íEíCfÃ       Initializing Media      The program essentially examines each memory address from a given starting point and prints out the value that's there in three different formats; decimal, ascii, and hexidecimal. It displays 20 lines of memory at a time. You can scroll up, scroll down, jump to another address and begin searching there, or search memory for a particular decimal value.Why would you want to do this? Well, that depends. All I can do is speak for myself.In order to write my notebook program, which has been sitting about gatANN-11/2   Uªÿ BOOT       DIRECTORY  ØLOGO26A   €MS-MINTA  	NOISEA    PP2LOGO.SWAPSPCT9-6A €Q-CPMA    &&README02A =TCJ-002A  ?€TELECONXA USNIGLETSA ZSPELHINTA _BLOCKS LEFTb>n SmartBASIC. There is no disassembler, or memory edit program so I decided to write one. It's probably a little crude, and I may add to it as time goes on. For the moment it gives me a means of looking for my 'needle in the haystack' while LOGO is loaded and running.Another technique of course would be to make an .IMG file of the entire LOGO interpreter (it's only about 48 blocks long) and yank it over to TDOS where there are better ways of looking at it. I'm doing that too. It's interesting to examine tÌ1 ×70The LOGO NotebookBy Ron MitchellHopefully this won't be too complicated. I'm about to introduce a program here that will allow you explore LOGO's memory setup in much the same manner as you could do under SmartBASIC with Uncle Ernie's Toolkit or the Hacker's Guide programs. The following routine is a mite on the slow side and is not nearly as sophisticated as the the various memory exploration programs available under SmartBASIC, but it will serve the purpose until something better comes along.hering dust for many months, I need some way of protecting a particular area on the screen. Under SmartBASIC it would be a snap. I would simply poke about 8 different addresses (give or take) in between 16953 and 17009 (or thereabouts) with the dimensions of the window I want to create and the cursor will not stray outside these column and row settings. There are similar settings in LOGO; there has to be. I just haven't found them yet. Unfortunately we don't have the tools available in LOGO that we have ithe disk file and compare it to the actual memory layout that the interpreter uses to install itself. So far as I can see the two are identical. In other words, LOGO seems to load itself in sequentially from address 0100 hex and begin running. I'm sure that things can't be that simple.Digressing. To return to the program at hand, here is the listing.************************************************************LOGO Memory Dump Program.November 26, 1994.  R.H Mitchell********************************have with them is that these routines slow up the program considerably. If you have no need for hex conversions, you could probably take them out. In fact, they're well worth studying all on their own and perhaps we'll do that next time. There's a wealth of programming technique there to be mastered.In the meantime, suffice it to say that if you remove the conversion routines, what you have left is the following:   1)  A prompt stating how to access the various program       functions using the arrow k] MAKE "S RL MAKE "S FIRST :S CLS DISPLAY ENDTO SCROLL.DOWN DISPLAY ENDTO DISPLAY CLS SETCURSOR [1 0] MAKE "R 0 REPEAT 20 [MAKE "X .EXAMINE :S TYPE :S TYPE [.....] SETCURSOR SE 12 :R TYPE :X TYPE [.....] SETCURSOR SE 19 :R TYPE CHAR :X TYPE [.....] SETCURSOR SE 25 :R PR DECTOHEX :X MAKE "S :S + 1 MAKE "R :R + 1] MEM ENDTO SCROLL.UP MAKE "S :S - 40 IF :S < 0 [MAKE "S 0] DISPLAY ENDTO DECTOHEX :N OP CONVERT :N 10 16 ENDTO C.TO.N :N IF NUMBERP :N [OP :N] OP ( ASCII :N ) - 55 ENDTO ANYBASE.TO.DEC :NThere is even one undocumented feature. If you use the 'search' function and you find the value you're looking for, the program will so inform you, indicating the address at which the value was found. To jump to a display beginning with that memory location, press the Wild Card key again. If you press anything else, the program will keep on searching for the next occurence of the value you specified.Try it. See if you can find my margin settings for me. So far I've found out that LOGO was copyright in 19OW = QUIT] TYPE [WILD CARD = SEARCH] MAKE "A RC MAKE "B ASCII :A IF :B = 160 [SCROLL.UP] IF :B = 163 [ASK.ME] IF :B = 161 [CLS SETCURSOR [1 0] STOP] IF :B = 144 [CLS SEARCH] SCROLL.DOWN END*************************************************************You start the program by typing:  MEMNote that the program makes use of the hexidecimal conversion routines found in TOOLS on the LOGO distribution disk. Couldn't see any point in reinventing the wheel. LCSI has already done a fine job. The only problem I ****************************TO SEARCH.FOR RECYCLE MAKE "A 0 SETCURSOR [5 15] TYPE :S TYPE [\ \]] MAKE "V .EXAMINE :S IF :V = :T [TYPE [\ FOUND AT] TYPE [\ \ ] TYPE :S MAKE "A RC] MAKE "A ASCII :A IF :A = 144 [DISPLAY] [MAKE "S :S + 1 SEARCH.FOR] ENDTO SEARCH CLS PR [INPUT SEARCH VALUE IN] PR [DECIMAL] PR [] MAKE "T FIRST RL PR [] PR [START ADDRESS?] PR [] MAKE "S FIRST RL SEARCH.FOR ENDTO CLS CS HT SETCURSOR [1 0] CHANGE.COLOR 15 1 ENDTO ASK.ME CLS SETCURSOR [1 0] PRINT [INPUT START ADDRESS] PRINT [eys and the Wild Card key.   2)  A means of clearing the screen and changing the text       color to a more readable black on blue background.   3)  An input routine to request the starting address for       for the display.   4)  An input routine to allow the user to state a particular       decimal value to be searched for.   5)  A display routine that lays out the information in        columns on the screen and does a little formatting       in the process just to keep the columns straight. :BASE :POWER IF EMPTYP :N [OP 0] OP ( :POWER * C.TO.N LAST :N ) + ANYBASE.TO.DEC BL :N :BASE :POWER * :BASE ENDTO N.TO.C :N IF :N < 10 [OP :N] OP CHAR 55 + :N ENDTO DEC.TO.ANYBASE :N :BASE IF :N < :BASE [OP N.TO.C :N] OP WORD DEC.TO.ANYBASE INT QUOTIENT :N :BASE :BASE N.TO.C REMAINDER :N :BASE ENDTO CONVERT :N :FRBASE :TOBASE OP DEC.TO.ANYBASE ANYBASE.TO.DEC :N :FRBASE 1 :TOBASE ENDTO HEXTODEC :N OP CONVERT :N 16 10 ENDTO MEM PR [UP / DOWN ARROW KEYS:SCROLL] PR [L. ARROW = SET ADDRESS] PR [R. ARR84 by LOGO Computer Systems Incorporated. (Addresses 142-181). Wonder if there's a "Hi Kathy" somewhere.     e ZCPR column is written by one of the ZCPR        authors and guides people in replacing CP/M with this        do-it-yourself operating system.        Tired of PC/MSDOS files getting bigger and bigger?  Like to do        things in a simple way?  How about learning about new devices        without having the latest "C" compiler?  Have you been        wondering about using thce that there would be opposition from anyone within the government.  In an effort to appease regulators, Microsoft gave a copy of Windows NT and a box of paper clips to Novell.Microsoft said it intends to print money in direct competition with the US Government. Microsoft chairman, Bill Gates, declared, "The Government has no vision and we intend to eventually take over all operations." The official announcement was made by Microsoft spokesman, Brad Silverberg, who showed reporters an alpha version of thÌ1 ×68Editor's Note: On FIDOnet there are many echo's. We are of course interested in the ADAM echo, but there is also the CP/M Technical echo where many of us take advantage of the wealth of knowledge and experience available. It's usually pretty serious stuff, but now and then a fun article emerges. The following piece, uploaded by my good friend Stephen Griswold of Connecticut takes a rather 'off the wall' poke at Microsoft. To:  All                        Message #:  5 From:  Stephen Griswold       d vision of "Money always at my fingertips." Gates further stated that the move to 32 bit operating systems would make it difficult "for the lemms, uh, I mean, users to continue throwing money at Microsoft in ever increasing amounts."  "This (acquisition) will make it unnecessary for our customers to continue to struggle with the challenge of actually buying and installing software," continued Gates.Response within the industry and government was immediate.  All major ISV's appeared at the press conferenc0/165) * Original: FORUM.... HUMOR * Forwarded by Charlie Smith---------------------------------------------------------------Microsoft Corporation today announced plans to buy the Philadelphia Mint from the United States government.  Final details of the transaction were hammered out in an all night bargaining session which included President Bill Clinton representing the US, and four unnamed chorus girls. An obviously fatigued and smiling Clinton emerged from the meeting and stated that he saw no chane new IDE drives on your CP/M system?        We do all that and more at The Computer Journal."   There are six issues per year, and the subscription rate is $24 for   1 year, or $44 for 2. Subscriptions may be sent to:              The Computer Journal              P.O. Box 535              Lincoln, CA 95648 +            (916) 645-1670Q22: What is ZCPR and the Z System?A: (Jay Sage, Don Kirkpatrick)   The original ZCPR was written in Z80 code and was called the "Z80   Command Processor Replae currency Microsoft will release next year. The currency, called simply "Money" (patent pending) bears a striking resemblance to US currency . When questioned about this, Silverberg stated that the US Government had obviously copied the design.  Silverberg alleged that this was constantly happening to Microsoft, citing Apple's theft of the Windows look and feel, and Stac's pilfering of on-the-fly disk compression as only two examples.Gates said the acquisition was made in order to move closer to his gran  Submitted:  13 Nov 94 06:20:00  Subject:  Blockbuster deal!!!   Status:  Public Received:  Yes                  Group:  CpmtechI found this in one of the local (1:141/ 1:142/) echos, and nearly lost all Bodily functions, when I read it.  Here it is, cross-posted for the enjoyment of the CP/M World! * Forwarded message from CT_USER * From   : Charlie Smith * To     : All * Subject: Blockbuster deal!!! * Date   : 02 Nov 94 00:16:00 * Message forwarded using CRR 1.60 + Original: FROM..... Larry Scott (1:26e and announced support for Money. Steve Gibson called the acquisition "the most earth shattering event in the history of the world, without question."  Brian Livingston said this was the most exciting news "since cousin Pee Wee got his own television show." Ed Bott declared that PC Computing would dedicate its next twelve issues to the new Money and said we would "all be using it soon." Jim Seymour stated that "the miraculous Money is now the standard for currency in the United States."  Hillary Clinton wais what you'll need from Radio Shack: a) 1 #279-374 Modular line cord  if you don't already have one.  You won't need one  if your phone has  a modular plug in its      base.  $4.95b) 1 #279-420  Modular surface  mount jack  (4 or  6 conductor)   $4.49c) 1 #271-1720 Potentiometer. This is a 5k audio taper variable   resistor. $1.09d) 1 #2721055 Capacitor.  Any non-polarized  1.0 to 1.5 uf cap    should do. Paper,  Mylar, or metal film caps should be used, although #272-996  may  work  as  well.  (27Ì1 ×67The following article has been taken from issue 13 of TRSLINK Magazine, edited by Luis M. Garcia-Barrio and Peter Besenbruch.  The article is being re-distributed with permission and may continue to be distributed freely provided that no fee is charged for its distribution (excepting connect time fees for telecommunications services, or a maximum fee of $1.50 to cover the cost of computer media).Linefeeds have been added to the file, as well as a left margin (eight spaces).                       may be in the way. So cut them as close to where they enter the plug as possible. The other end of these wires have a spade lug connector that  is screwed  into the  plastic.  Unscrew and remove that end of the wires as well.  You should have two wires left.  Green and red. Solder one end of the capacitor to the green wire. Solder the other end of the capacitor to the center lug of the potentiometer (there are three lugs on this critter).  Solder one end of the resistor tothe red wire. You may want to shor may be different due to modem type,  amount of line noise,  old or new switching equipment (Bell's equipment), etc. So it may not work as well for you in every  case.  If it does work,  or if you've managed to tweek it  to your  computer/modem setup  I'd like to hear from  you.  I'd  also  appreciate  any  of  you electronic wizzards out  there wanting  to offer  any improvements.  Let's make this work for everyone!  Please read this entire message and see if you understand it before you begin. OK. This s not available for comment.  ! Origin: The Moose BBS/North Boston, NY USA/716-646-5438 (1:260/165) ... American Express Credit Card: Don't leave home without it. -+- + TLX v4.00 * -+- Via Silver Xpress V4.01 BT001 + Origin: Silver Xpress Mail System (1:141/880) ... They started beating on our keyboards and screamed, "Why don't you run DOS? --- * CRR QWK 1.60 *--- Blue Wave/TG v QWK [NR] * Origin: The Fire House 203-693-9201 Canton Ct (1:142/201.0) =-=-=-=-=-=-=2-996  is a nonpolarized electrolytic cap) $.79e) 1 100 ohm resistor -quarter or half watt. $.19f) 1 #279-357  Y-type or  duplex modular connector.Don't buy this until you've  read the section  on connecting the Noise Killer below.(A, B,or C) $4.95First,  pry open the  modular  block  with  a screwdriver.  Inside you'll find up  to 6 wires.  Very carefully cut out all but the green and red wires. The ones you'll be removing should be black, yellow,  white, and blue. These wires won't be needed and                 Modem Noise Killer (alpha version)        In  this  project,   with  some  basic  tools  and  a  few components from  Radio Shack,  you  should be  able to  cut the noise/garbage that appears on your computer's screen. I started this project out  of frustration  at using  a US  Robotics 2400 baud modem and getting a fair amount of junk when connecting at that speed.  Knowing that capacitors make good noise filters, I threw this together.  It is  very  easy  to  build,  however conditions ten the leads of the resistor first.  Solder the other end  of the resistor  to either one of the remaining  outside lugs  of the  potentiometer.  It doesn't matter which.Now to wrap it up, make a hole in the lid of the mod block        to stick the  shaft of  the potentiometer through.  Don't make    this hole dead center  as the other parts  may not fit into the   body of the mod  block if you do.  See how things  will fit in    order to find where the hole will go.Now that you've got it built you'll  file  on a board up east a few  days ago,  and  thought I'd  bite.  Threw the gismo together in about 10 minutes,  took  another five to adjust the pot for best results on my worst conection,  and guess what? No more worst connecion!A few pointers:1) The pot need not be either  5K or audio taper.  I used a 10K   15 turn trim pot. Suggest you use what is handy.2) I used 2MFD's  of capacitance  (two 1MFD's  in parallel) Two   R.S.  p/n 272-1055 work fine.  Remember  that about 90 Volts will appear acrlar,  you  can unplug the cord from the back of it after  you're on-line and plug  the cord into the Noise Killer.3) You may have  to  buy  a  Y-type  modular adaptor.  Plug the adaptor into a wall outlet, plug the modem into one side and the Noise Killer into the other.  Call a BBS that has known noise problems.  After you've connected and garbage begins to appear, plug the  Noise  Killer  into  the  phone  line  as described  above.  If  you  have  turned  the  shaft  on the potentiometer the wrong wae new IDE drives on your CP/M system?        We do all that and more at The Computer Journal."   There are six issues per year, and the subscription rate is $24 for   1 year, or $44 for 2. Subscriptions may be sent to:              The Computer Journal              P.O. Box 535              Lincoln, CA 95648 +            (916) 645-1670Q22: What is ZCPR and the Z System?A: (Jay Sage, Don Kirkpatrick)   The original ZCPR was written in Z80 code and was called the "Z80   Command Processor Replaarbage or disconnected  at  some  point.  If  you  don't,  reread this message to make sure you've connected it right. *** END OF ORIGINAL FILE*** ADDITION TO ORIGINAL FILE - 2/29/88 Mike McCauley - CIS 71505,1173 First,  a personal recomendation.  THIS WORKS!!!_ I have been plagued with noise at 2400 for some time. I went round and round with Ma Bell  on it,  and  after they  sent out several "repair persons" who were,  to be kind,  of limited help in the  matter,  I threw in the towel.  I saw thisneed to test it. Twist        the shaft on the potentiometer  until it stops.  You won't know   which way to turn it  until later.  It doesn't matter which way   now.  You also need to determine where to plug the Noise Killer   onto the telephone line.  It can be done by one of several ways: 1) If your modem has two modular plugs in the back, connect the  Noise Killer into one of them using a line cord. A line cord      is a straight cord that connects a phone to the wall outlet.2) If your phone is moduoss red &  green at ring,  so the caps should be rated at 100VDC+.3) I ended up with  a final series resistance  value (100 ohm + pot) of 2.75K.  I speculate that one could probably use 2MFD      and a fixed 2.7K resistor and  do the job  90% of the time.       The adjustment of the pot is not very critical.  Changes of +/- 1K made  little  difference in  the  performance of the circuit.  Hope it works as well for you as it did for me.  Mikey you'll find out now. You may get a lot of garbage or even disconnected. If this happens, turn the shaft the other way until it stops and try again. If you don't notice much difference when you plug the Noise Killer in, that may be a good sign.Type in a few commands and look for garbage characters  on the  screen.  If there  still is, turn the shaft slowly until  most of it is gone.  If nothing seems to happen at all,  turn the shaft slowly from one side to  the  other.   You  should  get   plenty  of  gÌ1 ×67The following was posted on Compuserve in the Adamania section. Patricia Herrington asked Chris Braymen- "Chris, how would you go about using SPRITES from PowerPAINT as turtles in LOGO?"To which Chris responded-Besides entering them into LOGOs shape editor one by one you mean?  A conversion program should be pretty easy.  In BASIC you could Bload the PP sprite file into memory somewhere, open an ascii output file, and step thru the sprites in memory, 32 bytes each, saving each out as a LOGO lisdows in it.12) Hit <RETURN>. I'll see to it that you never do.13) One for the money, two for the show, three to get ready, and     the drive won't go.14) If I had lost as much memory as my user has, I wouldn't be     able to find the....ah, the...  er... the... ummm... the....15) Keyboard! Ruddy keyboard! If he could only learn to talk!   1.0 to 1.5 uf cap    should do. Paper,  Mylar, or metal film caps should be used, although #272-996  may  work  as  well.  (27Ì1 ×66A Computer's Perspectiveby Ron Mitchell1)   If  new  ideas are the currency of human progress, we may      have a problem.2)  What humans buy has less to do with what they need than with     what they're sold.3)  Programs, programs, get your programs! Never before has    such a useless mass of spaghetti been made available for    the benefit of mankind.4)  You tell me repeatedly that without you I'm nothing. I    say to you, without me what would you do with your evenings?5)  Slowly          <jdb8042@blkbox.com> Ralph Becker-Szendy     <RALPH@SLAC.STANFORD.EDU> Mike Gordillo           <GQ23V55D@umiami.ir.miami.edu> Stephen R. Griswold     <stephen.griswold@CIRCELLAR.COM> Roger Hanscom           <hanscom@atlantis.ees.anl.gov> Ulrich Hebecker         <Ulrich.Hebecker@studbox.uni-stuttgart.de> William P. Maloney      <aq743@cleveland.Freenet.Edu> Paul Martin             <pm@nowster.demon.co.uk> Shown 2%, press <SPACE> for more, 'q' to quit, or 'h' for help Don Maslin              <donm@crird.8)  Old Fimble Ningers one night asked me the meaning of life.    I told him that one day he would eventually discover the     truth and be terribly disappointed. 9)  The combination of human intellect with computer speed and     accuracy can often result in the computer doing a lot of     waiting.10) I'm here to see to it that Murphy's law becomes a major     guiding factor in your life.11) We give the user a tool whose usefulness is limited only by     his imagination and then we put Wint, like MAKE "SHAPE0 [n0 n1 n2 ... n31].  Then in LOGO you LOAD the list file and use PUTSH 0 :SHAPE0 to assign a shape to a turtle.  Viola!Chris ject out  of frustration  at using  a US  Robotics 2400 baud modem and getting a fair amount of junk when connecting at that speed.  Knowing that capacitors make good noise filters, I threw this together.  It is  very  easy  to  build,  however conditions Ì1 ×75Editor's Note: The following is the second of 2 'FAQs' on this disk. A 'FAQ' in Internet parlance is a file of Frequently Asked Questions, along with their answers provided by experts in the field. This FAQ was taken from Internet's discussion group known as as comp.os.cpm. Archive-name: CPM-faq Posting-Frequency: monthly Last-Modified: 1994/10/10================================================================I wish to thank the following people their contributions to this FAQ:John D. Baker  he turned. His countenance bore a devilish tinge     bordering on insanity. His laughter was that of a madman.    Slowly, cautiously, he approached me, brandishing the fire    tongs with fiendishly evil glee. One swift swipe and......     (proves once again that mosquitoes move faster. The    computer screen was a bit of a mess.)6)  The sooner you stop behaving like a sanctimonious twit,     the faster we'll get some work done.7)  I know of users who honestly believe that Forth comes after     Thash.cts.com> Udo Munk                <udo@umunk.GUN.de> Alan Ogden              <arog@BIX.com> Keith Peterson          <w8sdz@Vela.ACS.Oakland.Edu> Jay Sage                <sage@LL.MIT.EDU> Curt Schroeder          <cschroed@hercii.lasc.lockheed.com> Peter A. Schuman        <schu0204@gold.tc.umn.edu> Kevin Spears            <kspear@ss0.eng.wayne.edu> Tilmann Reh             <tilmann.reh@hrz.uni-siegen.d400.de> Geir Tjoerhom           <geirt@nvg.unit.no> Jack Velte              <velte@cdrom.com> Juergen Weberr CP/M   books giving different answers.  According to Gary Kildall (the   author of CP/M), in response to a direct question on the PBS show   "The Computer Chronicles" following Computer Bowl I, the answer is:   Control Program for Microcomputers.  This is also consistent with   DRI documentation.  See, for example, p. 4 of the DRI TEX manual.Q2: Is CP/M in the Public Domain?A: (Jay Sage, Don Maslin, Tilmann Reh)   CP/M is not in the public domain, and there is at least one source   for the puOf ContentsQ1: Does CP/M stand for anything? Q2: Is CP/M in the Public Domain? Q3: Where are the CP/M archives? Q4: Can I subscribe to com.os.cpm via E-Mail? Q5: What languages/compilers/databases/editors are still available? Q6: What new CP/M computers are available? Q7: What is this I hear about a CP/M CD ROM? Q8: How can I transfer my CP/M files to DOS? Q9: How can I convert an (insert name) disk to (insert name) format? Q10: Can I run CP/M on my MSDOS machine? Q11: Where can I get a boot disk for (ins/M-Plus replacement named ZPM3, written by Simeon   Cran. It offers much more performance and some additional features   compared to CP/M-Plus. An extended CCP, the ZCCP, is also available.   Unfortunately, it still seems to have some bugs.  ZPM3 and ZCCP are   free! However no sources as Simeon won't give them away.   And CP/M-68K is available from:              James Knox              TriSoft              1825 East 38 1/2              Austin, TX  78722              (512)472-0744               Q22: What is ZCPR and the Z System? Q23: What ever happened to the Z800? Q24: What is the status of the Z380? Q25: What is the KC80? Q26: Anyone know a good source for cross assemblers?=====================================================================Q1: Does CP/M stand for anything?A: (Don Kirkpatrick)   There are at least three popular answers - Control Program for   Microcomputers, Control Program for Microprocessors, and Control   Program/Monitor.  The issue is clouded by authors of popula           <weberj@dia.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de> Jeffrey J. Wieland      <wieland@ea.ecn.purdue.edu> Frank Zsitvay           <frank.zsitvay@bytewarrior.altcit.eskimo.com>While this FAQ is not intended to be an advertisement for any product, please note that some of the contributor have a financial interest in some of the items mentioned.  Your editor has NO financial interest in anything mentioned in this FAQ. =====================================================================                Table rchase of new, legal copies:              David McGlone              149 W. Hilliard Lane              Eugene, OR 97404-3057,              (503)688-3563.   On the other hand, there have been lots of greatly improved clones,   including ZCPR3 for the command processor and several replacements |  for the BDOS.  Some of these are commercial (e.g., ZSDOS/ZDDOS), but |  many have been released to the public.  Most of the latter can be |  obtained from oak.oakland.edu and many BBSs.   There is also a CPert system name)? Q12: What terminal emulation programs are available? Q13: How do you unpack a .ARK or .ARC file? Q14: How do you unpack a .lbr file? Q15: What are all these .xQx, .xYx, and .xZx file types? Q16: Are any of these .ARK, .LBR, or CRUNCH utilities on MSDOS? Q17: Why does my Kaypro drop characters above (insert baud rate)? Q18: What is an Advent TurboROM? Q19: How can I add a hard drive to my Kaypro? Q20: What belongs in the unpopulated board area on a Kaypro? Q21: What is The Computer Journal?(800)531-5170              (512)473-2122 (FAX)Q3: Where are the CP/M archives?A: (Don Maslin, Ralph Becker-Szendy, Paul Martin, Ulrich Hebecker)   Simtel20 is no more.  Six sites that stock CP/M files are:              oak.oakland.edu              wuarchive.wustl.edu              update.uu.se              ftp.demon.co.uk              reze-2.rz.rwth-aachen.de              soltrans.cr.usgs.gov      The main archive is oak.oakland.edu.  Assuming the availability of   anonymous ftp, look into               Ed Grey              P.O. Box #2186              Inglewood, CA 90305              (213)759-7406              <ac959@cleveland.Freenet.Edu>.   Hi-Tech C V3.09 for CP/M is now in the public domain.  The original   is on their bbs in Australia, at (61)(7)300-5235.  Copies can be   obtained from:        design.fen.qut.edu.au: /pub/hitech        update.uu.se: /pub/rainbow/cpm/c+  Sage Microsystems East still offers BDS C, in both the original, +  straight CP/M version and in a versiol send you instructions and passwords necessary to perform    ftp uploads.    There is a European file server group, named TRICKLE.  This group    mirrors oak.oakland and other archives.  For more information, get    in touch with your local TRICKLE operator.Q4: Can I subscribe to com.os.cpm via E-Mail?A:  (Keith Peterson)    To join the CPM-L mailing list, which is gatewayed to and from    comp.os.cpm, you must send email to the list server.  If you are on    BITNET, send the following commanited              3290 Genesee Street              P. O. Box 594              Cheektowaga, NY 14225-0594              716-892-9630   Dynacomp stills sell CP/M software (or to be accurate, they still   had several dozen CP/M programs in the 1992 catalog.) It is the   kind of programs which ought to be written in BASIC: Typing tutors,   little engineering programs like calculation of the stiffness of   beams, education math programs. Their address is:              Dynacomp              178 Phillile?A: (Ralph Becker-Szendy, Ulrich  Hebecker, Jay Sage)|  Unfortunately, SLR sold out to Symantec and that all products except |  for one DOS (or Windows) tool has been withdrawn from the market |  (what a shame).  However, Sage Microsystems East (contact Jay Sage) |  does carry the excellent ZMAC package including a macro relocatable |  assembler, linker, and librarian.  Except for the speed, ZMAC is |  better and cheaper than the standard SLR tools.   MIX C and other MIX products are available from:the subdirectories of /pub/cpm.  There is a   *lot* there!  One of the first directories to check is starter-kit.   It contains everything you need to get up and running.   If you wish to submit material to oak.oakland.edu, contact:              Jeff Marraccini              Senior Computing Resource Administrator              Oakland University              Rochester, MI USA 48309-4401              (810)370-4542              jeff@vela.acs.oakland.edu <- Work              jdm@msen.com    He wiln that includes Z-System +  support.  The package, with both versions of the compiler and a very +  large manual, is only $30.   Public domain CP/M programs are available via:              Elliam Associates              Box 2664              Atascadero, CA 93423              (805)466-8440   In the past, Elliam has sold Turbo Pascal, Uniform, Nevada COBOL,   SuperCalc, and much more.  Call for availability and price.   WordStar 4.0 is available from:              Trio Company of Cheektowaga Limd:          SUBSCRIBE CPM-L your full name    to LISTSERV@RPITSVM.  You can send that in an interactive if your    system supports them (e.g. the CMS TELL command), or in the body of    a mail message (*not* the subject line).    If you are not on BITNET, the Internet subscription address is    LISTSERV@VM.ITS.RPI.EDU.  Send mail to that address with this text    in the body of the message:          SUBSCRIBE CPM-L your full nameQ5: What languages/compilers/databases/editors are still availabps Road              Webster, NY 14580              (800)828-6772 orders              (716)265-4040 support   There is no known U.S. source to purchase the following programs:        muMath/muSimp        Any Microsoft product (M80, L80, F80, Pascal, BASIC)        VEdit +  but Jay Sage has copies of a number of programs that were donated to +  his Boston Computer Society Zitel User Group.  As of this writing, +  there are some copies of Turbo Pascal, F80/M80/L80, Perfect Writer +  and other prograOM?A: (Jack Velte)   The disk is now in beta release.  Reportedly, it's going to be   nearly full, probably over 600 Meg. It may contain some commodore 64   and 128 files and some embedded system controller files, but mostly   it will be CP/M.  So far it contains these files:        fog/         First osborne user group newsletters and promo's        fog_000/     First osborne user group intro to cpm        t_hoot/      Tom Hoot personal collection        tcj/         The Computer Journal collec            Fa. Wiedmann              Unternehmensberatung              Korbinianplatz 2      D 85737 Ismaning              Tel.: 089/969374 (from 9:00 to 18:00 )   Z3PLUS (for CP/M, DM 70.--), NZCOM (for CP/M 2.2, DM 70.--), BDSC-Z,   TURBO Tools Turbolader, and Juggler (DM 50.--) from:              Helmut Jungkunz Zacherlstr.14 D 85737 Ismaning              Tel.: 089/969374 (18:30 to 21:30)              100024.1545@compuserve.com   C 128 CP/M Plus (DM 80.-) from:              Schaltungsdienrovided but the                     three files -MYZ-001.DIR, -MYZ-002.DIR and                     -MYZ-003.DIR give the file names and the                     .LBR member names.        zsus/        Z-System Software-Update-Service        cpm/         From SIMTEL        cpmug        From SIMTEL -- cpm user's group collection        sigm         From SIMTEL -- sig m user's group collection   The cost will be $39.95 plus $5 shipping and handling (per order,   not per disk) for US/Canada, and $10 fors many other I/O cards to be connected.   Ampro Little Board products were available from Dean Davidge of   Davidge Corporation, Buellton, CA, but he may have moved and the   address and phone number are unknown.   The Micromint SB180/SB180FX is also still available from:+             Micromint, Inc. +             4 Park Street +             Vernon, CT  06066 +             203-871-6170 (technical assistance) +             800-635-3355 (for order placement)Q7: What is this I hear about a CP/M CD Rms in the Perfect line, WordStar and other programs +  in the 'Star' line, and quite a number of others.  They may be +  obtained in exchange for a donation to the user group.  Contact Jay +  Sage.   Most have been "abandoned" by their makers, but not placed in the   public domain.   For our European readers, much is available in Germany.  dBASE,   dBASSI, WordStar 3.0, Multiplan, Supercalc PCW, and Microsoft Basic   (Interpreter and Compiler), M80, L80, CREF80 , and LIB80 can be   ordered from:  tion        znode3/      The Newton Centre Z-Node, Z-Node #3, in Newton                     Centre, Massachusetts.        znode_12/    This software was collected over a period of                     many years by Lee Bradley, Z- Node 12 Sysop.                     There is about 20 megabytes here. Many files are                     .LBR's which contain compressed members, so the                     actual size of this collection is probably close                     to 30-35 megabytes. No index is pst Lange Berlin Tel.: 030/7036060Q6: What new CP/M computers are available?A: (Ralph Becker-Szendy, John D. Baker, Tilmann Reh)   The YASBEC (uses a 64180, has  SCSI interface), written up in TCJ,   issues #51 and #52.  It is important that the YASBEC uses a   proprietary bus system.   The CPU280 (uses a Z280, an IDE interface is available), also   written up in TCJ, issues #52 and #53. Circuit boards are available   from Jay Sage and Ralph Becker-Szendy.  CPU280 uses the ECB-bus   which allow airmail overseas.  If you   live in California, please add sales tax.  For further information:              info@cdrom.com              Walnut Creek CDROM              1547 Palos Verdes, Suite 260              Walnut Creek, CA  94596 USA              (510)674-0783 voice                (510)674-0821 fax               (800)786-9907 Q8: How can I transfer my CP/M files to DOS?A: (Don Maslin, Will Rose, Alan Ogden, Tilmann Reh)   One solution is Sydex' excellent shareware program 22DISK which sk interface. +  Contact Jay Sage for details.  DosDisk and MSDOS both handle DOS +  subdirectories.|  Remember, these conversion programs only move the data, as is, in |  its current binary form, from one disk format to another.  They do |  not reinterpret the data so that a different program can use the |  information.  However, there are some tools under DOS that will |  convert word processing file data among different word processors, |  such as WordStar, Word Perfect, and Microsoft Word.  If the CP/15)756-2928 Fax              (800)890-7227   If it's for an IBM type system, talk to them about what kind of   hardware/software you have. Some flavors of PC have a problem with   both UniForm and 22disk and UniForm will not operate properly under   DRDOS v6.0.  UniForm also fails if the machine clock exceeds   ~20MHz.  This has been confirmed with Micro Solutions, and no fix is   available.   You need not use the DOS machine - there are also at least three   transfer programs running under CP/M:, Mike Gordillo, Helmut Jungkunz, Tilmann Reh)   David McGlone and Elliam Associates (see above) offer disk   conversion services at modest prices that can convert from just   about any format to just about any other format.   If you have a Kaypro equipped with an Advent TurboROM, Plu*Perfect   Systems offers a program called MULTICPY that can read/write about   one hundred different 5 1/4 formats.   It is not possible to directly read/write Apple II CP/M disks on any   other host machine because runs only on +  the following specific hardware:+       all Kaypros equipped with a TurboROM +       all Kaypros equipped with a KayPLUS ROM and QP/M or CP/M +       Xerox 820-I equipped with a Puls-2 ROM and QP/M +       Ampro Little Board +       SB180 and SB180FX equipped with XBIOS +       Morrow MD3 and MD11 +       Oneac On! +       Commodore C128 with CP/M-3 and 1571 drive+  There is also a kit version for which the user can write his own +  driver, provided the BIOS implements a table-driven di|  permits reading, writing, and formatting many CP/M format disks on a |  PC.  It is available on:         oak.oakland.edu: /pub/msdos/diskutil/22dsk140.zip   There is also UniForm by Micro Solutions that should still be   available from them. There are versions for both the IBM-pc's and a   lot of different cp/m machines. Micro Solutions can be reached at:              Micro Solutions              123 W Lincoln Hwy.              DeKalb, IL 60115              (815)756-3411 Voice              (8M |  computer that made the original disk is still running, you might |  want to try to generate a pure text (ASCII) version of your |  information (e.g., by "printing to disk") before moving it over to a |  DOS disk.  If the computer is not working but you still have the |  program, you might try copying it over to a DOS disk and running it |  under a CP/M emulator on the DOS machine to produce a text file.Q9: How can I convert an (insert name) disk to (insert name) format?A: (Jay Sage, Curt Schroeder TRANSFER (for CP/M-2.2), of   which a quick-hack CP/M-3 adaptation also exists; DOSDISK, and MSDOS   for CP/M-Plus written by Tilmann Reh, latest version 2.1 of Oct 93.   TRANSFER and MSDOS are freely available, DOSDISK is commercial.   MSDOS has two related utilities:  MSFORM will create the DOS Boot   Record, FAT and directory structure on a freshly formatted disk, and   MSDIR will give you a quick look at the main directory of a DOS   disk.+  DosDisk is a standard CP/M product.  As supplied, it an Apple disk is recorded in GCR which is   incompatible with FM/MFM disk controllers.  The only way to get CP/M   files in or out of Apple II CP/M disks is via a serial link with a |  non-Apple II host or with special hardware (for example, the Micro |  Solutions Apple disk controller - see Q10:).   There exists a program called "Juggler" for the C128's CP/M that   will read/write 140 different CP/M formats both 3.5 and 5.25 MFM   (and some GCR) formats.  Juggler is available from Herne Data   Syst I/O   emulation for a typical CP/M system also is included. The package   also comes with the BIOS source for the I/O emulation and a Z80   cross-assembler.  It was developed it under COHERENT but it's known   that it does work under Linux and SunOS too. You still need a CP/M   license to get CP/M running or you might try to get one of the free   available CP/M clones running on it. On a 486/66 DX2 running   COHERENT it's like a 11Mhz Z80 CPU, so the emulation speed is   acceptable.   On oak.oaklats is to use a PC with 22DISK - just   copy the files from one CP/M disk to DOS, and then back to the other   CP/M disk.Q10: Can I run CP/M on my MSDOS machine?A: (Juergen Weber, Udo Munk, Paul Martin, John D. Baker, Tilmann Reh)   Available by anonymous ftp from the primary mirror site   OAK.Oakland.Edu and its mirrors:        pub/msdos/emulators/zsim23.zip   ZSIM is an (extremely accurate) Z80 emulator (80386/40 -8 MHz Z80)   in conjunction with a CP/M 80 BIOS, i.e. it simulates a Z80 machtually run without causing system   errors under the later versions of DOS, apparently none is capable   of running real CP/M. Instead they use an emulated version of CP/M   which is only as accurate as the developers have bothered to make   it.    MYZ80 can run CP/M 3.0 and ZCPR (which is such a useful Z80   developer's environment).  So if you suffer from less than perfect   Z80 emulation and slow overall performance, give MYZ80 a try, and   save the 'real' Z80  machines for those cold winter mor  The ram disk   can be saved to the PC hard disk.  The hard disk is in an MS-Dos   file.  A sample hard disk containing the SMALL-C compiler is   included.   As ZSIM uses an original operating system and CP/M disks it should   run every CP/M program that does not use special hardware.  ZSIM is   free for personal use.  Sources of the CP/M BIOS are included.   On raven.alaska.edu you'll find:        /pub/coherent/sources32/z80pack.tar.Z.   This is a Z80 CPU emulation completely written in C, anems in Canada.  A demo version with 22 formats, and other C128   specific CP/M software, can be found at:|       ftp://ccnga.waterloo.ca/pub/cbm/os/cpm   and the complete program may be purchased from:              Herne Data Systems Ltd.              PO Box 714, Station C              Toronto, Ontario              CANADA  M6J 3S1   The CPU280 CP/M-3 implementation offers the AutoFormat feature which   allows to format, read and write almost every disk format.   Another way of converting formand.edu you'll find:         /pub/msdos/emulator/myz80111.zip    MYZ80 is a Z80/64180 emulator package.  The new 80486, 80386 & 80286   machines with the fast hard drives and the snazzy OS/2 operating   systems are such a delight... but for many, the Z80 machines still   have to be fired up from to time in order to develop code for CP/M   and the Z80 chip. Well, not any more, thanks to MYZ80.    Other emulators on the market are less than satisfactory solutions.   Of the small number which can acine,   that can run CP/M.  Together with the original CP/M operating system   you have a full Z80-CP/M machine.   If you don't have a CP/M system disk at hand, you can use the   included public domain CP/M compatible operating system P2DOS.   ZSIM uses CP/M format disks, a ram disk and a hard disk.  Supported   disk formats are CP/M 86 single sided and double sided, but you can   install any singled sided CP/M format PC drives can physically   read.  So you can use ZSIM to transfer data to MS-Dos.nings when   you really need the heat.  The author of MYZ80, Simon Cran, can be   reached at:        Simeon Cran P/L        PO Box 5706        West End, Queensland, AUstralia 4101        Simeon.Cran@f236.n640.z3.fidonet.org   It may also be helpful to note that Micro Solutions had a device   called the MatchPoint PC.  When used in conjunction with a |  MicroSolutions CompatiCard, you can read files from an Apple CP/M |  disk and transfer to another disk format with a special |  configuration of Unading CP/M public domain or freeware (author kept copyright   but distributed it for free) modem programs are:        MODEM740 - The last of the "MODEMxxx" programs.        IMP245 - This is nice, and works smoothly within what it does.        What it does, it does very well.  IF you have slow floppy        drives, there is a patch to cut down the receive buffer size.        MEX114 - different from the above two, but minimally functional        with just an IMP overlay.  To use it all, you need MEXun-time options: First, you can create a   small COM file which will then load both the emulator and the CP/M   program (contained in a .CPM file to avoid confusions); Second, you   can build the emulator and the application together to a single COM   file (which is larger then but needs no run-time module).Q11: Where can I get a boot disk for (insert system name)?   A: (Don Maslin)   Getting a system disk is pretty easy - if Dina-SIG CP/M System Disk   Archives has it.  However, some dialogue und on watsun.cc.columbia.edu.        QTERM43E - This is somewhat like using QMODEM on an MSDOS        machine.  Qterm has VT100 emulation mode as well as XMODEM and        KERMIT protocol.  If you can get (or write) a good overlay,        this is a nice program.   For high speed transfers, you will probably need interrupt-driven   routines, which are available for some these.  The exact baud rate   where it becomes necessary varies by system and program.Q13: How do you unpack a .ARK or .ARC fil   Eight inch disks are a bit more!  However, a swap can be arranged if   the other party has disks that are not duplicative of ones already   in the archive.  If you can help augment the archive, yours is   free.   The keeper of the archives can be reached at:              Don Maslin              7742 Via Capri              La Jolla CA 92037              619-454-7392   or use the email address given above.Q12: What terminal emulation programs are available?A: (Peter A. Schuman)   The leiForm.   22NICE is (like 22DISK) from Sydex. It emulates the application   program while translating all BDOS and BIOS calls into the   appropriate DOS calls.  This way, it's comparably fast and allows   for free use of the DOS file system (including paths). You are able   to map drive/user combinations to particular paths in the DOS file   system. The emulator can be configured for different emulation modes   (8080, Z80, and automatic detection) and different terminal   emulations. There are two r overlay        for your machine.        ZMP15  -  This program includes ZMODEM file transfers.        KERMIT - This program may have the widest implementation base        because it uses only printable characters for its file        transfers.  This is a plus because the MODEM7 family of        protocols send binary characters that sometimes conflict with        the underlying system use.  It is a minus because many more        characters must be sent and thus is slower.  KERMIT may be        fowith the requester has   usually been necessary to assure that we are talking about the same   Jurassic inhabitant!  There are just too many variants in the CP/M   world.  A request with specifics on the computer, an address to mail   to, and some recompense is all it takes.  Since this is an unfunded   effort on the part of the SIG, the costs of media, mailer, and   postage  must be recouped.  In general, and there are variations,   this runs $3 for the first disk and $2 or less for each additional.e?A: (Gier Tjoerhom, Don Kirkpatrick)    Archive files are a collection of related files packed together so    they stay together.  They have somewhat been replaced by librarys,    but are still encountered often.  The C or K at the end only    differentiate the original packing program, they are otherwise    identical.  Some archives are self extracting, just rename them    with a .com ending and execute them.  Others must be unpacked with    a program, unarc16.ark containing one of the most popu        nic.funet.fi: /pub/msdos/packing/compress/alusq.com    (.xQx)        nic.funet.fi: /pub/msdos/packing/compress/uncr233.zip  (.xZx)Q17: Why does my Kaypro drop characters above (insert baud rate)?A: (Jeff Wieland, Stephen Griswold, Don Kirkpatrick)   The basic problem is that updating the screen takes too long and some   incoming characters are missed.  The exact baud rate where   characters begin to disappear depends on the configuration of the   Kaypro and the terminal program.  Generallbrext b:myfile.lbr c:*.* uo   This takes the lbrext.com file on 'A' to extract all the files in   myfile.lbr on 'B' and put them on 'C' uncrunched.  A simple 'lbrext'   first will show you how to use the .com file.   Other popular library maintenance programs are LUE, DELBR, and NULU,   the latter being one of the best CP/M programs for handling LBRs.   However, don't use NULU to extract and unsqueeze simultaneously.  It   occasionally screws up doing this, and it can trash an entire disk   when i Sometimes the problem can be ignored. A 2X will drop characters at   300 baud using Kermit-80.  File transfers work fine at 19200 bps.   It is always a good ides to run file transfers in the quiet mode if   terminal mode is dropping characters as then the display update time   is minimized.   The graphic-equipped Kaypros can be significantly improved in   terminal mode just by turning off the status line at the bottom of   the screen.  As most terminal programs have an initialize sequence   availae are many fine programs that uncompress files, but   most handle only one or two compression types (e.g. SQ111.ARC and   CRUNCH24.LBR).  One program that will uncompress all three types can   be found in CRLZH20.LBR.Q16: Are any of these .ARK, .LBR, or CRUNCH utilities on MSDOS?A: (Geir Tjoerhom)   Yes, MSDOS versions do exist and can be located as follows:        oak.oakland.edu: /pub/msdos/arcutil/lue220.zip         (.LBR)        nic.switch.ch: /mirror/msdos/archiver/arce41a.zip      (.ARK)lar (in a    self extracting archive). This archive can be found at:         oak.oakland.edu: /pub2/cpm/arc-lbr/unarc16.arkQ14: How do you unpack a .lbr file?A: (William P. Maloney, Peter A. Schuman)   A .lbr is a single file that contains a number of compressed files   inside.  The files must be extracted from the .lbr before the can be   used.   One very good library extract program is called lbrext.com.  It's   simple to use and uncrunches the files at the same time.  EXAMPLE:        A>ly, the older non-graphic   Kaypros will run at a much higher baud rate before characters start   to disappear.  Stock Kaypros are not interrupt driven and the BIOS   ROM has several built-in delays, which demanded too much of a   2x/4x/10's time.   Several things can be done to help the situation.  If your Kaypro   came with the MITE software package, you can use it for high speed   terminal emulation.  A Kaypro 2X using MITE can go as fast as 19200   bps.  MITE uses interrupts to achieve this.  t does so.   LT31 is also able to unpack libraries and also supports all   current compression standards (including LZH 2.0!).  It is a very   useful utility and can replace several single programs.Q15: What are all these .xQx, .xYx, and .xZx file types?A: (Don Kirkpatrick)   These are compressed files, a.k.a. squeezed or crunched files.  They   must be uncompressed before they can be used.  They differ in the   compression algorithm; .?Q? was the first generation and .?Y? the   newest.  Therble, just send the no status line command to the Kaypro -   <ESC>, C, 7 [1BH, 43H, 37H in hex].   There are several hardware changes that can lessen or eliminate the   problem.  There is a speed modification for the 1983 Kaypro-II's &   IV's requiring changing some chips to faster versions and outfitting   the back with a toggle switch.  Upgrading to a MicroCornucopia MAX-8   or Advent TurboROM also helps.   If your machine is equipped with the Advent TurboROM and you choose   to run QTERM, Don Kithors and guides people in replacing CP/M with this        do-it-yourself operating system.        Tired of PC/MSDOS files getting bigger and bigger?  Like to do        things in a simple way?  How about learning about new devices        without having the latest "C" compiler?  Have you been        wondering about using the new IDE drives on your CP/M system?        We do all that and more at The Computer Journal."   There are six issues per year, and the subscription rate is $24 for   1 year, or 12              916/483-0312Q19: How can I add a hard drive to my Kaypro?A: (Don Kirkpatrick)   Chuck Stafford (see above) sells hard drive conversion kits.   Emerald Microware used to offer hard drive kits for the Kaypro, but   has run out of hard disk controllers. If you already have your own   WD-1002-05 or WD-1002-HDO or can find one, then Emerald can provide   you with controller software.  They can be contacted at:              EMERALD MICROWARE              P.O. Box 1726              rst   experiment in greatly extending the power of the command processor.   It added additional memory modules for supporting such things as   multiple commands on a line, a dynamically reconfigurable command   search path, and directory names associated with drive/user areas.   The ideas and implementation in ZCPR2 were only half-baked, and they   came to logical fruition in ZCPR3 (Richard Conn's 3.0 and Jay Sage's   3.3 and 3.4).    ZCPR3 gives you UNIX-like flexibility.  Features implemented incrkpatrick)   The Computer Journal is a magazine specializing in CP/M, small   systems, and related topics. Chuck Stafford writes a regular column   on Kaypros and Jay Sage writes one on Z Systems. In their own   words:        "The Computer Journal has been supporting CP/M and Z80s for TEN        years.  TCJ has recently increased our support by providing        more beginner CP/M articles, as well as our regular advanced        ZCPR column.  The ZCPR column is written by one of the ZCPR        aurkpatrick can send you an interrupt driver that   allows the graphic-enhanced Kaypros to work just fine to at least   2400 baud.Q18: What is an Advent TurboROM?A: (Don Maslin)   The Advent TurboROM is a firmware upgrade to the Kaypro.  It   replaces the original Kaypro system ROM and provides flexible   configurations, additional disk formats, greater speed, and bug   fixes.  Contact point for this is:              Chuck Stafford              4000 Norris Avenue              Sacramento CA 958$44 for 2. Subscriptions may be sent to:              The Computer Journal              P.O. Box 535              Lincoln, CA 95648 +            (916) 645-1670Q22: What is ZCPR and the Z System?A: (Jay Sage, Don Kirkpatrick)   The original ZCPR was written in Z80 code and was called the "Z80   Command Processor Replacement".  It was a drop-in replacement for   the Digital Research CCP (Console Command Processor) and adhered to   the 800H space restriction.  ZCPR2 (February 14, 1983) was the fiBeaverton OR 97075              503/641-8088  Brian/PatriciaQ20: What belongs in the unpopulated board area on a Kaypro?A: (Don Maslin, Don Kirkpatrick, Peter A. Schuman)   A clock and modem go there.  The modem is rather useless as it is   only 300 baud.  The clock/calendar is useful.  The Computer Journal,   issue 64, Nov./Dec. 1993, describes the installation procedure.   There is also an area on a 2X for a hard drive interface.  Q21: What is The Computer Journal?A: (Kevin Spears, Don Kilude   shells, aliases, I/O redirection, flow control, named directories,   search paths, custom menus, passwords, online help, and greater   command flexibility.  ZCPR3 can be found on many BBS and SIMTEL   mirrors.  The Z System commercial version is available for a nominal   fee from Jay Sage.  Further details can be found in the text "ZCPR3,   The Manual", by Richard Conn, ISBN 0-918432-59-6.    You can find a detailed history of the development of ZCPR and the Z   System in Jay Sage's column i instructions in one or two cycles, and running at 20MHz.  Zilog has   the rights to the design. The catch is that Zilog is currently not   planning to sell it as a chip.Q26: Anyone know a good source for cross assemblers?A: (Roger Hanscom)   There are a variety of sources for cross platform development tools.   The C Users' Group (1601 W. 23rd St., Suite 200, Lawrence, KS   66046-2700) has a library of software that includes all kinds of   development tools.  Source code is distributed with marate I/D space, and cache. There are small differences   between the Z800 preliminary spec and the final Z280 specification.   The Z180 was not an outgrowth of the Z800.  It was a joint effort   between Zilog and Hitachi.  The first two versions of the HD64180   were slightly different from the current Z180.  The current HD64180   and Z180 are identical, and both have flags in one of the control   registers to emulate the earlier versions.  The changes are mostly   bus timing, as the HD64180 was desCircuit Cellar BBS is on-line 24 hours per day with some cross   development tools, particularly for CPU's that are commonly used as   controllers.  They have a Courier HST running 2400/9600 bps at   203/871-0549, and another line that will do up to 14.4k bps (8N1) at   203/871-1988.  Both of these numbers are in Connecticut.   The Motorola BBS is in Austin, Texas, on 512/440-3733.  They have   downloadable cross development products mostly for the 68xx and   68xxx architectures.  Like the Circuit CThe   "Preliminary Product Specfication", Zilog part number DC6003-02,   documents the part.  According to the manual, the plans include a   40MHz part, but the time frame is uncertain.Q25: What is the KC80?A: (Ralph Becker-Szendy)   There was an announcement in the trade press about a deal between   Kawasaki Heavy Industries and Zilog. Kawasaki has developed   something called the KC80, which is a Z80 (no MMU, extended address   space, or 32-bit enhancements), but speeded up to execute most  n issue #54 of The Computer Journal.   This article celebrated the 10th anniversary of ZCPR, which was   first released on February 2, 1982.  His "ZCPR33 User's Guide" also   has a section on the history (it can be ordered from Jay for $10,   domestic shipping included).Q23: What ever happened to the Z800?A: (Ralph Becker-Szendy, Frank Zsitvay)   The Z800 was planned to be NMOS, and was finally implemented as the   Z280 in CMOS, five years late.  And it does have a 4kB/8kB paged   MMU, and sepany of them.   They charge $4/disk and $3.50 s&h per order, and can supply 3.5" or   5.25" DOS formats.  Those of you seeking assemblers or disassemblers   will be particularly interested in volumes number 398, 363 (2   disks), 348, 346 (2 disks), 338 (2 disks), 335 (4 disks), 316, 303,   and 292(4 disks).  They also market a CD-ROM of volumes 100 through   364 for $49.95 list (it can usually be found at computer shows for   $25 to $35).  They can be reached at 913/841-1631 FAX: 913/841-2624.   The igned to interface with Motorola   6800 style peripherals as well as Intel and Zilog, which wasn't too   strange since Hitachi second sources some Motorola 6800 series   products.Q24: What is the status of the Z380?A: (Ralph Becker-Szendy)   The Z380 is a 32-bit version binary-compatible upgrade of the   HD180.  The 18MHz part in the 100-pin QFP package is shipping.  The   plan for a PGA-package for the Z380 has been scrapped.  Zilog is   working on a 25MHz part, but it isn't quite ready yet.  ellar BBS, this BBS seems to   specialize in micro-controller development.  Many of these files can   also be accessed over the network on bode.ee.ualberta.ca   (129.128.16.96).   Don't forget to look in the old familiar places, such as   oak.oakland.edu and wuarchive.wustl.edu.   It is an unverified rumor that Walnut Creek CDROM (cdrom.com) has   some tools from some of the sources listed above on line on their   server.===================================================================== nners can read and learn.TELECONX.TXTSecond of Bart's NewsBytes captures. The US Government            unveils plans for a new BBS.README.002 This fileshipping included).Q23: What ever happened to the Z800?A: (Ralph Becker-Szendy, Frank Zsitvay)   The Z800 was planned to be NMOS, and was finally implemented as the   Z280 in CMOS, five years late.  And it does have a 4kB/8kB paged   MMU, and sepaÌ1 ×67ADAM News Network.Monthly Disk - November 1994Side 2.LOGO26.9-6 The LOGO Notebook part 26, by Ron Mitchell. LOGO procedure, a memory explore utility.MS-MINT.TXTA CP/M Tech echo capture from fellow CP/M devotee Stephen         Griswold. Watch out! Mr. Gates is coming.NOISE.DOC   Article from TRS LINK magazine, issue 13, describing how to       build a 'noise killer' and eliminate annoying modem line          garbage.PP2LOGO.TXTReceived from Bart Lynch.  Compuserve Message exchange        produces 6 issues per year and is available by subscription at the       following rates:        Canadian   -    1 year 32.00 US, 2 years 60.00 US         US         -    1 year 24.00 US, 2 years 44.00 US          Z-System Corner II         By Ron Mitchell      There was a programmer of wisdom      Who wrote a small patch for his system      The aim of the code was to make bugs explode,      But his T-CAP fell off and he missed 'em.      (Cue: groaning, laughter and applause)      XTFrom Paul Elshoff of the Keystone ADAM Users Group of             Winnipeg Manitoba. A suggested method of nailing down that        word that you can never remember how to spell. Neat               but simple Smartwriter trick.TCJ-002.TXT  Reprinted with permission from The Computer Journal, Lincoln      California, Bill Kibler Editor. Second in a series of             articles by Ron Mitchell on Z-System. Note, this is not for the ADAM specifically but is meant for CP/M users in general.  TDOS begiiForm.   22NICE is (like 22DISK) from Sydex. It emulates the application   program while translating all BDOS and BIOS calls into the   appropriate DOS calls.  This way, it's comparably fast and allows   for free use of the DOS file system (including paths). You are able   to map drive/user combinations to particular paths in the DOS file   system. The emulator can be configured for different emulation modes   (8080, Z80, and automatic detection) and different terminal   emulations. There are two rÌ1 ×77      Editor's Note: If the following article is used in any ADAM User       Group Newsletter, the following notice is to be reprinted with the       article.      This article is reprinted with permission from Mr.  Bill Kibler,       Editor of the Computer Journal, Post Office Box, 535, Lincoln       California, 95648-0535, USA. The Computer Journal offers a wide       variety of Programming and User Support for hobbyists and       specializes in providing information on 8-bit computing. TCJ           between Chris Braymen and Patricia Herrington. Chris tells        Patricia an "easy" way to convert Powerpaint graphics to          LOGO.PSPCT9-6A.TXT A Computer's Perspective, by Ron Mitchell. Is this really what    your computer thinks of you?Q-CPM.TXTA FAQ (Frequently asked questions file) captured from             Internet's COMP.OS.CPM news group. Some valuable info.SNIGLETS Words you wish existed, you barbulating blithwapping              aquadextrous flannister you!SPELHINT.TNothing worse than suffering from an inadequate T-CAP, or TCAP       as it's more properly known, especially when you're trying to       write second grade limerics.  More about that later. (Not the       limerics, the TCAP)      I need to know who you are. There are numerous ways of       approaching this series of articles on Z-System. The best one will       find its way onto these pages only if I hear your comments and       questions.  If you are like the various groups of computer users      the first installment and       that will put us in good shape to really get down to the job at       hand in the next installment.      Off to a flying Start      At the outset, there are a couple of assumptions to be made.      1) You know where your CP/M disk is and you've booted it up       once or twice.      2) You have purchased Z-System (NZCOM or Z3PLUS) and you're       wondering what to do next.      3) You have an open mind and would like to know more about Z-       System.      on.ca      Or just plain old Snail Mail:               Apt. 1107,               210 Gloucester St.,               Ottawa Ontario               Canada               K2P 2K4      Finally if you'd like to check out one of the few PBBS 5.0 Bulletin       Boards operating on a Coleco ADAM, you can call (613) 230-9511.        The "Byteman" operates limited hours between 11pm and 5pm       daily, 11pm to 8am Saturday, Sunday and holidays. Parameters are       300/1200/2400 8N1.      One way or anot Z-System. That was       Joe Wright. More about him in a moment.      Somewhere in the mid eighties, when I had bought my first       implemtation of CP/M 2.2 I was after all the books on CP/M that I       could get my hands on. The manual that came with CP/M for my       system had one or two chapters right at the beginning that I       could understand. Then it took off into a netherworld of technical       explanation which really left me struggling. I came back to it later       and understoodmponent parts.       With this understanding under our belts, we'll be in a better       position to understand in future installments what Z-System  does       differently. While doing all of this we'll want to cover some general       groundrules having to do with syntax and how it is normally       expressed.            All of this is going to prepare us to actually load Z-system at the       beginning of the next session. Before we do, we have some       groundwork to complete that we began in  I've had the pleasure of knowing over the years, you have diverse       experience and various levels of knowledge. That in itself makes a       series like this somewhat difficult to write. If I make it too basic,       I'll lose the old hands. If I get too technical (assuming that I       could) the new people trying Z-System for the first time will get       up and leave. Can't win for losing.      I am on internet through the facilities of the Ottawa Freenet:               ac087@freenet.carletAlso, for the record let's get our products straight:      ZCPR2 and ZCPR3: Written by Richard Conn 1982 - 1984 (give or       take).      NZ-COM: written by Bridger Mitchell and Jay Sage; the docs are       dated 1988. This program is the Z-System for CP/M 2.2 machines.      Z3PLUS: written by Bridger Mitchell and Jay Sage. This is Z-       System for CP/M 3.0 or CP/M Plus systems.      The history has it that there was another individual deeply       involved in the transition between ZCPR andher, get in touch. I'm open to suggestion on the       content, level of difficulty, and format of these articles. I'd also       like to hear some of your experiences with Z-System and how       you're using it.      Unfinished Business      There are items of business left from the last installment; we'll       pick them up here.  We'll begin by completing an overview of the       structure of the CP/M operating system and then follow with a       description of the role played by the various co it, but only with a little help from my friends.       There was a period of time when most of the CP/M 'newbies' on my       block were reacting much the same way. Those who had the nerve       to download one or two of the public domain offerings on local       BBS's ran up against the implementation problems of installing       something that was originally written for a Kaypro or an Osborne.       The terminl most of us used required Zenith/Heath emulation but       we didn't even know that, noruter. Yet, even after Z-       COM's success, it still appeared that Z-System could never run on       a CP/M-Plus computer with its radically different command       processor and banked memory operating system. Z3Plus proves       otherwise."      The preface goes on to state the contributions of Bridger Mitchell       and Jay Sage in the development of Z-System. Bridger made the       systems universal. He developed the ZRL file format and loader       which would allow a single file to adapt to desk a copy of "The Soul       of CP/M" (Mitchell Waite, Robert Lafore - Waite Group - Howard W.        Samms, 3rd printing, 1986 - ISBN 0-672-22030X ) asked me if I'd       installed ZCPR yet. When I said no, he more or less intimated that       I would not a true CP/M user unless and until I did. He added       that if I could get ZCPR up and running on my Coleco ADAM I       could credit myself with the equivalent of a degree in computer       science.      Knowing what I know now, I suspect thcall them what you will. In the last installment we broke       down briefly what these memory locations might be used for. You       might even have more than 64K. You might have 128K, and perhaps       your processor, the Z80, is capable of looking only at 64K at a       time, so you're into bank switching. But let's not get too       complicated.      Consider the work that has to be done when you sit down in front       of your system to make an immensely significant contribution to       the wThen       there would have been the joys of adapting the system to       different combinations of hardware.  It was all possible, but you       had to know what you were doing.      Enter Joe Wright. The preface to the Z3PLUS describes it this       way:      "Joe Wright brought automatic operation. It was he who first       conceived of and demonstrated with Z-COM what many deemed       impossible - a version of Z-System that would install itself       automatically on almost any CP/M 2.2 comp the meaning of the word 'patch'.      The early documentation seemed to be written for people who       already knew what they were doing, and certainly I was not alone        in making this assessment. It took some time spent in reading, re-       reading, thinking about, and asking just to arrive at the level of       understanding I have now. And that is by no means complete.       There are always new things to learn.      Some Help from my Friends      A friend of mine one day, spying on my any Z-System. Jay Sage       added what the preface describes as "dynamics", the ability of the       operating system to change its size and characteristics to suit the       need at hand, right in the middle of a command line if necessary.      As this series goes on, we will come to appreciate these things       more and more.      The Basics      For the moment, let's continue with the basics. In your computer       there is memory, probably 65,536 places, pidgeon holes, empty       boxes, at he may have been quite       right. It seems to me that installation of ZCPR would have required       a knowledge of Z80 assembly language even though most of the       code files I've since seen are more than well commented. It       certainly would have required knowledge of how to use an       assembler, linker, loader, and libraries of standard routines.  And       it would have necessitated full knowlege of the size of one's own       system and how to generate replacement versions of CP/M. orld of computing. No matter what you're trying to do, it's       quite likely that you will want the following capabilities:              -    to output a character to some sort of display device.                                 -    to receive information (characters) from the                    keyboard or some other type of input device.              -    input and output of data from and to a storage                    media; disks, tapes, hard drives, etc.                         The list ggisters for the data which the routine has       provided. Perhaps this particular routine will be called several       times so as to get, for example all the characters, one at a time,        that a user types before typing a return.      The BIOS is one major portion of CP/M. There is also a 'System       Parameter' area, the BDOS and the CCP. The more you rub       shoulders with CP/M folk, the more you'll hear these terms being       bandied about.      The System Parameter area is ofter refe    running program); 3) Devices; and 4) Information.      Author Richard Conn talks about memory management, process       management and device management. CP/M doesn't do much about       the first two. It doesn't allocate memory, and since there is only       one processor there is really not much in this realm to manage.        Where CP/M excels is in the area of device management. No matter       what you've got hooked up, CP/M creates a standard way of       looking at the peripherals. The prment. It allows you to select a disk, create a       file, open a file close a file, rename a file, delete a file, set the       memory address in the computer to which data is written, and read       or write a block from a file.      Now when I first read all of this, it seemed to me that there       wasn't anything very sexy about any of it. It's very boring stuff,       but when you think about it, it's absolutely essential to anything       might want to do with your computer. The better you kn   parameters are needed as input, and what information or       parameters are returned by the function when it has done its job.       It's sometimes referred to as a 'black box' mode of operation.      Since this is not a course in CP/M we'll stop right there.       Essentially the process is to use assembly language to load certain       registers in the Z80 processor with the values required by the       particular routine being called. You then call the routine and check       certain other reoes on. But no matter what type of application you're       using or what program you might be writing, your job can usually       be broken down into some very simple tasks involving the       movement, management and processing of data. And the plain fact       is that the contents of your computer's memory is one of two       things: data or instructions.      The ZCPR3 Manual makes the picture a little more detailed. It talks       about 1) Memory; 2) Processors and Processes (a process is a   rred to as Page Zero or       the first 256 memory locations between 0000H and 0100H. This area       is reserved by CP/M for certain vital information about where       various elements of the system are located. That's probably       oversimplifying it somewhat, but it'll do for the moment. Needless       to say we don't write anything into page zero unless we're firmly       convinced that we know what we're doing.      The BASIC DISK OPERATING SYSTEM or BDOS looks after       information manageogrammer doesn't have to know       how the individual device drivers work. All he has to know is that       they are all accessed through the standard BIOS or BASIC       INPUT/OUTPUT SYSTEM. There is a jump table of instructions       located at the beginning of the BIOS. Each entry in the table is 3       bytes long, and no matter what CP/M system is being used, the       functions are always in the same order. The programmer needs       only to know what the functions do, what information or    ow the       structure of CP/M, the more you'll appreciate the Z-System       enhancements which we'll start talking about in a moment or two       (honest).      The BDOS provides 37 standard functions. Any good book on CP/M       lists them, and describes the paramenters they need and the       registers they use for input and output. I can spend more time       with this in future articles if there proves to be a need. Most       beginner's courses on assembly language programming that use the lls it the "human       interface."      In fact the CCP under vanilla CP/M is not very smart. It only       knows six words. These are the six that we talked about in       installment 1:      DIR ERA REN USER SAVE TYPE      That's it, that's all.      Type something else:      EH      EH is not one of the six built in commands, so the, the CCP       assumes that you're looking for a program name on the disk and       goes to look there for a directory entry that matches what you       ty with such small steps. What you have to remember is that       the Z-80 processor is performing these small steps at a very fast       pace. You won't have time to eat your lunch while you're       watching. So it dawned that each job that a computer does is made       up of very deliberate single steps. Go get an underline character       80 times and presto, you have a line across the screen. Repeat       that process 4 or 5 times and you have a thicker line.      Moving along, we've talked brief                 |           | CP/M 2.2 BDOS       |       ----|----------------------  CCP+0800H           |                     |           | CP/M 2.2 CCP        |         TPA |----------------------   CCP BASE             |                     |           | Scratch area        |       ----|----------------------       100H           |                     |           | CP/M Buffers et al  |           |----------------------         0H            Here's To the Relatives      There are two thAnd       Page Zero doesn't really put up a sign saying, "Please Stay Out!"       In fact all you get is:       A>      Perhaps if you're a Canadian we should rewrite that:      EH>      And there you and your computer sit, staring at one another.       There are two things required for anything further to happen.       Your command and another part of CP/M known as the CONSOLE       COMMAND PROCESSOR or CCP. The CCP, as the cliche goes, is       where the rubber hits the road. Richard Conn ca      CP/M operating system start you out by having you write a Z-80       program that simply puts 1 character on the screen. Not much you       say, but crawling is best mastered before walking and running.      One of the concepts I had a great deal of difficulty with at the       beginning was that most of these functions do their thing either 1       byte at a time or some very small group of bytes at a time. It was       difficult to see how anything of substance was going to be       achievedped. If it finds one it attempts to run a program by that name.       If it does not it comes back to the screen and types your command       followed by a question mark.      A> EH?      Filling up the Memory      So let's recap. The diagram you'll no doubt see in your favourite       CP/M text might look like this:           -----------------------High Memory           |                     |           | BIOS                |           |---------------------- BDOS+0E00H           |    ly about Page Zero and the BIOS       and the BDOS. I would really like to recommend that you find and       read a good introductory text on CP/M in conjunction with this       series. I've got two here that are constant companions: "The Soul       of CP/M" referred to earlier, and another called "Mastering CP/M"       by Alan R. Miller (Sybex 1983 ISBN 0-89588-068-7)      You'll find that when you've got CP/M booted, the BIOS and BDOS       don't jump right up and introduce themselves right away. ings to get used to here. The first is the       expression of various points in memory in relative terms. In other       words, the beginning of the BDOS is 800 Hex bytes above the       beginning of the CCP. Why not express it as a fixed memory       address? Well, you might have 64K of memory available, or 48K or       something else.  Addresses may vary from one machine to the       next, but the relative positioning of the start of each segment is       the same. The area between 0100H and the b optional. That is, you can leave       it out without affecting the operation of the command or program.      4) DU: or du: stands for drive/user. So if you see A0:FIDLEFUD.COM       tat would be a .COM file named FIDLEFUD located on drive A: user       area 0.      5) outfil or outfile and infil or infile usually require you to       substitute the names of your input and output files in the order       specified.      6) and of course if you remember highschool math you know that:          sed me difficulty.       That was the notation that CP/M writers used to convey       generalized forms of specific instructions. This type of notation       is not confined to CP/M nor solely to the field of computer       science. To illustrate, you might see something like this:      PIP destination=source#1,source#2,...,source #n      or      MLOAD [<outnam=>][ <file1.type>, ] <file2>[, <file3...>] [bias]      or something as simple as:      COPY [du:] afn [du:]      Again, we're going tin good faith are       enough to send us away forever. We might never be back.       Exit, Stage Left            This seems like a good place to stop. During this installment and       the last one, we've dealt as much with CP/M 2.2 in its 'vanilla'       state as we have with Z-System. From here on in that will change.       In the next article we'll begin with a discussion of some of the       advantages of Z-System, and we'll re-draw the memory map that       appeared here to show you how Z-Syy just       say what they mean? A filname that contains wildcard characters,       or a filename that does not contain wildcard characters.      2) Information contained within angle braces <> is information       that must be typed exactly? Well no, not exactly. As far as I can       tell it means something more along the lines of .... fill in the       blanks with your own information.      3) Most always, information contained in square brackets [] means       that the information specified iseginning of the BDOS       is known as the Transient Program area or TPA. The larger your       TPA, the larger the application you can run.      The second thing to get used to is the expression of memory       locations in hexidecimal rather than decimal. You can convert the       values if you wish, but you'll find that most people don't in this       world. Hexidecimal arithmetic more closely matches the 8 bit setup       within the computer.      There is another aspect of the basics that cau       file#1,file#2,file#3,......,file#n      means keep adding filenames to fill your boots.... as many as you       have need to process, or until you fill up the comand line buffer.      The value #n is meant to refer to the last one in the list of       files to be processes, however many there might be.       You old hands may laugh, but you'd be surprised how easily we of       the novice category become confused. Sometimes several strings of       this type of notation written and intended o use this notation because it's fairly       standard among CP/M users, I certainly can't think of anything       better. There are the following general rules:      1) AFN and UFN stand respectively for ambiguous filename and       unambiguous filename. You have no idea how long it took me to       figure this out. It may well be printed in several places at the       beginning of each and every CP/M text I own, but the moment I see       either one I'm infuriated. Question: why the heck don't thestem adds to the capabilities       available while retaining compatability with CP/M.       We'll also have some information for you on the various sources of       assistance available for Z-System users.  There's a lot of help       out there even yet. And finally, we'll get back to and take care of       the problem of the inadequate TCAP. aypro or an Osborne.       The terminl most of us used required Zenith/Heath emulation but       we didn't even know that, nor telecenter use; reports and studies on costs and benefits of telecommuting; impacts on transportation, environment and energy ...tap Return to continue, 'X' to exit... use; tools and techniques, such as work agreements, survey instruments, training and evaluation materials and other practical documents; bibliographies on the topic; and e-mail (electronic-mail) forums on related topics.Warren Master of the GSA Office of Workplace Initiatives, told Newsbytes the official list of covered subjects does not eÌ1 ×68Editor's Note: The following is an exerpt from NewsBytes Magazine uploaded by Bart Lynch. NewsBytes has been around the online scene for some time. It's available on both sides of the border and offers an international perspective on a wide variety of current computer topics. From time to time as some of the pieces will appear here, we'll put them out just to see who's interested.Newsletter Editor's NB:  I'm not at all sure of the copyright status of this material. If you use it, you'd better quoteained. "Right now the single biggest obstacle to telecommuting is first- and second-level midline managers. The government has over two million employees, and not more than 2,000 of them telecommute -- less than a tenth of one percent."He compared the situation with telecommuting with that of flexible ...tap Return to continue, 'X' to exit... work hours 10 or 20 years ago."Many of them (managers) took an 'over my dead body' attitude to flex time then," Master said. "Now we have 55 percent of the work foe the new BBS will be only the first of a network of public and private telecommuting information BBSes.            Called the TELECONX BBS (for "tele-connects BBS"), GSA bills the board as "the Federal Telecommuting Connection."GSA said the system offers a variety of information on telecommuting, including:Resource lists of experts; contacts for information exchange; policy and program choices, including examples of federal, state and private-sector telecommuting initiatives, such as work-at- home and the meaning of the word 'patch'.      The early documentation seemed to be written for people who       already knew what they were doing, and certainly I was not alone        in making this assessment. It took some time spent in reading, re-       reading, thinking about, and asking just to arrive at the level of       understanding I have now. And that is by no means complete.       There are always new things to learn.      Some Help from my Friends      A friend of mine one day, spying on myxhaust the board's content. He cited files on setting up a home office, electrical or electronic wiring requirement, what laws apply to federal agencies, how to pay telecommuting employees, how to keep track of their work, how to link into mainframes, video conferencing technology, home office ergonomics, telecommuting center layout, and even what type of furniture works best."It's aimed primarily at government employees for the time being, though much of it applies to the private sector as well," he expl the source and give credit to individual authors where applicable.----------------------------------------------------------------(NEWS)(GOVT)(LAX)(00028)GSA Launches "TELECONX" Telecommuting BBS 11/04/94 WASHINGTON, D.C., U.S.A., 1994 NOV 4 (NB) -- The US General Services Administration (GSA), convinced at least at higher levels that telecommuting is a good idea, has established a new BBS (dial-up bulletin board system) to promote discussion and help distribute information. GSA sources said they hoprce flexing, and that suggests that somehow or other, we worked it out. We can do the same thing for people who work at home or at a center," he declared.Master said he sees the BBS as a pilot project, but also as a "mechanism to pique interest and awareness" of the possibility of telecommuting. He said more lines will be added to the BBS if public usage warrants."The long-term prospect for this is to serve as a national BBS, available by local call through the internet," Master said. "I would envision ith your toes.

Blithwapping - v. Using anything BUT a hammer to hammer a nail into the
wall, such as shoes, lamp bases, doorstops, etc.

Burbulation - n. The obsessive act of opening and closing a
refrigerator door in an attempt to catch it before the automatic
light comes on.

Carperpetuation (kar' pur pet u a shun) - n. The act, when vacuuming,
of running over a string at least a dozen times, reaching over and
picking it up, examining it, then putting it back down to give the
vacuum one more warren.master@gsa.gov; Reader Contact: Phil Labonte, TELECONX systom operator (SysOp), 202-273-4665, or e-mail, Internet: phil.labonte@gsa.gov; or TELECONX BBS, 202-501-7741)       files to be processes, however many there might be.       You old hands may laugh, but you'd be surprised how easily we of       the novice category become confused. Sometimes several strings of       this type of notation written and intended to wander through a maze of ropes at an airport
or bank even when you are the only person in line.

Genderplex - n. The predicament of a person in a restaurant who is
unable to determine his or her designated restroom (e.g. turtles and
tortoises).

Gleemites - n. Petrified deposits of toothpaste found in sinks.

Gurmlish - n. The red warning flag at the top of a club sandwich
which prevents the person from biting into it and puncturing the
roof of his mouth.

Idiot Box - n. The part of the enveEditor's Note: I uncovered this piece of trivia on a local Ottawa 
R/CPM run by Ian Cottrell, author of PBBS 5.0, the BBS program 
that some of use in the ADAM world. My thanks to Ian for 
supplying this material.


                             --------
                           | SNIGLETS |
                             --------

Sniglet \snig'lit\ n. Any word that doesn't appear in the dictionary,
but should.

Aquadextrous - adj. Possessing the ability to turn the bathtub faucet
on and off wmost metropolitan areas will establish their own BBS systems eventually. We'd link them up so everyone could share the information equally."To call the BBS, set 8 data bits, no parity, 1 stop bit and call 202-501-7741. To access it on the Internet, telnet fedworld.gov, then select Teleconx, currently number 56 on the gateway, Master ...tap Return to continue, 'X' to exit... said.(Craig Menefee/19941104/Press Contact: Steve Guiheen, GSA, 202- 501-1231; or Warren Master, 202-273-4660 or e-mail, Internet: chance.

Magnocartic - n. Any automobile that, when left unattended, attracts
shopping carts.

Cinemuck - n. The combination of popcorn, soda, and melted chocolate
which covers the floors of movie theaters.

Elbonics - n. The actions of two people maneuvering for one armrest
in a movie theatre.

Flannister - n. The plastic yoke that holds a six-pack of beer
together.

Fenderberg - n. The large glacial deposits that form on the insides
of car fenders during snowstorms.

Furbling - v. Having in good faith are       enough to send us away forever. We might never be back.       Exit, Stage Left            This seems like a good place to stop. During this installment and       the last one, we've dealt as much with CP/M 2.2 in its 'vanilla'       state as we have with Z-System. From here on in that will change.       In the next article we'll begin with a discussion of some of the       advantages of Z-System, and we'll re-draw the memory map that       appeared here to show you how Z-Sylope that tells a person where to
place the stamp when they can't quite figure it out for themselves.

Krogt - n. (chemical symbol: Kr) The metallic silver coating found
on fast-food game cards.

Lactomangulation - n. Manhandling the open here spout on a milk
carton so badly that one has to resort to using the illegal side.

Mittsquinter - n. A ballplayer who looks into his glove after
missing the ball, as if, somehow, the cause of the error lies there.

Mustgo - n. Any item of food that has beein good faith are       enough to send us away forever. We might never be back.       Exit, Stage Left            This seems like a good place to stop. During this installment and       the last one, we've dealt as much with CP/M 2.2 in its 'vanilla'       state as we have with Z-System. From here on in that will change.       In the next article we'll begin with a discussion of some of the       advantages of Z-System, and we'll re-draw the memory map that       appeared here to show you how Z-Synym: Plus If You Act Now) Any
miscellaneous item thrown in on a late night television ad.

Purpitation - v. To take something off the grocery shelf, decide you
don't want it, and then put it in another section.

Scribline - n. The blank area on the back of credit cards where
one's signature goes.

Slurm - n. The slime that accumulates on the underside of a soap bar
when it sits in the dish too long.

Spagmumps - n. Any of the millions of Styrofoam wads that accompany
mail-order items.

Spirobp while using the word processor?That time is now OVER, thanks to the Adam SmartWriter (c) and the "SEARCH" key! establishes who wrote the original in the first place.When you run into "that word", simply replace it with XX and continue along your merry way.  Once you're done with your document, go back to the top and do a "SEARCH" for XX.  When Adam finds it, enter the REAL word, and hit SmartKey V, "REPLACE ALL". Adam will then go through the entire document, replacing all the XX's with whichever wordrator in hopes
that something new will have materialized.

Yinkel - n. A person who combs his hair over his bald spot, hoping
no one will notice.

Nugloo (nug' lew) - n. Single continuous eyebrow that covers the
entire forehead.
       files to be processes, however many there might be.       You old hands may laugh, but you'd be surprised how easily we of       the novice category become confused. Sometimes several strings of       this type of notation written and intended n sitting in the
refrigerator so long it has become a science project.

Narcolepulacy (nar ko lep' ul ah see) - n. The cantagious action of
yawning, causing everyone in sight to also yawn.

Pediddel - n. A car with only one working headlight.

Petribar - n. Any sun-bleached prehistoric candy that has been
sitting in the window of a vending machine too long.

Phosflink - v. To flick a bulb on and off when it burns out (as if,
somehow, that will bring it back to life).

PIYAN (pi' an) - n. (acroÌ1 ×67Editor's Note: The following article was received via FIDOnet from Paul Elshoff, a long time ADAMite in Winnipeg. Paul is President of the Keystone ADAM Users Group, probably the largest AUG left in Canada.Subject: ANN articleI hereby grant first serialization rights to the following to ANN.  All other rights retained by the author.**************************Have you ever had the experience of having a word you NEVER spell correctly, and had to pause (losing your train of thought) to look it uits - n. The frayed bits of left-behind paper in a spiral
notebook.

Spirtle - n. The fine stream from a grapefruit that always lands
right in your eye.

Squatcho - n. The button at the top of a baseball cap.

Telepression - n. The deep-seated guilt which stems from knowing
that you did not try hard enough to look up the number on your
own and instead put the burden on the directory assistant.

Snacktrek - n. The peculiar habit, when searching for a snack, of
constantly returning to the refrige it is you have trouble with.Got TWO "trouble words"?  Use XX for one, and YY for the next.  Third word is ZZ and so on.  (just remember which is which, and that you have to go back to the beginning and do a separate search/replace for each one.)This is also a good way to do "form letters".  Do up the original, using the XX in place of the name, then store it on tape or disk.  When you wish to print out a copy, bring it into the workspace from tape or disk, and do a search/replace to change the XX to th/¦ö€wñ!.wþÂ !&~öw>Ã® þÂ® 6 !&~öw> ·ÉÅÍB>Ê$!Í` !.~þ ÂÑ Íh ÒÁ >Ã$!þ+ÊÞ þ-Âä Íh ÚÌ ÍG$Ú"!æo&åÍh áÚÌ ÍG$Ú!æÍÂ%Ú!Í›%…o|ÎgÚ!òï >Ã$!ëÌ¼$ëÁ¯É>Á7ÉáãëÍ° ëáãs#rÚZÉáãëÍ° ëáãs#r!ÚJ!+ãéáãëÍ` ÍBÊ !&~æÂÍ~æÂG Íh ÃX!áãëÍ` >Ã[æþåÒˆ!ÍK*ÃŽ!!)Í°áÐ>ÉÍ˜&Ð>É!&~æÊæ!!,~!0ÕWÂÅ!Í“!þÊÙ!þÂµ!ÃÙ!Í“!w#þÊÖ!þÂ±!+6{Ñ!(w!/6!/~4!0…o|Îg~·À>ÉÍ<}æÀå!&~áæÈÍæÀ.ÉÍ<}æÀÍæÀ.ÉÅå!&~æÊI"!,~!0Íß"!(w!/6!/~4!0…o|Îg~áÁ·À>É:€<<!(w#6!/6!0Õë!€G# them was counted as an error, costing marks.  (YOU try remembering the proper spelling of "Vesipoubolous"!)  (grin)Happy Adaming!Paul Elshoff on a milk
carton so badly that one has to resort to using the illegal side.

Mittsquinter - n. A ballplayer who looks into his glove after
missing the ball, as if, somehow, the cause of the error lies there.

Mustgo - n. Any item of food that has beex$ëKéÿÿ~Í”$Í`$Òˆ$?ÉÕ©Wæª_Wæ¨Ozæà«Gzæð©OÑÉy/Ox/GÉ{/_z/WÉëÍ¼$ëÍ½$|µÀÉ·zW{_Éõ{ÕÍ÷$ãõ|Í÷$Wñ„_Òí$}á„gÒõ$ñÉbj‡Ò%	ŠÈ)Ú%Ã%·õ{‘z˜Ò"%ëÅÍ%%_Í(%_ÁñÉñ7ÉÍ´$zS	È)ÚF%‡Ò7%#å	Ú@%áÃ,%33<Ã,%ÒK%#	Ã,%åÕÅ~#x±ÂR%ÁÑáÉåÕÅ	ë	+wx±Âf%ÁÑáÉÅ
ð¯)¹Ú%‘#úy%·ÁÉÅÕëÍt%|µÂ%xëÑÁÉÕT]))ÑÉÍÂ%Ú¶%Í›%æ…oÐ$È?ÉÍ›%æ…o?Ø$7ÉÅG}Öš|Þ?xÁÉÍ&Øþ ÊÎ%!Í&Úé#))))µoÍ&ÒÚ%ÉÍ*$|Íõ%}õÍþ%ñÍ&ÃÌ#ÍN$ØþG?ØþAÚ&ÖæÉæÆ'Î@'ÉÍÃ#ØÍ…#Ãé#Í&ØÈþ Ê)&Ãé#õ>=ÍÌ#ñÉõ>-ÍÌ#ñÉÅG:3GÍ7$úM&ÁÉõÅ:3·Êj&Ox/¡<€ÍF&ÁñÉõÅÃZ&õÅÃZ&õåÍt%ÉCON:        áãë!&~ÍBÊ æþÒ,ÃÒ-áÁÑã!ãåÍBÊ ÅÍäáæþÐÍ×-Øáã!ãé>ÃZáãëÍ	ÂÚ-áã-Íßáã}ÃáãëÍ	Â Ú5!.~ÃáãëÍ	Â Ú5>ÅOå!&>/¦wæþÒ+Ím*Ã1!)Í°áyÁÉáãëÍ	Â Ú5ÉáãëÍ	Â Ú5>Í>
Í!&~öwÉáãëÍ	Â Ú5~æÌN>ÃTRUE FALSEáÑÁñå!xÚ!}ãÅÃ›áÑÁåÍ	ÂÚ-áã|·ÂÄµÊËåÅÍ´$	ÁEáÚ¿M¯GáãÃÎ>áãÃZáãÉåhÍßáÈ~#ÍÃÕ> -øÍÃááãëÍ	ÂÚ-áÁãëz·õò Í¼$Íˆ%GyëÚ åoÍßáñ>-üõåÍt%õ|µÄ ñáÆ0ÍñÉáãëÍ` !.~áãwÃA áãëÍBÊ !&~æ€Ìh !&>€/¦wæÈÃÍ!&~æÀ!&~æ7ÀÍy!þ
Êq õ!&>e name.This has one drawback, though.  Once you've replaced the XX with a name, you have to change THAT name to the NEXT one for subsequent printouts.  Still, for short lists it's as good as using the SmartFiler and a letter format, especially if the name(s) you're using aren't on a current database.I developed the above technique for my papers in my life underwriter's course, as it dealt with a number of names, many of which were difficult to remember the correct spelling for, and a spelling mistake onÊ‹"~#Ã€"ë6#6ÑÉÅå!&~æ!/~Â¥"4ÃO"ÅåÍš!áÁÉÍØõþ
Ê¿"ñÉñ>Éå&Û.Éålgyå!9ÍÞ"áááÉå&ÓÃÆ"éÅÕGÍî#Íî#xõåGÍÃ#þÊ}#þÂ#!Íî#Íî#Í*$áñÃî"þÂ*#\Íî#Íî#Êó"+Ãó"þÂH#Êó"Íî# Íî#Íî#+Ã0#þ	Ês#þÂa#Âó" Íî#>Ãs#þÂn#Âó"Ãþ Úó"w#Âó"Í*$6záÑÑÁÉþa?Ðþ{ÐÆàÉÍ #=Â#Éõ>ÆÍ#ñÉõ>°=Â£#ñÉ‡‡‡‡…oÐ$ÉÍ¬#õ~#foñéÍØæÉÍ¼#ØþÊ*$ÅO<æþ!Úä#:3G:2æ=¸Ü*$Íî#ÁØþ7?Éå!3Íù#áÃ	y<æþ	Â$+¶#ð~·È5Éþ!Ò$ÖÊ$É~<wÉÍ*$õ~#·Ê5$ÍÌ#Ã$õ>ÍÌ#>
ÍÌ#ñÉõ> ÍÌ#ñÉõ>
Í#ñÉþ:?Øþ0ÉÍG$ÐþAØþ[?ÐþaØþ{?É#|µ7È{•zœÉ!ÿ$~/w¾/wÂm$D$~/w¾/wÊn sitting in the
refrigerator so long it has become a science project.

Narcolepulacy (nar ko lep' ul ah see) - n. The cantagious action of
yawning, causing everyone in sight to also yawn.

Pediddel - n. A car with only one working headlight.

Petribar - n. Any sun-bleached prehistoric candy that has been
sitting in the window of a vending machine too long.

Phosflink - v. To flick a bulb on and off when it burns out (as if,
somehow, that will bring it back to life).

PIYAN (pi' an) - n. (acroõ|µÄ{&ñáÆ0ñÉ>.ÅÉÅÉõåÍt%õ|µÄš&ñáÆ0Í&ÌŽ&ñÉÕÍš&ÑÉ=øÕW> Í&ò¿&ÑÉÍ˜&þ ÊÊ&·ÊÊ&!ÍG$Òá&¿ÉÍ¤%Úù&Í˜&·Êç&ÍG$Òá&·ÉÍ¤%Í˜&·Êù&ÍG$Òö&Éáã:Æ9æ€´g"Å9ÉÑ*Å9ãëéÑ*¹9ãëéáÑãëæþÒ='·Ê='Æ@w#6:#þ ÊU'w#Â@'6.#Ã^'6.#ÂY'w#Â`'6 #Âi'ÉÁÑá{·Ê…'||g}oÂy'ãÅÉÁÑá{·Ê›'·|g}oÂ'ãÅÉÁÑá{·Ê«')Â¦'ãÅÉáãë>Í$0/Íá'>Í$Íá' >Í$Íá' :>Í$Íá'>Í$0 o&þ
Òì'yÍó'xÉõåÍt%õ|µÄó'ñáÆ0ñÉáÑÁã|}¯ÉÑáÁaãÕÉáãõÅÕ½9~#Â%(>ÿ2¼9ÑÁñÉáÑãÕ}ëF#NÍ”$áp#qÉáã|µÈÍ˜#ÂN(+ÃI(áÁÑã}áãëÍ‰(ãåÉáÁÑã}áãëÍ¹(ãåÉøWx±zÈ>¯W_Éò€0Öú€0ÖÂš0zÖ€7À³È7É?Øgzõö€WÍÑ$$ú¢0ñ·ðÃ¼$ÅåÕåÿhz·ò½0AÍ/Í{0ÚË0ÁÁÃ.ÑbÑÃ.Å@|·Ê/1þ‘Òø0|þŽÒø0þ{?Úñ0xÖGÍ’.Üw.ÃÞ0|þ‘Ú1þ£Ú
1xÆGÍœ.Ü….Ãø0zæ€°Gzö€W|ÖgÊ,1ÍÑ$$ú!1Ò,1`ÁÉW_`ÁÉõÅåæþÒ\1O|æÖ@ò\1GëÍt%úJ1þÚX1#ëÃ?1ÁiÁñÉ|·> òj1>-Í&|æÖ@gú•1ëÍš&È>0Í&ÊŽ&zþÚ{1>EÍ&j&Ã³&Íˆ%ë_zþ÷Ò´1ƒ/<WÍŽ&Í³&>EÍ&>-ÃŒ1ƒú¾1ÌŽ&Ãš&_ÍŽ&>0Í&úÂ1Ã³&ÅÕåõæÂý1Íˆ%oñæp_|æÖ@úñ1<»Òþ1¯…òö1¯/<ƒÍ»&õñáÑÁÉ>ÅÕåõÍÑ0ñÍ41ÍÎ1Ía1·Ãþ1Í˜&þ Ê2þ+Ê2ÍG$!@Ò2þ.ÊE2þ-7oÀÍ2õzî€WñÉÍ˜&ÍG$Òr2o7ÉÍ˜&ÍG$ÒQ2þ.Â©2Í˜&ÍG$Ú©2ÍÂ%Ú`2Í›%æ…o|ÎgÒ`2!ÿ…o|Îgq!/4yð!0Í§)yÉÍÃ)!/~4·ò¹*6ÍÒ)Ê¹*!&~öwÉÍÒ*~!0	w!*y–#xžÚž*É¯!*ÅN#F!0	Á…oÐ$É!*~#¶È!&~ö w!/~æwÍÒ*å!0	~áw!/4ò4+¯wÍ¤)!&~æþÌN+!&>€/¦w>ÚZ!*y–#xžÚð*ÉÍÑ*>€6#=ÂF+É>$Í¦>!Í¦·ÄA+!&~öwÉ!$~·ÈG¯w!	6 #6 #6 !€Nå#ÅG	Áwá#È~þ(Â‰+Ê¥+#È~þ)Èþ,Ê’+Ã–+#È~þ Ê¥+þ,Èþ)ÈÈÃ·!"¹9"»9!€>[NÈ#¾ÂÊ+È#~þ ÊÑ+ÍG$Øëæo&ÈÍG$Úü+Í›%æ…o|ÎgÃä+þ]Ê,þ ÀÈÃü+"¹9}æ2»9É!&~æÀÍe+!/6€ÍqÒ<,Íì,ÂI,!&>@¶w7Éö!&)Í°!&~öwÉ*£9^#V!&~æÈæþÚr,!6)Í°Ãx,~æ Ä‚,!&>/¦|·ÌqØzÜqØÅååBK5!Í/Õåµ&Í/ÁhÁÍç.ÕåBKlÍ¦.Ó4Íô4ÁhÁÍ¦.BKlÑzÖÍ40Í/.€Ãï/€È{‚¦8Åå!.Í€4Ô¦.Ã‚3Åår1.€Ãá4Åå
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_ÁÍh ÑáÉÍ` !‹7å&Ãjåcå!9DM!.~Í2õÁ|ááágÅñÉáÑÕåÍBÊÍ›7Dáãáãõx·ÂÚ7W_6#w#s#rgñÐ·>òZ$%>	ÊZ>
ÃZáÑÕåÍBÊÍ›7Dáãáãõx·Â8W_6#w#s#rgñ!Ò"8#ÑãëéåÕ
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gë&Ãjåcå!9DMÍ2|áLáEáá6#w#s#rPYáëÍ½$ëás#rÉáÑÁã|     *
; ****************************************************
;
; ****************************************************
; * Copyright (C) 1983                               *
; *                                                  *
; *   C.B. Falconer, Yale University (203) 785-2447  *
; *   Room 6016CB, School of Medicine,               *
; *   789 Howard Ave., New Haven, Conn. 06504        *
; *                                                  *
; * All rights reserved.                             é*é*é*!é*$é*'éÃÃ!	"y¯2s2t>(2uÍÝ>2s>2t>2uÍÝÉ:sOÍƒ:tO<2tÍ‹*yå€"yÁÍ“¯2{:{þÚ!åÍnÍIþÂ)Í^Ã6<2{:x·Ê/Í£Ã2Í›·Â!u5ÂäÉ1¼!;Ín:]þ Êœ\Í°<Âb!EÍiÃ)¯2|Å\Í«Á·Â“Âh!	åDMÍ“\Í«á·Ââ€Ã{!\ÍiÃ)!QÍiÍIþÊâÖAþÚ·Í4ÃœÆA2ÖAÍzÍ^!wÍnÍIþÂ)Í^¯2xÍµ!Ín!•ÍiÍIþÊ)ÖAþÚýÍ4ÃâÆA2ÑÖAÍz!ÂÍiÍIþÂ)Í^!x6Íµ!ÍnÃâ>ÍzÍ^Ã!ÍiÉKAYPRO SYSGEN VER 2.2SOURCE DRIVE NAME (OR RETURN TO SKIP)SOURCE ONnsole
;			output swallowing any system type-ahead buffers.
;			Used one place only, thus field patchable.
;			0 = always enabled, 3 = never enabled
;			1 = even values enabled (Yale systems)
;			2 = 0 & 1 enabled (Kaypro)
;
;	    	***********************
	aseg;	* absolute values etc *
;	    	***********************
;
; CP/M definitions are entry points, for external use
; All that need be remembered is the mnemnonics.
	entry	@reboot
	entry	@cin, @cout, @rin, @pout, @lout
	entry	@cio, @getio, Ê@*Í¡Í. ÍÍÍ;Í£W!E¾Êý#Â¡
¾Êé#Â¬¾ÊÎ#Â·æÀþ@Ê´þ€Ê¥zæÇÖÊ–=Ê=Ê|zæÀÊJzæÊ?ÖÊ4ÖÊ)ÖÊzæÂzæ; ****************************************************
; * Used in run-time Pascal package (among others)   *
; * Provides generalized interface to CP/M and some  *
; * of the services normally available in the "MOS"  *
; * operating system and monitor.  The protected cpm *
; * calls provided generally do not destroy any un-  *
; * necessary registers.                        }áãës#rÉÁáÑzS_ñãÕÅÉáÁÑñã`Í:6ëãQXÕåÉáÑÁñãxCYJWÍk6MDëãÅåÐ>
òÁ8>	ÍZÉÁÑáñãÕÅÉáÑÁãë^#Vå×ÍÙ$…	Òä8ý?Í%ëár+sÕPYÍN0BKlÑÍN0Íç..ëãÕåÉáã^#Vs+rÉáã}óÐûÉáÁãqÉÑán&ãëéáÁã}ÃØ"áÁãyÍÃ"o&ãéÑáãëéáãé>Éáã¯w#w#w#wÉáã¯w#w#ÃE9ÃNÃNÑ!9s#rÑÁ&yÍ¦oãéÑ!9s#rÁÑ{&Í=oãé>ÃZÃ>COPYRIGHT (C) 1978, DIGITAL RESEARCH Portions (C) 1982, NLSo&)))))))ÉÍþaØþ{Ðæ_É_ÍÉ>ÍW>
ÍWÉåÍ^á~·ÈåÍWá#ÃnO**
; ****************************************************
;
; 28 Nov 1983 - cbf - re-organized for standardization
;               of system interfaces, and to eliminate
;               routines available in standard modules
;               utility0, utility1, utility2, inoutind,
;               readline, base10io, console, console2
;
true	equ	-1
false	equ	not true
mos	equ	false;	enable Yale Mos connection
dc3mask	equ	1;	mask iobyte to prevent dc3 tests
;			this prevents the dc3 pause test on co , THEN TYPE RETURNDESTINATION DRIVE NAME (OR RETURN TO REBOOT)DESTINATION ON , THEN TYPE RETURNPERMANENT ERROR, TYPE RETURN TO IGNOREFUNCTION COMPLETEINVALID DRIVE NAME (USE A, B, C, OR D)NO SOURCE FILE ON DISKSOURCE FILE INCOMPLETEÃzæ8ÉÍ‡O!B	NÍ#NÍ ÍÃÍæþÂ¾SÍPÃÍ.*|ÍÕ}ÍÕ ÍÍÉ!9":·Êq!ÿÿ"<Âq<2*Ã—ÍžÂ@!~·Êƒ5@setio, @prstr
	entry	@instr, @csta, @verno, @rsdsk
	entry	@sldsk, @fopen, @fclos, @srch1
	entry	@srchn, @purge, @rdseq, @wrseq
	entry	@newfi, @renfi, @lgvec, @curdk
	entry	@stdma, @gallo, @wprot, @rovec
	entry	@sfatr, @gdkad, @usrcd, @rdran
	entry	@wtran, @fsize, @sranr, @rsdrv
	entry	@wtranf
;
; Bios entry points
	entry	@bcold, @bwarm, @bcstat, @bcin, @bcout
	entry	@blout, @bpout, @brin, @bhome, @bdsksel
	entry	@bsettrk, @bsetsec, @bsetdma
	entry	@bdskwrt, @blststa, @bsecxlt
;
; system calke CP/M calls appear identical
; to Yale MOS system calls
;
; MOS entry connectors substitutes
.link:	jmp	around;	on system startup
	jmp	exeunt;	systems always exit here (.link + 3)
;
; io connectors: (always known relative to .link)
.cin:	jmp	conin
.coutc:	jmp	conout
.csta:			; name used for drivers that want logical status
.cpsta:	jmp	consta
.qbrk:	db	(nop),(nop),(ret); cpm can't check for break interrupt
.lout:	jmp	lstout
.lsta:			; name used for drivers that want logical status
.lpsta:	jmequ	21
@newfi	equ	22
@renfi	equ	23
@lgvec	equ	24
@curdk	equ	25
@stdma	equ	26
@gallo	equ	27;	disk allocations
@wprot	equ	28
@rovec	equ	29;	which drives are r/o
@sfatr	equ	30
@gdkad	equ	31;	get pointer to disk params
@usrcd	equ	32;	get/set user #
@rdran	equ	33
@wtran	equ	34
@fsize	equ	35
@sranr	equ	36
@rsdrv	equ	37;	lsb of (de) is drive a, etc
@wtranf	equ	40;	fill unallocated extents with zeroes
;
; CP/M bios entry values
@bcold		equ	0
@bwarm		equ	1
@bcstat		equ	2
@bcin		equ	3
@bcout		mers:	jmp	timers.
	endif
	db	(nop),(stc),(ret); space reserved for 2 future connectors
	db	(nop),(stc),(ret)
;
; console input buffers - here to initialize
; This is unclean, and the only modified code area
; Also follow vector for user patching
cibuff:	db	0
cibflg:	db	0
; these must be in the following order
.cwide:	db	80+128;	for backspace capability
.ccolm:	db	0;	initially at left assumed
;
; The "DOTIMER" entry above returns the system datestamp in (a).
; only (a) may be disturbed.  Returterface code  *
;	    	************************
;
; entry points
	entry	.sysget, .biosget
	entry	.aerc, .aerc2, .link, .qbrk
	entry	.cin, .coutc, .csta, .cpsta
	entry	.rinx, .rsta, .rpsta
	entry	.louta, .lout, .lsta, .lpsta
	entry	.pout, .psta, .ppsta
	entry	.dotimer, .timers;	for date/time services
;
; unclean variables for console services
	entry	.cwide, .ccolm
;
	if	mos;	define external linkage points
	extrn	dotimer., timers.
	endif
;
; **** begin the code ****
;
; machinations to mal values
@reboot	equ	0
@cin	equ	1
@cout	equ	2
@rin	equ	3
@pout	equ	4
@lout	equ	5
@cio	equ	6
@getio	equ	7;	iobyte
@setio	equ	8
@prstr	equ	9;	print string, $ terminator
@instr	equ	10;	input console buffered string
@csta	equ	11;	console status, data ready/not ready
@verno	equ	12;	CP/M version no
@rsdsk	equ	13;	reboot but retain control
@sldsk	equ	14
@fopen	equ	15
@fclos	equ	16
@srch1	equ	17;	search for file
@srchn	equ	18;	search for further file extents
@purge	equ	19
@rdseq	equ	20
@wrseq	p	lststa;	for list status
.pout:	jmp	punout;	for punch output
.psta:			; name used for drivers that want logical status
.ppsta:	jmp	ready;	for punch status
.rinx:	jmp	rdrin;	for reader data
.rsta:			; name used for drivers that want logical status
.rpsta:	jmp	ready;	for reader status
	ife	mos;	disabled timer connectors
.dotimer:	db	(xra a),(stc),(ret);	for time of day/date
.timers:	db	(nop),(stc),(ret);	see notes below on timers
	endif
	if	mos;	enable timer connectors
.dotimer:	jmp	dotimer.
.tiequ	4
@blout		equ	5
@bpout		equ	6
@brin		equ	7
@bhome		equ	8
@bdsksel	equ	9
@bsettrk	equ	10
@bsetsec	equ	11
@bsetdma	equ	12
@bdskrd		equ	13
@bdskwrt	equ	14
@blststa	equ	15
@bsecxlt	equ	16
;
; CP/M base addresses
reboot	equ	0
iobyte	equ	3
syscal	equ	5
;
; Ascii characters
etx	equ	03h;	cntrl-c
tab	equ	09h
lf	equ	0ah
cr	equ	0dh
dc1	equ	11h;	xon = cntrl-q
dc3	equ	13h;	xof = cntrl-s
subs	equ	1ah
;
cpmeof	equ	subs;	must not be a nul
;
;	    	************************
	cseg;	* CP/M inn all zeros for no such
; facility available.  (1) call may lock registers.
;       (a) entry       returns (a) =
;            1             year (since 1900)
;            2             month (1..12) (0 for no facility)
;            3             day (1..31)   (0 for no facility)
;            4             hour (0..23)
;            5             minute (0..59)
;
; ** WARNING ** the following is not yet completely
;               implemented, and may be changed
;
; TIMERS via connector above. (a)for all information returned by the
; bios system for CPM 2.2.
; Exterior use can be of the form:
;      mvi   h,0
;      mvi   a,(desired_function)
;      call  .biosget
;      mov   l,a
;   to uniformly return a 16 bit value in (hl)
; Illegal calls return carry.  Other flags returned
; are bios dependant.
; a,f (h,l for some calls)
.biosget: push	b
	push	d
	push	h
	cpi	@bsecxlt+1
	cmc
	jc	biosget9;	bad operand is null function
	mov	l,a
	add	a;		*2
	add	l;		*3
	lhld	reboot+1;	pointer to    -2   (= 0feh)  for 2
;               . . .
;         -255   (= 001h)  for 255
;    AND  -256   (=ZERO)   for 256
;    the resultant product is the interval in 5 millisec units.
;    If one register is set to -200 the other expresses the
;    interval in seconds.  If this resolution is not available
;    the routine should modify (bc) to that actually used.
; Functions 5 & 6 expect a pointer to a data area in register
;    (de).  For interrupt interval this points to a boolean
;    which is set;		execute it
	pop	h
biosget9: pop	d
	pop	b
	ret
;
; linkage
xpchl:	pchl
;
; a home for zero divide, negative log, etc. traps
.aerc:
.aerc2:	lxi	d,trpmsg
	mvi	c,@prstr
	call	.sysget
;	"	"
; CP/M re-entry, usable on MP/M ?
exeunt:	jmp	reboot
;
trpmsg:	db	'Real arith. error, ABORT',cr,lf,'$'
;
; get console status, including any chars in buffer
; returns 0ffh if ready, else 0
; with z/nz flags set accordingly
; a,f
consta:	lda	cibflg
	ora	a
	rnz
;	"	"
; get actual hardware status
s
;
; lister output from (c)
; a:=c, f
lstout:	mvi	a,@blout
;	"	"
; output (c) to cpm bios function (a)
; a := c, f
outcpm:	call	.biosget
	mov	a,c
	ret
;
; lister status. (a) := 0ffh if ready, else 0
; lister physical status same
; Usable on CP/M 2.0 up only
; a,f
lststa:	mvi	a,@blststa
;	"	"
; access (a)th bios function. return (a) only
; except for bios calls 9 and 16 (setdsk, secxlt)
; which return a 16 bit value in (hl), (a) := (l)
; bios calls are numbered from zero
; This allows  specifies function
;    a carry returned signifies feature not installed.
; Timers (functions 2 & 3) return (dehl) = time in millisecs.
;    with (d) hi-order byte, (l) low order.  For time of day
;    this is milliseconds after midnight.  Poorer resolution
;    than 1 millisec is harmless.
; Interval timers (functions 5, 6) set the interval to the
;    product of the intervals in registers (b) and (c).
;    These values are expressed as negative numbers,
;    e.g.   -1   (= 0ffh)  for 1
;        bios
	push	psw
	sui	3
	add	l;		Some systems (wordstar for ex)
	mov	l,a;		  modify the bios pointer and
	mvi	a,0;		  leave it pointing off page
	adc	h;		  boundaries, therefore this
	mov	h,a;		  code allows for that
	pop	psw;		now (hl) points to the bios function
	cpi	3*@bdsksel
	jz	biosget2;	returns (hl)
	cpi	3*@bsecxlt
	jnz	biosget6;	returns (a) only
biosget2: call	xpchl
	inx	sp
	inx	sp;		delete stored (hl)
	mov	a,l;		so exterior calls can use uniformly
	jmp	biosget9
biosget6: call	xpchl to "true" at intervals.  For the data
;    structure for the profiler see "profiler.inc" file.
;
; functions to be available:
;   0:  set date. (d) = day, (e) = month, (hl) = year
;   1:  shut down time of day timer
;   2:  set (and start) time of day timer
;   3:  get time of day timer
;   4:  shut down interrupt interval timer
;   5:  set interrupt interval timer and flag location
;   6:  start profiler subsystem. Uses interval timer
;   7:  get cputimer = timeofday except on timeshared system; a,f
cstact:	mvi	a,@bcstat
	call	.biosget
	ora	a
	rz
;	"	"
; provide "ready" status for reader, and punch files
; both for logical and physical status
; thus, on CP/M, the running program cannot check status
; before calling the i/o routines, and may be held-up.
ready:	mvi	a,0ffh;		i.e. all bits set - tough
	ret
;
; read (a) from CP/M system
; for calls 12 (verno), 24 (lgvec), 25 (curdk),
; 27 (gallo), 29 (rovec), 31 (gdkad) returns (hl)
; with a := l,  else (hl) is undisturbed.
; Note tha,@bpout
	jmp	outcpm
;
; reader input
; a,f
rdrin:	mvi	a,@brin
	call	.biosget
;	"	"
; check for CP/M eof signal, carry if so. z flag never set
; also remove any input parity bit
; f
chkeof:	ani	07fh
	cpi	cpmeof;		must not be defined as zero
	stc
	cmc
	rnz
	ora	a;		ensure z flag not set
	stc
	ret
;
; cr & lf to lister
.lcrlf:	push	psw
	mvi	a,cr
	call	.louta
	mvi	a,lf
	call	.louta
	pop	psw
	ret
;
; lister output from (a)
.louta:	push	b
	mov	c,a
	call	.lout
	pop	b
	ret
;
aroug buffer
; The only input that may not arrive through
; this (at least reliably) is cntrl-s.
; a,f
conin:	lda	cibflg
	ora	a
	jz	cinraw
	xra	a
	sta	cibflg;		clear flag
	lda	cibuff
	jmp	chkeof
;
; console input, unechoed, ignore buffer content
; a,f
cinraw:	mvi	a,@bcin
	call	.biosget
	jmp	chkeof
;
; console output from (c)
; a:=c,f
conout:	call	cstact
	cnz	chkdc3;		check for possible pause
;	"	"
; raw console output from (c), no dc3 checking
; a := c, f
coutraw: mvi	a,@bcout
	jmp	outååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååes effect.  This whole interaction
; is hidden by the global system environment, and the
; particular actual i/o driver organization.
; a,f
chkdc3:	lda	iobyte
	ani	dc3mask
	rnz;			devices 1 and 3 inhibit
	mvi	a,0ffh
	sta	cibflg;		in case non dc3 comes
	call	cinraw;		physical get
	sta	cibuff
	cpi	dc3
	rnz;			no pause
	xra	a;		flush any old input
	sta	cibflg
	call	cinraw;		do another get
	cpi	etx;		i.e. cntrl-c
	jz	.link+3;	exit on it
	ret
;
; punch output from (c)
; a:=c,f
punout:	mvi	at CP/m treats illegal calls as null ops
; (a) on entry is syscall value
; a,f (h,l for some calls)
.sysget: push	b
	push	d
	push	h
	mov	c,a
	cpi	@verno
	jz	sysget3;	16 bits returned
	cpi	@lgvec
	jz	sysget3;	16 bits
	ani	not 6
	cpi	@curdk;		or  @gallo or @rovec or @gdkad
	jnz	sysget6;	8 bits returned only
sysget3: call	syscal;		operations that return 16 bits
	inx	sp;		purge stored hl
	inx	sp
	jmp	sysget9
sysget6: call	syscal
	pop	h
sysget9: pop	d
	pop	b
	ret
;
; console input, checkinnd:	lxi	h,0
	shld	cibuff;		initialize console
	mvi	l,80 + 128;	console width, can backspace
	shld	.cwide;		and set column to zero
;	"	"
	ds	0;		fall into the following application
;
	end	0
CPU millisec used = 13513, MAX heap reserved = -1500

END OF PROGRAM
:vi	a,lf
	call	.louta
	pop	psw
	ret
;
; lister output from (a)
.louta:	push	b
	mov	c,a
	call	.lout
	pop	b
	ret
;
aroucpm
;
; check for pause.  A console char known ready
; This operation, when console input has "type ahead"
; via interrupt driven buffers, will swallow all input
; characters during console output.  Therefore the
; "control-s" output pause is inhibited when the
; console physical device is 1 or 3 (corresponding to
; interrupt driven, and unassigned, respectively in the
; Yale system).  Note that if the Pascal program opens
; device file KBB the device is normally 1, and thus
; this inhibition takvÿÀ&PASCALP.PCD	
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