يEيCfأçü       Initializing Media      cerns   the LINE that you leave between para- graphs, or headings, or     whatever. This is an ADAM BUG.  When you put a carriage return at the      beginning of a line in order to put a blank line between          paragraphs; ADAM always leaves a line and a half, instead. To correct this, put a Control 6, space, and then the carriage   return.  Just hold the CONTROL key down while you press 6, then   hit the spacebar once, then press RETURN.  You will see an        "upside down" L, a blank space, and tFIRST DIR  پUھے BOOT       گDIRECTORY  طADAM-BUGH DIETH     €FILEMNGRH 

€FORMAT2H  

GLEAN630H €HARDWAREH .€MEMEX694H IMEMRYMAPH L€NEWCPMH   jNOSTALGAH {OAUC-V-SADH‰PRES-694H Œ€README2H  ژTHNGS694H ‘€WRDPRO19H ”BLOCKS LEFT—	BLOCKS LEFT—	sion  of Richard Scarry's Best Electronic Wordbook Ever on 2 disks, a    Jeopardy Question Pack on 2 disks, Coleco Personal CP/M, CP/M 2.2  Teacher and SmartTERMINAL for use with the 1200 baud prototype     modem.  These have yet to be fully tested.    ADAM NEWS NETWORK  Rich Clee of Adam Services in Canada is seriously considering an   ADAM SURVIVAL GUIDE VOLUME 2.  This will probably be in loose      leaf form for easy insertion of future updates.  All those with    Volume 1 will already know what an ‚Bےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےقےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےے--------THAT OLD ADAM BUG-------- For all of you ADAM users out there who are still using your     ADAM printer, here's news. This has been said before, but I know that there are a lot of    NEW MEMBERS out there who haven't heard it before.  It conhe regular triangular        "carriage return" on your screen.  However, nothing will be       printed out and you will get ONE empty line. Be forewarned, however.  If you indented the previous line; you  must also indent the Control 6, space, and carriage return.  If   you don't you will get gibberish for the next line.  Give it a    try as I know you will like it. -----NJD---------------------------------‚CےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےقےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےDEBBIE'S DESICATED DISK DIET CENTER & DRIVING SCHOOL.Having problems reaching the keyboard? Does your big stomach get   in the way? Out of breath from lifting a data tape ?? Ashamed to go to your AUG meeting because you can't get through    the me no longer see Big John is  that he faded away to nothing from Debbie's Desicated Disk Diet.   But we are also not denying that rumor.Lose all the weight you can and eat all the disks you want for     only $ 89.00*.[*Program price does NOT include the costs of Debbie's Desicated   Dietetic Disks.  Offer cannot be combined with other offers.  One  discount per person.  Good at participating Desicated Disk Diet    Centers only.]GUARNATEED TO WORK.  *[*Or you can receive the equivalent in driving instrueneric double sided double density desicated  disks in preparing her complete selection of desicated disk diet   foods.Ground up disks are high in fiber, give you bulk and a sense of    being full.  Further their bland taste is such that you are not    tempted to over eat with them.You can carry a few in your pockets for snacks between meals.  Debbie practically held my hand and guided me through the          program.  So losing and maintaining my weight for 7 months now     was not a problem.(Signed	y/mheKnoll  Woodford, Plymouth, Devon PL7 4SH 0752-341932  Claridge,,  Mayow Road, Forrest Hill London   SE23 2XY    Howard, James. 523  Dereham Ro                   ADAM NEWS NETWORK, MAY 1994on-functional blocks and         therefore have no calorie content.Another good feature is that if you are not hunger you can always  use the disks in work processing.  DON'T WAIT CALL TODAYDebbie succeeds where other diets fail you.Moderate light exercise is also required to lose the full amount   and get the full benefit from the program.  Lift your CPU over     your head l00 times per hour for 4 to 5 hours per day.*[*Important, disconnect all cords lst].We are not claiming that the reason youeting room door ??Well then listen to the following from one of our success          stories........"Three reasons I maintained a l03 lb.  weight loss with Debbie's   Desicated Disk Diet....support, support, support."I've tried to lose weight in the past but I never got too far--I   always gained it back.  Then I went to Debbie's Desicated Disk     Diet Center & Driving School.  Debbie is the only one that taught  me how to get the weight off and keep it off.  Debbie uses only    the highest quality gctions].CALL l-800-2BE-THIN NOW.  yةُ>گپOٌيxة>ئpحهحهîPوز ُة¯حهحه>ئحهح)ه ûةٌهصإfحûنح ه¯2u‎حهءرلأيôح{ٌأب‏ 8
ے‏ ‎لةإصهأ(َح`/:µAض58
(ض18xُحع.ٌ‏2 :çمئ0حع.>>أع.إصOِ‏yآIôثهصإصأIôُ‎ث~(ْ‎~و‎wٌرءةحFôُ‏0ٌأvô‎6‎ث~(ْ‎~و‎wٌ‏ >€‎wأ‚ôه‎ل‎ث~آ<èأOèٌٌ’’‚‚II$$  swx RM8 1JY Here are the others who wouldn't mind being contacted.Bickley, John.) A.Satisfied Customer.Remember Debbie's Desicated Disk Diet includes a variety of        delicious meals and snacks made from generic desicated disks,      both 5 l/4 (meal size) and 3 l/2 (snack size) disks.  There are    stewed disks, crashed disks, disks with rice, mashed disks, CP/M   disks, EOS disks, disk chips, boiled disks, broiled disks, oiled   disks, and many other interesting forms of disks.One of our secrets is only using disks with bad blocks.  As you    know bad blocks are merely empty n‚:ےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےقےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےے        FILEMANAGER VERSION 3.0: FILE FUNCTIONS.                    BY DAVID COBLEY.What can I say?  This article should have been published  immediately after the first chapter of this series about  Filemanager.  Before the article on Backup!  My          II - Media Functions                 III - Change Default Setup                  IV - Use All Expansion Ram              Source :                   V - Disc Drive 1               Maximum buffer size       776KSince we are going to be concerning ourselves with File   Functions, from Tape Drive 1, we must use Smartkey V to   select our Source,  BEFORE we do anything else,  or  FM   will read the wrong directory. Once we have the correct   Source we select Smartkey I, File Functions.Fil. Unless I placed a datapack in my single datadrive,  Filemanager would not recognise that drive. As soon as I  placed a datapack in the drive, whether or not I closed   the datadrive door FM recognised it as well as drive #2   and included them in the selection of drives available.To check to see if it was situation peculiar to my set-   up, I trotted off into the Family Room, and got Midge's   ADAM fired up.  Midge has a standalone ADAM with only a   single datadrive, a 64k memory expander and a 320k di     I - Edit Catalog                  II - Media Functions                 Press RETURN for Tagged C/P/D                       ESCAPE to ExitNote that all of the files are "H" type files which are   probably SmartWriter files as we are working on a medium  full of correspondence files. We could have copied these  files to another medium by loading SmartWriter, then GET  each file from LETTERS V and then SAVE it to a different  medium. But's that tedious and counter-productive if you  own FM. Let's coany functional activity.  But if it doesn't   recognise one or more of  your drives,  try inserting a   medium into the them and see what happens. Perhaps it is  only an odd-ball situation that goes with my hard drive   set-up, or all hard drive set-ups. As long as we can fix  it who cares?OK! So we've loaded Filemanager V 3.0 from disc. Here's   what the first screen looks like:                    FILEMANAGER V 3.0                 Copyright AJM Software                   I - File Functions         GP tells  me that if I can say Alzheimer's I haven't got it!  That  being so,  how come I mixed up the order of publication?  It's OK,  you don't need to answer!  That's one of those  rhetorical questions!!!  Sorry about the mix-up. Here is  the chapter on File Functions.  Better late than never?We only sort of skimmed over these File Functions in the  opening chapter of this series so let's boot up FM V 3.0  and go straight to the Main Menu.An unusual thing happened when I booted Filemanager from  discemanager screens the directory of the medium in that   drive. We'll continue to use the same datapack as we did  previously so here is what FM will screen:                    FILEMANAGER V 3.0                 Copyright AJM Software                 Directory of LETTERS V            -> CPMPATCH   H   VISAHEAD   H               LETTERHEAD H   UNDHIL8904 H               ADMZAP8902 H   NAISH8916  H               NAISH8917  H   CASLER893a H               CASLER8903 H   LYONS8903  H              sc   drive. When I fired up FM from disc, Midge's system not   only recognised her #1 datadrive,  without the need for   a datapack in the drive,  but it also said she had a #2   datadrive, which she doesn't!Peculiar. I thought I'd mention those idiosyncracies to   you, just in case you get similar results some time and   then wonder what has happened. If your copy of FM "sees"  datadrives you don't have,  there is nothing to concern   yourself about. Just don't select that particular drive   for part of py a file or two to illustrate a better   way.First we'll select our file by moving the cursor (arrow)  to the file we want. Say we use ADMZAP8902.                    FILEMANAGER V 3.0                 Copyright AJM Software                 Directory of LETTERS V               CPMPATCH   H   VISAHEAD   H               LETTERHEAD H   UNDHIL8904 H            -> ADMZAP8902 H   NAISH8916  H               NAISH8917  H   CASLER893a H               CASLER8903 H   LYONS8903  H                   I   will display an option screen which gives you three ways  to action your tagged files:                  I - Copy Tagged Files                 II - Print Tagged Files                III - Delete Tagged Files.All you do is to press the appropriate Smartkey. In our   case, Smartkey I - Copy Tagged Files.FM now displays the same screen as it did previously at   the point where you had pressed Move/Copyx.for copying a  single file. Here it is again:                   FILEMANAGER V 3.0              to Copy                    ESCAPE to ExitNow you must decide whether or not you wish to use the    same filename for your copy.  If you do, simply ignore    Smartkey I. If you don't, press Smartkey I and the line   will change to I - Rename file. You can change the drive  you want to use as a Target by pressing Smartkey II 'til  the drive you want is displayed.  When  you select  as a  Target, the same drive you selected as a Source, FM will  screen an additional option VI - With Media Swap. If you  wanther to the screen or through a printer. If we tag a    file and press RETURN, then select Smartkey II - Print,   FM displays a new screen which looks like this:                   FILEMANAFER V 3.0                 Copyright AJM SoftwarePRINT FILE    I - to Screen   II - Single-spaced  III - Line Length:  30   IV - Left Margin:  0    V - Use Form-Feeds   VI - Draft Quality  sVI - Escape Character:  ~ Press RETURN to Print       ESCAPE to ExitThere are a host of options for this activity aUse   Same Filename" at the outset.If you want to copy a batch of files you can use the      built-in batch processing capability of FM by "tagging"   the various files. To do that you simply move the cursor  to the first file you want tagged, and press Store/Get.   You will see an asterisk appear on your FM screen by the  side of the filename you selected. To erase a tag simply  place the cursor by the asterisk and press Undo. Simple?  You betcha!!Once you have all the files tagged, press RETURN and FM - Edit Catalog                  II - Media Functions                 Press RETURN for Tagged C/P/D                       ESCAPE to ExitOnce the arrow is alongside ADAMZAP8902 we press the      Move/Copy key on our ADAM keyboard. Immediately your      screen changes to:                   FILEMANAGER V 3.0                 Copyright AJM Software              COPY FILE                  I - Use Same Filename              Target :                 II - Disk Drive 2              Press RETURN    Copyright AJM Software              COPY FILE                  I - Use Same Filename              Target :                 II - Disk Drive 2              Press RETURN to Copy                    ESCAPE to ExitThe actions you take will be similar to those you took    for that activity. FM still will not allow you to use     the same filename for a file when you copy it to the      same medium, but otherwise the choice is yours.As well as copying the file(s) you can print them out.    Eit to transfer the file to another medium, you leave    this as it is.  If not, and for some reason you want to   copy the file to the same medium, press Smartkey VI and   FM will screen VI - Without Media Swap. But it won't let  you get away with trying to have two files on the same    medium with exactly the same filename. It will copy the   file on to the medium, in the next available space, but   before it writes to the directory, it will insist on you  providing a new filename, even though you selected "nd to      avoid confusion I'll list them under each Smartkey in     sequence.Smartkey I - to Screen, to ADAM Printer or to Other              Printer.Smartkey II - Single-Spaced or Double-SpacedSmartkey III - Line Length:  30, 80, 96 or 132Smartkey IV - Left Margin:  0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8.Smartkey V - Use Form-Feeds, Pause at End of Page or             Continuous PrintingSmartkey VI - Draft Quality or Near-Letter QualityShift-Smartkey VI - Escape Character:  ~ (This only has         tled "What Is This Formatting, Anyway?".Recently, while discussing formatting and data storage  at one of our VISA meetings, it was evident that not all  of  our ADAM users were aware of what we do, or why we  need   to do anything, when we do a "format" on a datapack  or a  disc. With your indulgence I'll try to explain it,  once   again.If you're like me you can't create a page of handwriting   on a plain sheet of paper, without the lines going askew   one way or the other.  The answer for me has alwaoptions. Pretty impressive.The process of deleting files is similar to that of       copying. You can do it one at a time by placing the       cursor beside the filename on the directory screen, then  press Delete. Or tag the file(s) and use the Smartkey     III option of the Tagged File screen. Filemanager will    ask for confirmation of your desire to delete each file   you have either selected or tagged. Just-,]w px'f its     safety features.That just about concludes the File Functions for this     vreference   point, usually Block Zero,  and where to go to store and   retrieve data. Hence formatting.The information imprinted on a medium during formatting,   permits the drive to readily use the medium for its data   storage/retrieval, and in many cases, includes the total   operating system to permit the  computer  to be "booted"   from scratch with the newly formatted medium.This is especially true of  CP/M - TDOS which reserves a   group of system blocks at the  beginning  of each medium   for ju‚;ےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےقےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےے                      FORMATTING.                    BY DAVID COBLEY.For the second issue of our newsletter, published in the   Spring of 1989,  I wrote an article in which I strove to   provide a simple explanation of media formatting. It was   ti           influence in dm printing and some of                     the printers use other symbols, like                    an inverse "[" for Escape).You can also print out an individual file without going   through the tagging routine by placing the cursor at the  filename on the directory screen and pressing the Print   key. Filemanager will offer you a similar selection of    print options to that listed. To print the directory you  press Shift-Print and again you get the whole selection   of print ys been   to use some sort of subterfuge, like a darkly ruled page   below the one I'm writing on. I could use some form of a   feint-ruled paper,  but that always looked to me as if I   had torn a page out of an exercise book.So it is with a computer. No matter how sophisticated it   may be or what its operating system may be, it can't use   a blank medium to store  data. It must have some form of   an electronic guidance system  that keeps it informed as   to where the read/write head is, relative to a ersion. Sorry again about the delayed presentation.connected ADAMS must be matched in baud rate.  The Call or Answer screen is next, unless you are playing locally which goes directly to the start of tst that purpose.  On a disc, because the "zero"  or start position of the    disc can be determined through using an index hole which   indicates to a light sensitive element when it passes a    reference datum point, it is  possible to format a new,    unformatted disc right  in  the disc drive.  But no such   reference is possible on a datadrive because  the drive    has no means to detect a  particular physical point on a   new tape, except perhaps at the  two extreme ends of the   tape element.Obvioive, formatting data is arranged in concentric circles   or tracks, created by the  read/write head in compliance   with commands produced by the  formatting  program. On a   DD  disc  these  concentric  tracks are spaced 48 to the   inch (48tpi). Imagine the accuracy a disc drive requires   to ensure that, when instructed to read a certain track,   it positions its read/write head exactly over the track,   in order to comply. There is  little tolerance available   when you are dealing with such small dimenegular 60     minute audio tape.Before we continue our discussion  of formatting, let me   provide some vital  statistics about datadrives. Regular   audio tape drives transport the tape past the read/write   head during recording or playback, at 1 & 7/8 inches per   second (ips). It transports the tape twice as fast when    traversing with Fast Forward or Rewind. The datadrive on   your ADAM transports the tape at 20 ips when reading or    writing data and transits between read/writes at 80 ips.   At sucping a way to recreate the process and in so   doing he discovered a way to use a properly preformatted   datapack as a Master in #1 datadrive with an unformatted   tape as a Slave in #2 drive.To do that he designed and built a new hardware/software   system where the mechanical control of datadrive #2 was    redirected to the controller board of drive #1, causing    drive #2 to react as if it were drive #1.That way he could cause the unformatted tape in drive #2   to move in unison with the one  in driat every single byte   is imprinted during the formatting process. And further,   that once that formatting is complete, ADAM can write to   or read from each individual byte. And a boot block plus   directory block(s) are imprinted so ADAM can start using   the medium for data storage as soon as its formatting is   complete. Boot and directory imprinting is also known as   initializing.In the case of a Double Density (DD) disc such as we use   in the Coleco single-sided 160k,  or a double-sided 320k   drusly we can't tell the tape drive to create a bunch   of positionally-controlled, dimensionally-accurate areas   on its medium, because it has no datum point at which to   start each creation. So Coleco, with the aid of Hewlett-   Packard, I suspect, developed a block indexing system to   allow ADAM to utilize a tape for data storage/retrieval,   by assigning a specified amount of space on the tape for   each kilobyte of data. That specification allows ADAM to   store 256k of data on a tape shorter than a rsions.Several ADAM related utility  packages include a program   to Format media. And you may  think these facilities can   eliminate the need to  buy  or manufacture pre-formatted   datapacks. Unfortunately, it just isn't so. For that you   need Megacopy III.Megacopy was the brainchild of Toronto-based Syd Carter,   who studied the mystery of the  preformat used by Coleco   to create their expensive  datapacks. After he had found   the sequence of encoding that  Coleco  employed,  he set   about develoh speeds it is essential that the datadrive system   have accurate reference to its present position.The smallest data storage space allocation ADAM can set    aside for a file is 1k. So it stands to reason that the    ADAM formatting should be in 1k blocks. The fact that      these blocks are sub-divided into 8 sectors, and that      each sector contains 128 bytes is not too important to     the subject under discussion. Suffice it to say that the   situation exists.But it is important to understand thve #1, even though   there  was  no  positional  information imprinted on the   slave tape. Megacopy then copied the preformat data from   the master tape to the slave.Obviously, since the process  was  based  entirely on an   electronic  means  of  synchronizing the movement of two   separate drives,  mechanical  synchronization  of  drive   speeds was essential. If the  drives were not turning at   the same basic rate, it was conceivable that the "slave"   drive, if it was running "fast" compared to theRE DIRECTORY 256K (CD256) DATAPACK.Block 255                                      Block 128   o------------------------------------------------------o   o-------------------------o  o-------------------------o   Block 63         Block Zero  Block 127          Block 64Here is the Right Directory 256 Kilobyte (RD256) tape.        RIGHT DIRECTORY 256K (RD256) GAMEPACK.Block 255                                      Block 128   o------------------------------------------------------o   o--------------- a fresh audio tape without going through the   two-step action of first preformatting  and then copying   the data. But, if  you  chose  not to copy the data, you   could create a new, unsullied, preformatted tape without   copying the data.Although I managed to  manufacture over 100 datapacks by   using two separate audio cassette  decks,  before buying   Megacopy, and none of  those  has ever caused trouble as   far as I know, I was still attempting  to format digital   information using analog  equipm  way through the play, to the opposite end of the tape as   would have been the case with  a CD tape. If you were to   examine your Buck Rogers  tape, or watch it loading, you   would see that Block Zero is located at the right end of   the tape, and the element rewinds  to  extreme right end   before starting to load..In re-reading this article I'm not sure I've adequately    explained formatting in simple terms. But I've done the    best I can, which is all anyone can do, isn't it? he  tape  in  the drive with   side A out  and  the  other  with side B out. But in the   ADAM CD256, both tracks are read with side A outward.To minimize the transit time between their directory and   any position on Centre Directory CD256 datapacks, Coleco   astutely designed the distribution of the tracks so that   Block Zero was in the centre of one of the tracks.  That   way the greatest distance a tape needed to transit to or   from the directory at Block One, was half a tape length.         CENT "master"   drive, could "run out  of  tape", before the process was   complete. Or, conversely, if  the slave was running much   slower than the  master,  it  could be preformatted in a   way that would not provide adequate  space  for the data   storage in use.His system also provided a discretionary  capability for   the operator to copy the  preformat information plus any   other data that was on the master  tape. Such discretion   meant you could copy a tape  containing both a preformat   and data to---------------------------------------o   Block 127                                        Block 0In the case of Right Directory 256K tapes, Block Zero is   located at the right hand end of the tape element rather   than centred as in the Centre Directory (CD). The reason   for this layout, is connected  with Coleco's anticipated   need for an uninterrupted traverse of 128 blocks, so that  the tape could load the planned Super games and react as   a part of the game play,  without need to traverse, part ent. Not the best method   to use. Syd's system has been the main component of VISA   datapack production for many years now. And, despite its   regular use and some minor setbacks, it is still working   fine, producing our inexpensive datapacks.I think it would be simplest if I likened the imprinting   of the formatting information to that made by a monaural   tape recorder. One track beside the other like a pair of   railroad tracks. In  the  case of the mono recorder, one   track is read/written with t‚Cےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےقےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےے GLEANINGS. By Dave SandsGleanings is a column of information, quotation and opinion        gathered from exchange newsletters, Fidonet correspondence and     other miscellaneous sources.  All sources are cited and            interjections within qu    is back to serve and support the ADAM community."The AUGER (ADAM User Group Educational Report) of the Emerald      Coast AUG in Fort Walton Beach, FL., has been around since 1986,   and in its unique (among ADAM nl's) booklet format since 1990.     Norman J.  and Faye Deere, who are the ECAUG, have always been     able to find interesting material, and Norman is one of the        principal writers of introductory or beginners' articles.  Here's  one of Norman's suggestions, from the May '94 issue:"t, but Terry Fowler of ADAM's House and the ADAM       International Media (AIM) says, in his April 1994 issue:  "ADAM'S  HOUSE has found new ways to reach the vast numbers of              Colecovision and ADAM Computer Systems' owners out there, too.     Catalog inquiries are at an ALL TIME HIGH and sales are bouncing   back to pre 1993 levels." (capitals in original) Now this is       certainly good news, no matter how it's accomplished.  Fowler      also deserves recognition for producing newsletter numby files on your datapack that you     want to keep for later, you must first copy these files to         another datapack or disk.  Next you need a BLANK FORMATTED         datapack (with nothing at all stored on it).  Now, put the 'copy'  program in the drive and BOOT it.  When it's loaded, remove the    'copy' [program] datapack and proceed to where (depending on the   program you are using) it enables you to make a BLOCK COPY.What you are doing is making a copy of the BLANK FORMATTED tape    to the formoperator Jim         Notini, once single, gainfully employed and living at home, hit    the slipperly slope, got married, accepted a management job (with  unpaid overtime) and bought a house.  Well, it happens to the      best of us.  However, he's making a good recovery, and NIAD is     now at 9389 Bay Colony Dr., #3E, Des Plaines, IL., 60016 and the   phone is (708) 296-0675.As Jerry Vrancks, editor of the 463 ADAM nl, says about this same  development, "The main thing is that NIAD (an ADAM institution)oted material are in square brackets.       Readers who desire more information should contact their Editor.   Opinions not in quotation marks are those of the author.           Gleanings is written for the Vancouver Island Senior               ADAMphiles(VISA) newsletter ADVISA and is distributed via the      ADAM News Network.  (Gleanings may be shortened, improved, or      updated, by editing items irrelevant to your needs.)For A Good Time, phone ADAM'S HOUSE ? He doesn't say exactly how   he's doing iIf you are one of the ADAMites who still use their data drive     regularly, because you haven't as yet, procured a disk drive, you  may be interested in how to clear the formatted datapacks that     you filled with stored files over the months.You have to have a 'copy' program, such as 'Backup+ 3.0' or 'File  Manager 2.0', which I have mentioned before.  You should have one  (or both) of these anyway, if you are going to do much of          anything with your ADAM computer.Just remember, if you have aner 100.     It will be ten years for AIM in November, the man says, thanking   all his valued subscribers for the support.  Further good news,    he says, is that he will be restocking, adding to current low      stock, and will again do new product development.  Considering     the rollercoaster ride we've had recently in the ADAM world,       knowing the eyes of Texas are looking up is great.More good news.  NIAD (Northern Illiana ADam) is yet again among   the living.  To make a long story short, NIAD atted tape that you have 'filled' with data.  Thus,     you end up with a blank formatted tape, once again.  When you      copy the blank formatted tape to the 'filled' tape, it wipes the   tape clear of everything but the formatting; and you end up with   a blank tape and a blank directory." (capitals in original).And for us history buffs, Norman found this interesting item.      Under the title 'Why wasn't ADAM a big success?' he reproduced     part of a BBS message from Chris Braymen, an ADAM hardware  going to let that happen again.  Both Coleco and Texas     Instruments attempted to hold up the software companies for        licences and royalties, unlike Apple.  Apple's still here.  I      wonder if the MBA's learned anything from that.  And of course,    when competition toughened up, Coleco was, again, late with        accessories, late with delivery, and producing poor software.  A   kinder, gentler man than the Gleaner might not think the           inability to reuse datapacks was deliberate, but iM PCs.4) Coleco didn't provide enough 'operating system' support to      easily recover 'lost' space on the Digital Data Packs (tapes).     As a result, the tapes tended to fill up and no matter how many    files you deleted, you could never fit another file on.  Had       Coleco provided a 'Crunch' or 'Copy' OS [operating system]         command, maybe things would have gone better.Generally, I liked the idea of a complete bundled system with      printer.  I unpacked the unit, plugged it together, turhe most     cost-effective general purpose computer, a lot of power for        little money.  So was a Studebaker." (Vancouver Sun, Feb.  24,     '94.)Bob Sebelist, who runs the Maine ADAM Library (Box 85, Waterford,  ME.  04088) is producing a lot of good material for ADAM owners.   He's now done articles on SmartFILER color changes, more on        graphics manipulation, and one great, and very useful piece on     how to make your newer clone machine treat its 1.2 megabyte 5.25"  floppy drive as if it wa of the ADAM and shipped those      crummy early computers just to make a Christmas deadline.  One of  them went to the reviewer for Byte Magazine, then as now, the big  magazine in the computer field.  He praised some parts of the      ADAM's design, but bombed it for its quality.  Byte never          mentioned the ADAM again.  The licensing was intended to make      Coleco big money.  The Apple II computer had tons of third party   software, but Apple made nothing from it.  The business brains     weren'tand     software developer:"1) The first ADAMs off the production line didn't work, thus the  early reviews and articles were somewhat negative.  Even though    Coleco quickly corrected the problem, there were never able to     shed the 'Poor quality' image.2) Coleco had an extremely strict licensing agreement for it's     third party developers, so very little third party software        appeared.3) The hardware, though brilliant, was soon ecliped by the 1984    roll out of Macintosh and the newer IBt is just        typical 'keep 'em hooked' business thinking.  Coleco also was      making buckets of money with Cabbage Patch dolls.  When its        financial mismanagement caught up to it, the ADAM was thrown       overboard to lighten ship, when what should have gone were some    of the incompetent crew.It's still a jungle out there:  this bit from a column by          computer guru John Dvorak about the various differences between    computers;"The Atari is an outstanding game machine.  It's also tned it on   and it worked.  There was no driver installation or configuration  or 'control panels' or anything to worry about.  And it was true   letter quality.  Dot matrix would not have been acceptable.  It    was just what I needed at the time, and I've been an ADAM fan      ever since.  --Chris.  " The Gleaner is sure Chris Braymen, who    is today a game programmer for a computer software company, is     right in his assessments.  About the first point, Coleco had to    repeatedly put off the deliverys an older 360K drive.  Is this arcane or  what? No, it's a lifesaver!  I own an ADAM Connection program --   brand new, never used, still got the receipt --never used because  I didn't know how to use it on my high density drives and          couldn't figure it out.  Bob's article demonstrates how to use an  MS-DOS command that solves my problem.  Just as soon as my         headache from beating my forehead and shouting 'why the hell       couldn't I have thought of that' goes away, I'll use everything    aked ADAM into thinking SmartBASIC is on this data-    pack.  All there is is a file name in the directory but this will  stop ADAM from INIT this data-pack.  You can still add or delete   files." 463 ADAM nl, April 94.Things you can do with your ADAM get stranger every day.  For      example, Bob Zimmerman, writing in the Puget Sound ADAM Newsnet,   (Vol.  10, No.  3) has discovered a way to take something that's   ordinarily difficult and make it nearly impossible.  Mazes, those  interesting games that ar '94 issue was    No.  58 and last.  He's also abandoning his sideline of supplying  copies of instruction sheets for games and reproductions of long   gone newsletters.  Take care of yourself so you'll be there for    your daughter and grandchildren, Norm.  ADAMdom will miss you.Jerry Vrancks has come up with a neat way to protect your          datapacks--and yourself--from accidentally losing all their        files.  Jerry points out that a datapack can't be 'write           protected' simply and effe Bob says "Your mind finds it very difficult to travel through      walls!" and that is certainly true in the case of my mind.As mentioned above, the NIAD nl has returned, and with it, more    details on the newly discovered SmartWRITER chips.  There are two  newer versions of the program, Jim Walters says.  Revision 81,     (the version we have is #80) and Rev.  84.  In Jim's words;'Revision 81:1.  Scroll bug fixed in window mode, this fixes several text       formatting bugs.2.  Memory Full routine ectory.  (Before any files have been saved on it.) I leave      this data-pack in the drive and type in POKE 23925, 2 and press    <CR> [Return].  I then type in, SAVE BASICPGM and again press      <CR>.  After this non existent file has been saved in the          directory I then type in POKE 23925, 65 <CR> to return to          default.  This is what it looks like:POKE 25308, 3 <CR>INIT anyname [volume name] <CR>POKE 23925, 2 <CR>SAVE BASICPGM <CR>(after it's saved)POKE 23925, 65 <CR>I have now fI've learned.  It really is a great example of how, someone        somewhere can solve your ADAM problems.Bob's articles have appeared everywhere--463 ADAM, AIM, AUGER,     PSAN Newsnet--as editors respond to the needs of their readers.    They're great guys.<Milestones Time:  Norman Castro has packed it in.  His Omaha ADAM  Users Club nl began in July '84 but a combination of his own       health problems and automobile accident injuries to his married    daughter meant it just had to go.  Norm's Feb/Mrequire you to get from A to Z down         various corridors, avoiding dead ends and cul-de-sacs, are now     even more difficult.  He was inspired by an article in the Omni    magazine which introduced the 'anti-maze' in which you must do     the A--Z trip by traveling through the walls, not the corridors.   Bob has written an ADAM program to generate more such antimazes,   and he'll send you it if you send him a disk and a stamped and     addressed mailer at PSAN, 22607 SE 322, Kent WA, USA 98042.  As   ctively like a disk can with a little    tab applied on a notch in the disk.  But what you can do, he       says, is take advantage of a protection built into the ADAM's      SmartBASIC INIT program.  It won't INIT--that is,clear out a       directory completely--if it finds the SmartBASIC program in the    directory.  And Jerry says, that's how you protect any datapack."First, I boot up Basic then insert the data-pack I want to        protect.  I now INIT my data-pack giving it a three-block          dirworks better, but not perfect. 3.  Search  has a go to Top of Text and End of Page command.  This  works real nice for larger documents.4.  Print has a print option to print from the cursor to end of    document.Revision 84:1.  Scroll bug fixed.2.  Clear memory option works great.3.  Memory Full routine works perfect.You might wonder why Revision 81 contains new options while 84     contains only fixes.  I would guess that Coleco started Revision   81 before they found out about the bugs.  I believe it is 23 characters long including the     spaces.  The maker in this case will be at position 34.  You will  want to move the cursor back to the first character.  If you are   at the top of the first page you can use the HOME and RIGHT arrow  key together to get back to the extreme left side.  Note that these keys have to be pressed TOGETHER.  Now we know     that the carriage width is 60 characters since the left margin is  10 and the right is 70.  We also know that out total heading       width is 23.o buy.  No prices are available.Amidst all the news, good and bad, comes the hint that an ADAM     hardware developer of the past may return.  In a CompuServe        message posted by Rob Friedman, he says 'Big John' Lingrel is      considering doing more hardware.Lingrel developed mucho good stuff for the ADAM, from serial       boards to hard disk installations, and some very early disk drive  conversions.  He left the ADAM world furious over his inability    to stop what he considered piracy of some nal)There it is.  It probably takes longer to read about it than it    does to do it.Okay, now you know.  Dave Cobley found a large file on the         CPMTECH echo on FidoNet called 'Frequenty Asked Questions' or      'FAQ'.  FAQ has a bunch of answers of varying complexity.  The     most useful one I found was the first:Q1:  "Does CP/M stand for anything? A:  (Don Kilpatrick) [the compiler of the list] There are at least three popular answers - Control Program for     Microcomputers, Control Progruilt-in features but  one that is missing is a automatic way of centering your text.     Here is a handy way to do this.  Type the heading at the extreme   left hand side.  The first letter of which will be at character    position 10 since the default margins are LEFT 10 and RIGHT 70.After typing you will notice that the horizontal marker on the     very top of the page will be at the position one character ahead   of the last character typed.  I will use the above heading as an   example and you can see Coleco         intended to combine them into one after most of the bugs were      worked out."Jim also says he's sure there are more features in each of these   revisions than he's had time to discover.  NIAD and Walters want   to know if having these new versions available would turn your     crank.  It would come on two chips, because SmartWRITER has        always been a 'ROM chip' program.  Write Walters at Rd #4, Box     289-A, Titusville, PA USA 16354, or NIAD at the new address above  if you want t  We will round this up to the nearest EVEN number     which is 24.  Take 24 from 60 leaving 36.  With me so far? You     now know that to get your heading in the center, it will need 18   blank spaces to its left and 18 to the right.This is where your INSERT command key comes in.  With the cursor   at the extreme left, press INSERT.  Now tap the space bar 18       times to give the blank spaces and then press SK [SmarkKEY] VI     (done).  There you have it.  A heading in the center." (capitals   in origiof his best products,    but he's thinking of making a comeback.Friedman's message was reproduced in the March 94 463 ADAM nl.SmartWRITER can't center headings (at least in its present         incarnation, maybe that will be available in one of the new        chips.) But, there is a simple way to center your lines if you     want to.  Herewith, from Keith Marner, writing in his United       Kingdom ADAM Subscribers Feb/Mar 94 nl: "Centering Your Headings"The SmartWRITER word processor has a lot of bam for Microprocessors, and Control   Program/Monitor.  The issue is clouded by authors of popular CP/M  books giving different answers.  According to Gary Kildall, (the   author of CP/M), in response to a direct question on the qBS show  'The Computer Chronicles' following Computer Bowl I, was :         Control Program for Microcomputers.  This is also consistent with  DRI [Digital Research Inc.] documentation.  See for example, p.    4 or the DRI TEX manual."But does he like it there?This short excerpt   the "SIDE-PORT PLUG-IN's" and the "INTERNAL MODIFICATIONS".   These three types describe the way the hardware connects to the  ADAM to  make that hardware type useable.  All three types can be  used in   conjunction with each other to further enhance the ADAM's  native   power.  To properly review all of the many peripherals  could well  require a book of hundreds of pages.  As I don't have  those 100's  of pages to play with, I'll try to list as many of these products as I can and tell you a bit about --where one day it's warm and the rest of the year it's  cold.--Minnesota:  glove it or leave it--survive here, and the rest of the world is easy!" (Lee  A.       Hart, 'More model 100 info' The Z-Letter #30.When I read that, I was sure Hart really meant Alberta.  Weren't   we smart to move to the Island?Last Words Dept.  Recommended reading is GATES, (Manes & Andrews,  Touchstone, 1994 ((now being remaindered around $11.49)) a         biography of the self-made youngest US multi- billionaire Bill  s one of YOU has asked someone or even your    self one of these questions at some point!  If the answer is yes,   then maybe you came up with the same reasons and answers that I     did at these times.In answer to these perfectly valid questions, I must point out a    few simple truths.  First of all, when Coleco began to market the   ADAM, there were NO computers on the "for home" market that could   touch the ADAM for included hardware and software support!  Only    Coleco provided the buyer with a tru‚DےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےقےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےFROM THE ADAM SURVIVAL GUIDE COLECO ADAM HARDWARE PRODUCTS Original and Third Party Perriferals By Ronald CollinsHARDWARE for the Coleco ADAM Family Computer System generally       falls into into three basic categories:  the "CONSOLE PLUG-IN's", is from a letter to the editor of the Z-        Letter, a CP/M, Z-Systems and similar interests newsletter.  The   writer was trying to tell the editor about his new home state:"Dear David:Hello from Minnesota ----where I came, I thaw, I transferred--where many are cold, but few are frozen--mosquito supplier to the free world--land of many cultures (mostly throat)--where the elite meet the sleet--where ducks don't fly south, people do--where they only grow three things; older, colder and  fattertheir use.  I'll   be covering an array of both original Coleco hardware and some      very exceptional products by third party vendors, old and new.Before getting into the different devices now available, let me     answer a question I have been asked many times over the last few    years:  "Why do you still hang onto your ADAM?" This is at least    as prevalent as the old "why don't you buy a "clone"?...you could   have bought one for what you paid a little bit at a time to build   up your ADAM!" Perhap   Gates, of Microsoft fame.  Well written and often exciting         reading that goes a long way toward explaining the man and the     company.  Including the monster $120 million (U.S.  dollars, so    we're talking real money here) settlement the courts recently      ordered as a result of a suit by Stac Electronics. up is great.More good news.  NIAD (Northern Illiana ADam) is yet again among   the living.  To make a long story short, NIAD e letter quality daisy wheel    printer.  Only Coleco provided a built-in, high speed DIGITAL  mass storage system.  Only Coleco provided an electric typewriter  that  could convert to a dedicated word processor at the touch of  a      single button.  And, only Coleco provided all of this at a cost  of hundreds of dollars under the thousand dollar mark!My first stand alone ADAM was purchased at a close-out price of     $299.95 at a local Kaybee Toys store to replace my much in demand   (by the kids) origing you system referred to as a "toy".  The market for the MS- DOS/IBM  compatible system has become an ever more expensive and  cut-       throat business as more and more vendors learn this fact.   In the  mean-time, we must all remember that there is really very  little   these expensive computers can do for you that an ADAM with  the     proper hardware and software couldn't do just as well.To me, it all comes down to dollars and sense (not just cents!).    Almost any hardware you buy for your ADAM wil If you didn't like the systems listed above, you could pick up a    48K Atari 800 for $1089.  Disk drives for the Apple cost $439 for   each one!  A CP/M card for the same unit came in at $279!  If you   wanted a nice little daisy wheel printer to hook up to one of the   new computers, you could purchase a VISTA for $1795.00 or even an   NEC 5510 for $2595.00!  Dot matrix printers were much less costly   coming in between $449.00 for the Epson MX-70 and $999.00 for the   Okidata SL-300.  Don't even ask howll be priced at a "for any computer"     price, so you don't gain a thing by purchasing a DOS machine just   to use it.  The more ADAM specific hardware is usually priced at    less than a third of the "big blue" price.  Software to utilize     new items will cost as much as 40 times less than similar  software at the "IBM" price.  Besides the real money consideration, there is also much to be      said for sticking to what you are familiar with.  By the time you   learn how to use a new computer and masts wise, Coleco demonstrated to the     computer manufacturers a solid fact.  A toy's popularity (or that   of any item marketed as a "toy") tends to fade away as quickly as   any other fad.  As soon as the next level of "toy" hits the         market, the old one is put in the closet and forgotten.  If you     market a COMPUTER, even one with no more capability than the one    sold as a toy, but at an over-board price, you can make a great     deal of lot of money.  You also have a better chance of not  havinal $599.95 Expansion Module #3.  After 3  years of fighting with the kids for computer time, the second  system at  half the cost of the original seemed heaven sent!  For  comparison  I started browsing through some of my old QST magazines of that time period to see what the prices and features   were with respect to the competition.  I was astounded by the       prices!If you were "well to do" at that time, you could pick up a 48K      TRS-80 Model III computer for $1039 or a 48K Apple II+ for $1199!  l be something that    your current software will be able to use.  Other more  specialized software will now be available to you which supports the new form of hardware.  All of this will allow you to do even    more with the ADAM than you could ever have done before.  All  with a relatively small investment for one or two choice hardware        items.  This will always be less costly than the purchase of a      brand new computer system at today's prices!  The price for much    of the normal hard- ware wi much the software was priced    in those days!  When Coleco came out with so much computer for a    cost of $699.95 a little over a year later, it was no wonder the    competition went out of it's way to poor out the bad publicity we   had to live with for the next few years!Now, along come a multitude of IBM "clone" marketers with an all    to similar penchant for high prices on hardware and software!  It   would seem that by marketing the ADAM as a toy, at a toy's price,   then going "belly up" busineser the intricacies of the   new hardware and software, you could have been finished with your   task on even a stock ADAM system.Okay, with all that said, I'll climb down off my soap-box and get   back to the main topic of this article:  a review of the many new   hardware products available for the Coleco ADAM Computer System.   I.  THE CONSOLE PLUG-INS Coleco was good at selecting developers for it's new computer.  A   look at some of the names involved certainly bare this out.  For    the main syster's Software.  This, along with several    other cartridge packages such as the SMARTMATE CART, the COLECO     GRAPHICS PROCESSOR CART, the SmartBASIC CART and others are such  a good idea that I recommend them to everyone.  These cartridges      provide instant access to existing and in-house developed program   packages thus saving wear on your disk or data-pack drives.  Many   of the features are only available with access via the game port.   I must add something else here as well.  Walter's software hose in mind, but most of the developers who came       along after Coleco dropped our support soon came across more uses   for these access ports. THE GAME PORTProbably the most well known of the ports on an ADAM is seldom      thought of as a place to connect new hardware.  This is the game    cartridge port.  Besides the enjoyment derived from plugging in a   great ColecoVision game and playing it, there are other pieces of   hardware that were also developed in the shape of a game cart to    plug in ng of the GAME RESET is needed. THE ADAMNET PORTThe next console port is located just under the printer power       supply connector on the left-hand side of your ADAM.  The port is   shaped like a modular telephone jack, almost identical to that of   the keyboard connector.  This port was designed for the sole        purpose of connecting disk drives to the ADAM.  Coleco produced a   single sided disk drive which allowed up to 160K of data storage.   Some user's groups still carry a limited supply of tasy to use    once you get the hang of it.  Package allows the capture of sound   which will be digitized and stored on disk, data pack or hard       drive.  Sounds, once processed, can be added to SmartBASIC          programs and/or games."D.S.D.  with SmartCLOCK CHIP" by Syd Carter.  This version of  the sound digitizer also contains a SmartCLOCK clock/calendar  chip to  allow date stamping of EOS files and constant access to  the date   and time of day.  A very useful package."SMARTDISK CART" by Waltem design, we have Hewlett-Packard to thank.  I  would venture to say that without their advanced design knowledge, out computer would never have held up so well for so     many years.  The internal modem was developed by Anchor, a well     respected name in the field of telecommunications.  These are  just examples used to point out the professional design of the  ADAM.    As a result, our computer has 6 different locations in  which       hardware accessories may be connected.  Each had an original purpas an   excellent time saver in these cartridges.  The SmartBASIC version   will save about 95% of the standard load time.  All the utility     cartridges offer instant access to some really top-notch programs   and features.  The Graphics Processor cartridge allows one to use   an original Coleco package to capture game screens.  The one that   will be extremely useful to hard disk owners is the SmartMATE and   the EOS-BOOT cartridges as these allow instant access to the hard   disk system.  Only the pullihere.  A list of those currently available are:"SUPER SKETCH" by Personal Peripherals.  A graphics controller  pad with builtin stylus connected to a game cartridge type  interface.  You can select various colors and fill patterns.  Draw or trace a picture on the tablet and watch it reproduce on     your TV monitor."DYNOMITE SOUND DIGITIZER" by Syd Carter.  When plugged into the    game port, an RCA type cable is connected between this unit and a   low level audio source.  Software is icon driven and ehese drives,    and still others have upgraded the 160K drives to higher capacity   formats.  Besides the 5.25" single sided format, there are also a   few versions of the 320K double sided 5.25" drives available.  The first of these was developed by EVE Electronics and provided  a 256K drive size.  In House Service Representatives then created  a  stand-alone version (not a modified Coleco drive) that provided     302K and connected through the printer power supply port.  Later,   a company known as Orphore Coleco executive   action killed the 1200 baud idea.  Syd's modem plugs into Port 1    just as did the ADAMLink 300 baud modem.  This modem, however, is   a true 1200 baud modem.  A power plug/interface is also provided    that plugs into the printer/power-supply port.  A modular phone     cable then connects between this interface and a standard modular   phone jack.  The great advantage to the SYDModem is that it was     designed around an industry standard Hayes modem.  Using what is    known as the ne   but provide much greater capacity.  Currently, Micro Innovations    has 320K and 720K drive formats.  A hard drive that connects here   is also being considered for future development. THE INTERNAL EXPANSION SLOTSInside the main console of the ADAM, just under the plate that  can be popped off the top, there are located three expansion bus        ports.  Port ONE is on the left, Port TWO is in the center and of   course Port THREE is on the right, closest to the connectors for    the digital data dcard".  I don't know much about the card other than the   stories I have heard of it's converting SmartWriter text into the   language of the card (French, German, Spanish, etc.).  I do know    that a great deal has been done with the slot since then!"PIA-2 Parallel Interface Card" by Orphanware.  This card enabled   an ADAM owner, via provided software, to connect most any of the    high-speed dot matrix parallel printers to their system.  The use   of the PIA-2 allows the printing of high resolution gra   able to catch on.  Today's 9600 baud modem users will tend to not   agree with those executives.  The modem simply plugged into Port    ONE and the console cover plate snapped down on top of it.  A two   pin connector slipped neatly through one of the air vents over  the modem and plugged into the ADAMLink.  The cable then plugged  into  any modular telephone jack to complete the connection."SYDModem 1200" by Syd Carter.  This modem provided all that was    originally predicted for the Coleco modem befanware, developed a more reliable version    of the upgrade that allowed up to 320K of storage on an EOS media   and later, a 3.5" disk drive upgrade that provided 720K of data     storage.  E.& T.  later came out with their own versions of these   drive formats which were carried by many of the user's groups."MICRO INNOVATIONS DISK DRIVES" by Mark Gordon.  Mark has created   a great ADAM compatible disk drive that connects via the ADAMNET    port.  These drives are priced similar to the original Coleco oHayes AT Command Set, the SYDModem is compatible  with modem software utilizing these Hayes commands.  "OBS Clock/Calendar Card" by Orphanware.  This card was designed    by John Lingrel to provide ADAM owners with a low cost clock card   for their computer.  Current software provides date stamps and of   course constant access to the time of day.  T-DOS and CP/M access   the clock as well as various EOS programs.   SLOT TWOThe middle slot, Port TWO was used by Coleco for a no longer seen   "language rives. SLOT ONEHardware for Port ONE has been used for some rather useful pieces   items.  Coleco started the ball rolling and was soon joined by a    couple of other "third party" vendors who managed to find another   usefulness for it."ADAMLink 300 Baud Modem" by Coleco.  This modem was designed and   manufactured by a company called ANCHOR in the early days of the    ADAM.  Executives at Coleco adopted the 300 baud popular standard   because they didn't feel the newer 1200 baud modems would ever bephics art    that you can design yourself.  An addresser pin is also provided    to permit the full use of memory expanders larger than 64K."ADDRESSER-CARD" by Orphanware.  This card was designed for those   not wishing to purchase a dot-matrix printer but who still wanted   to connect a large memory expander to their ADAM.  The card's pin   allowed easy connection of the address-wire to the memory card."Multi-Purpose Interface Board" by Micro Innovations.  This card    has a lot of power when connectedds the file out to your printer.   The ADAM is back in YOUR hands and ready to create or work with  yet another spreadsheet.  Those who were able to purchase a copy of CP/M 2.2 were able to use this as another "disk drive" known  as a RAMDISK.  This ramdisk is used by simply moving to drive M:       (for (M)emory expander).  Files stored here could be accessed  VERY rapidly without the need to wait for a disk or data pack to  load   it in.  Soon after Coleco began to sell the 64K card, all hardware beganas did the cards listed  above.  The  unit not only provides all the features of the Multi-Purpose card above, but also connects you to the POWERMATE Hard     Drive unit.  A variety of configurations are available at this      time for you to choose from.  Currently supported are systems  from 10-meg drives on up to units with (2)40-meg drives and two  high    speed floppies!  Floppy disk drives are available an 5.25"  320K,   or 360K sizes or in the 3.5" 720K drive size.  The disk  drives are capable of rng the part   count down, the cost also dropped.  This was the first product to   provide a utility to diagnose itself and later to gain software     support in using the memory expander as a copy buffer in backing    up ADAM disks or data packs."ME-256K & ME-512K Memory Expanders" by Orphanware.  These units    were made available with ram-chip sockets onboard.  ADAM owners     could purchase a blank board to add memory to as needs demanded  or funds made possible.  Those chips varied in price a great deuble it's current size.  AdamCALC used the memory expander as a "print spooler".  If you     use AdamCALC, you already know that printing a spreadsheet on  your SmartWriter printer will effectively lock out the ADAM from  any    other use.  A memory expander, if installed, will be recognized by AdamCALC the moment it is booted.  When you get set   up to print something, the program will send your spreadsheet  data to the memory expander it now considers a "print spooler".   Once   there, the "spooler" sen to an ADAM.  It provides two of   the industry standard RS-232 ports (one for an 80 column terminal   and one for an external modem up to 19,200 baud!), one parallel     port similar to the PIA-2 and an address connector for a large      memory expander.  This product provides the greatest expansion of   an ADAM for the lowest cost per port."POWERMATE Hard Drive System" by Micro Innovations.  This  hardware product is the ultimate in expansion for an ADAM.  The  interface   card plugs into Port TWO just   a steady "phase out" by Coleco Electronics.  In an effort to keep     the memory expander available to ADAM owners, EVE Electronics did   a superb job of duplicating the Coleco board.  This was the start   of production on ever larger memory expansion cards from the many   other third party vendors and manufacturers."MX-64 64K Memory Expander" by Orphanware.  This small card used    less than one third the amount of components as the earlier cards   and took advantage of replaceable ram chips.  By keepiead and write operations to normal or enhanced Coleco disks but can't be used as boot drives.  You  still retain the use of any datapack or disk drives you may  already have connected to your ADAM. SLOT THREEThis particular port, located closest to the inside of the ADAM     console, was designed for the installation of a memory expansion    card.  First in this line was Coleco's own 64K Memory Expander.   A well built unit, the 64K card allowed ADAM owners to extend  their  SmartWriter workspace to doal  for a while.  Any 64K increment could be purchased already built  onto  the expanders.  Enhanced copy programs utilize these larger         expanders as do newer software to extend the powers of SmartBASIC   and other EOS software."256K MegaRAM Memory Expander" by E.& T.  This is by far the most   state of the art memory expansion card for the ADAM in terms of     capacity.  Built to resemble the Orphanware ME-256K cards, this     version uses the newer high capacity SIP units for storage rather   tha   the joystick ports, there is a little flip-up window.  Under this   window resides the SIDE PORT expansion bus connector.  A variety    of units have been able to utilize this "card-edge" because of an   almost direct line to the Z-80 microprocessor.  Many of the units   originally manufactured for this port are no longer available due   to their being discontinued by the builders.  Some of these units   were among the most powerful ever designed for the ADAM.  There     was the EVE SP-1 Serial/Parallel r size may be possible in the future. THE DATA DRIVE PORTS Our final entry on "in console plug-ins" concerns the ports used    to connect the digital data drive to the ADAM.  While the center    plate is removed to view the three internal expansion ports shown   above, it is possible to see the two cables running from your one   original digital data drive.  The point where they connect to the   ADAM has provision for yet a second drive or other device."Coleco 2nd Digital Data Drive" by Coleco ElectroBM compatible world of 16 and 32 bit computers."The MIDI-MITE Interface" by Bonafide Systems.  This unit is for    all of the music lovers in the world of ADAM.  Designed by Chris    Braymen, the MIDI-MITE makes it possible to connect a MIDI device   such as a keyboard or synthesizer to the ADAM.  Supplied software   makes it possible to play your favorite VideoTUNES music files on   the ADAM but with a special enhancement:  the music can be sent  to the keyboard instead of the TV speaker (which it also   was to do it the way Coleco did it:  DIGITALLY!   The Mega-COPY unit plugs into the jacks provided for the second     data drive.  Your second data drive then plugs into the Mega-COPY   to complete the installation.  The Mega-COPY allows the creation    of true digital data packs from standard 60 minute audio cassette   packs.  Since it's the ADAM that uses these data packs, who would   know better how to make one than ADAM? THE SIDE PORTOn the right hand side of the ADAM console, just under and behindn the older ram-chips.  Each SIP provides 256K of memory.  The   board will hold a total of 4 SIPs giving the ADAM a full 1 meg of   ram-disk memory."OPA 64K Memory Card" by Oasive Pensive Abacutors.  I mention the   latest entry on the scene because of it's incredibly small price    and size.  This unit is only about 2/3's or less the size of the    Orphanware MX-64K board.  The designer of the board, Gary Bowser,   told me he is using a different method of memory storage and that   a 256K unit of similaInterface Unit, the EVE VD-MB 80   Column Video Unit the EVE SS-CC Speech Synthesizer/Clock Calendar   card, the Orphanware 80 Column Video Unit, and the Orphanware RS-   232 serial interface card.  These units are still to be found for   sale on occasion but are not readily available.  Coleco's own one   hardware item designed and sold for the side-port was the Auto-     Dialer unit.  There is one NEW unit for the side port, however.   A unit who's only competition lies in the world of the high  priced   Inics.  This unit   is exactly the same as the original drive installed in the ADAM  at the time it was purchased.  Each data drive provides 256K of  data  storage.  The addition of the second drive saves excessive  wear on the original unit while doubling your storage capacity to  512K!  "Mega-COPY III & IV" by Syd Carter.  This unit has to bee one of    the most original hardware units ever devised for the ADAM.  Syd    figured, (and rightly so) that the best way to create a true ADAM   digital data packsupports).   By using the MIDI keyboard or synthesizer's own built-in ability to reproduce multiple musical instruments like     flutes, pianos, or even drums, you VideoTUNES songs can "come       alive" in up to 16 voices.  Each voice can be a different musical   instrument giving you a small orchestra at your fingertips.  MIDI   format songs that were created on other computer systems are also   compatible when a program called MiniRECORDER (also supplied) is    used.  If you play the piano, you can alsoe not currently     known to me as it has only just become available for purchase.  A   drive is currently on to create a library of support software for   the unit.  The A.I.M.  board will make it possible to connect VGA   monitors to the ADAM for the utmost in high resolution graphics!    The board uses the same video display chip as that found in the     Sega GENESIS game machine so the graphics quality should be quite   outstanding!  Possible inputs are for a 3 button optical mouse, a   direct video con Z80 CP/M based computer systems.   A persistently dedicated ADAM owner named Glen Smith convinced  John  Lingrel of Orphanware that the board could also work on the  ADAM.  It took months of hard work on John's part, and special  software   written by Tony Morehen and Guy Cousineau of AJM Software (who also wrote the PowerMate software) to make the        interface work.  At long last, the ADAM compatible hard disk was  a reality!  The way the card must be installed is to remove the  Z-80 from the ADAM's    the console.  Once it's installed, the mouse will work as  a        replacement for the joystick in many applications programs.   The   small modification to the air vents will be almost unnoticed  but   will quite natural.  Proposed software to utilize this mouse  more  fully are ADAM specific drawing and even CAD programs.As you can see, there is a vast quantity of hardware available to   an ADAM owner who wishes to get more out of the system he or she    already has.  If you belong to a user's group the back right hand side  of    this board is a row of four chip sockets.  Three of these  contain  the chips responsible for holding EOS and SmartWriter.   The fourth is empty usually.  Just plug in the SmartCLOCK chip into that one empty slot and you can put the system back  together.  Supplied software permits date stamping EOS files and  calling up  the date and time under EOS or CP/M."The ADAM IMAGE MAKER (A.I.M.) BOARD" by Oasive Pensive Abacutors   The final details of this unit's installation ar record your              performances on disk or data pack (or even a hard drive) for        future play-back. II.  THE INTERNAL MODIFICATIONSThese last few hardware devices require the ADAM owner to open up   their console to make the installation.  Most modifications are     simple and easy to perform, so don't be afraid to tackle one."The Mini-Winnie Hard Disk Interface" by Advanced Concepts Design   Engineering.  This interface was originally produced for Kaypro,    Morrow, Osborn and a few othernection for VCR's, etc., and who knows what else.   We'll just have to "wait and see" what the final version of this    remarkable piece of graphics hardware will be like.  "The ADAM-Mouse" by Thomas Electronics.  This unit is available  in two different configurations.  The first is one that simply  plugs  into one of the joystick ports.  The second, requires a  special    interface to be soldered onto the back of the game board  and an    access hole cut into the ventilation vents on the lower  side of "game board" and a 40 pin IC socket soldered  in    it's place.  When this is done, the board plugs into the  socket    and a Z-80 plugs in a socket already on the Mini-Winnie  board.     Current software will support up to 40 meg hard drives  for EOS and T-DOS programs."The SmartCLOCK Chip" distributed by Syd Carter.  This small chip   is easily installed after the console is disassembled and the  game board removed.  What is left is the main "mother board" of  an      ADAM, the heart of the machine!  On, you will then have   a good line on where to purchase some of these items.  If you are   a modem users, I recommend the ADAM bulletin board systems, even    the commercial boards such as CompuServe and GEnie* as a source  of upgrade hardware for the ADAM.  I know there is much more out       there that I lacked the space to cover, so to the vendors who are   supporting these products, I say my apologies.  Details on the      many vendors who support the ADAM can be found in the remaining     chapters of td a program    like VDE Word Processing into RAM and RUN the program from there,   you don't need to worry about the program being in your drive.   It then RUNs much faster and more efficiently, the way it might  RUN   if you had it loaded on a Hard Drive. With ADAM's built-in Word Processor, a memory expander allows  you to work with larger files in the SmartWRITER mode.  You can  write  and store many more pages with at least a 64K memory expander to give you added room in which to work. Have you dec‚Dےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےقےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےے MEMORY EXPANDERS I use a 256K memory expander, which seems to be about the right    size for executing most of the things I do with my ADAM computer.   If you don't have a memory expander in yor ADAM, here are a  couple of reasons why you might want n the older ram-chips.  Each SIP provides 256K of memory.  The   board will hold a total of 4 SIPs giving the ADAM a full 1 meg of   ram-disk memory."OPA 64K Memory Card" by Oasive Pensive Abacutors.  I mention the   latest entry on the scene because of it's incredibly small price    and size.  This unit is only about 2/3's or less the size of the    Orphanware MX-64K board.  The designer of the board, Gary Bowser,   told me he is using a different method of memory storage and that   a 256K unit of simila  the source and then WRITE to the destination.  This saves time,  as well as wear and tear on your ADAM.  It also allows me to load      programs into RAM, to be RUN from there.  This makes the program    RUN much faster, and again saves wear and tear. This factor is especially handy when working with CP/M or T-DOS.   I simply load the necessary utilities into my RAM, then use them    whenever needed, without worrying if they are on the disk in my     disk drive at the time I need them.  Also, if you loahis conglomerate ADAM SURVIVAL GUIDE.  I urge you to   give them your continued support over the coming years. rate A5" disk drive upgrade that provided 720K of data     storage.  E.& T.  later came out with their own versions of these   drive formats which were carried by many of the user's groups."MICRO INNOVATIONS DISK DRIVES" by Mark Gordon.  Mark has created   a great ADAM compatible disk drive that connects via the ADAMNET    port.  These drives are priced similar to the original Coleco oided that you would like to have a memory expander     yet? If so, we have 64K memory expander boards for sale for $35     plus $1.50 shipping.  Just send us a check and we will ship the     board to you by return mail.  If you feel you would like a larger   memory expander board, you can get boards that give you up to 2     Meg of memory from most of your ADAM vendors. -Faye B.  Deereto consider buying one. If you want to use Solomon Swift's terrific graphics program,      PowerPAINT, you MUST have at least a 64K expander to use the        program at all.  Using a larger memory expander, such as a 256K     board, allows you to work with more cells (a larger space) while    using the program.  This is a definite plus, when working with      PowerPAINT. My 256K memory expander allows me to copy a complete tape or       disk.  in one pass, without jumping back and forth to READ from   ‚LےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےقےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےMEMORY LOCATIONS                     00000-00255 - Zero page, interrupt routines00159 - Flash repeat rate (default: 12)00256-27406 - THE BASIC INTERPRETER00256-00258 - Start vector (cold start)00260 - Version number00262-00271 - Numbers (10000,3 - Load (HL) to FPA2 routine04384-04395 - Load FPA1 with 1 routine04396-04410 - Push FPA1 to Stack04411-04425 - Pop FPA1 from Stack04426-04440 - Push FPA2 to Stack04441-04455 - Pop FPA2 from Stack04456-04478 - Reset Carry flag (if -127<FPA1<127) otherwise set it          04479-04497 - Temporary ABS (makes FPA1 positive)04498-04547 - Table of floating point constants04548-04555 - Four integer constants04556-04586 - ATN coefficients04587-04627 - EXP coefficients04628-04648 - SIN (routine #1) coeff519-01552 - Load BC with number from crunch code (used by GOTO)01553-01568 - Print FPA1 in decimal (calls 3260)01569-01574 - Add FPA1 with (HL)01575-01582 - Subtract FPA2 from FPA1, put result in FPA101583-01831 - Add FPA1 and FPA2, put result in FPA101832-01850 - Load FPA2 to FPA1. HL lost01851-01874 - Find sign (used by multiply and divide routines) 01875-01884  - Multiply FPA1*2 routine01885-01887 - Multiply (HL)*FPA1 routine01888-02017 - Multiply FPA1*FPA2 routine02018-02275 - Divide FPA1 by FP Get $0A - FF integer routine05008-05022 - Get $100 - FFFF integer routine05023-05030 - Load variable to FPA1 routine05031-05040 - Table of variable routine vectors05041-05046 - Load variable to FPA2 routine05047-05058 - Table of get routine addresses05059-05077 - Load FP variable from (BC) to (HL) routine05078-05094 - Load Int variable from (BC) to (HL) routine05095-05134 - Load String from (BC) to (HL) routine05135-05140 - Execute Variable Command, put result in FPA1 routine          05141-05166 cale FPA1 (if FPA1>10, multiply by 0.1)03604-03677 - LOG routine (calculates natural LOG (ln) of FPA1) 03678-03695 - SQR routine (calculates square root of FPA1)03696-03815 - Raise to power (^) routine03816-03911 - EXP routine03912-03945 - TAN routine03946-03953 - COS routine03954-04155 - SIN routine04156-04179 - Power Series Calculator #104180-04269 - ATN (arctangent)04270-04277 - Power series calculator #204278-04355 - Power series calculator #304356-04374 - Load FPA1 to FPA2 routine04375-0438 1000, 100,10,1 in floating point) 00272-00817 - Primary word table00818-00937 - Secondary word table00938-01055 - Parse vector table01056-01144 - Hi Cathy and copyright statement (RAM available for use)      01145-01151 - ], :, CR (the Basic prompt, poke 1145 to change) 01152-01463  - Error message table of errors that can occur during RUN01464-01483 - Offset table for Error Messages01484-01498 - Numbers (1 to F) this is an unused area01500-01518 - Load HL with number from crunch code (calls 5939) 01icients04649-04674 - SIN (routine #2) coefficients04675-04695 - LOG coefficients04696-04788 - RND (puts random number in FPA1)04789-04834 - Push FPA1 to Stack with string check04835-04868 - Pop FPA1 from Stack with string check04869-04898 - Load FPA1 to FPA2 with string check04899-04928 - Load FPA2 to FPA1 with string check04929-04962 - Get number from crunch code, part 204963-04981 - Offset table for number type (used by routine above)          04982-04994 - Get 0 - 9 integer routine04995-05007 -A2 routine02276-02284 - ABS routine (resets top bit of FPA1 to 0)02285-02325 - SGN routine02326-02353 - Toggle FPA1 or FPA202354-02406 - Load FPA1 to HL in integer format routine02407-02487 - Load HL to FPA1 or FPA2 (integer to floating point conv)      02488-02575 - Compare FPA1 with FPA2 (carry flag set if FPA1>FPA2)          02576-02874 - Convert number from ASCII to FPA1 routine02875-03259 - Table of powers of ten in floating point format03260-03579 - Convert FPA1 to decimal ASCII03580-03603 - S- Execute Variable Command, put result in FPA2 routine          05167-05321 - Variable Command Interpreter05322-05373 - Move string from crunch code to (FPA1) routine05374-05406 - Load FP number from (DE) to FPA1 routine05407-05416 - Move string from (HL) to (DE) routine05417-05467 - Add (+) routine05468-05474 - Subtract (-) routine05475-05481 - Multuply routine (calls 1888)05482-05488 - Divide routine (calls 2018)05489-05495 - EXP routine (calls 3696)05496-05635 - <,>, AND, OR, =, <>, <=, >=05636313-08341 - RESUME routine08342-08380 - GOTO routine08381-08418 - ON routine08419-08426 - REM, DATA routine08427-08476 - GOSUB routine08477-08492 - RETURN routine08493-08515 - POP routine08516-08556 - ON GOSUB routine (continuation of ON routine)08557-08752 - FOR routine08753-08956 - NEXT routine08957-09377 - INPUT routine09378-09481 - GET routine (calls INPUT to get one character)09482-09498 - RESTORE routine (resets all data pointers to 0)09499-09986 - READ routine09987-10041 - Get memory ad975-05993 - Stack setup routine05994-06015 - Find first line number address routine06016-06046 - Find next line number address routine06047-06068 - END routine06069-06111 - TRACE routine (sets bit 7 of B' to 1)06112-06156 - Execute command routine (resets bit 7 of B' to 0) 06157-06158 -06159-06189 - RUN routine (resets bit 4 of B' to 0)06190-06246 - Execute loop routine (sets bit 4 of B' to 1)06247-06335 - LET routine06336-06340 - TRACE routine (sets bit 7 of B')06341-06345 - NOTRACE routine (rese54-10463 - LEN routine10464-10507 - Check string length routine (used by LEFT, RIGHT, MID)        10508-10528 - LEFT routine10529-10552 - RIGHT routine10553-10615 - MID routine10616-10671 - Cut string routine10672-10813 - INT routine10814-10831 - ERRNUM routine10832-10843 - SPEED routine10844-10856 - POS routine10857-10869 - VPOS routine10870-11009 - LOMEM routine11010-11049 - HIMEM routine11050-11098 - Screen commands11099-11118 - COLOR routine11119-11138 - HCOLOR routine11139-11169 - PLOT rck for stack overflow)07311-07356 - Check String space (checks for 'out of memory')07357-07386 - Print program (used by list)07387-07554 - LIST routine07555-07704 - DEL routine07705-07739 - IF routine07740-07899 - PRINT routine07900-08109 - Print command errors routine08110-08113 - CLRERR routine (resets bit 0 of B' to 0)08114-08140 - ONERR routine (sets bit 0 of B',puts line # to GOTO @ $3EFE)  08141-08243 - CLEAR routine (resets all variables to 0 or nulls)            08244-08312 - DEF routine08-05653 - Compare strings (FPA1) and (FPA2) (2 flag is set if =)        05654-05704 - Executes (, -, NOT, for FPA105705-05759 - Executes (, -, NOT, for FPA205760-05796 - Check for math symbol in crunch code routine05797-05836 - Table of math symbol routines05837-05861 - Load FPA1 from crunch code, part 105862-05884 - Load FPA2 from crunch code, part 105885-05938 - Equation Evaluation (puts operations in proper order)         05939-05974 - Get Equation from crunch code routine (gets, calls 5885)      05dress10042-10072 - CALL routine10073-10090 - USR routine (similar to CALL)10091-10103 - PEEK routine10104-10125 - POKE routine10126-10163 - WAIT routine10164-10191 - & (similar to USR)10192-10308 - FRE routine (erases all strings not being used by a variable) 10309-10350 - VAL routine (checks for correct variable type)10351-10370 - ASC routine (checks for string variable type)10371-10410 - CHR routine (checks for numeric variable type)10411-10453 - STR routine (checks for numeric varable type)104ts bit 7 of B')06346-06350 - BREAK routine (resets bit 4 of B')06351-06355 - NOBREAK routine (sets bit 4 of B')06356-06377 - NEW routine06378-06386 - STOP routine06387-06422 - CONT routine06423-06554 - Command vector table (list of commands in order by token)     06555-06941 - Get variable type routine06942-07172 - DIM routine07066-07096 - Multiply HL x DE (part of DIM routine)07173-07263 - Check DATA length routine07264-07298 - Make string definition routine07299-07310 - Check stack routine (cheoutine11170-11218 - HLIN routine11219-11267 - VLIN routine11268-11319 - SCRN routine11320-11329 - HTAB routine11330-11350 - VTAB routine11351-11404 - DRAW routine11405-11458 - XDRAW routine11459-11472 - ROT routine11473-11486 - SCALE routine11487-11618 - HPLOT routine11619-11649 - PDL routine11650-11773 - STORE, RECALL routine11774-11785 - Read buffer routine11786-11790 - Set word scan routine11791-11837 - Word scan routine11838-11850 - Save registers and Set word scan routine11851-11863 - ne14549-14554 - Add C to DE routine14555-14604 - Check for symbol routine14605-14627 - Check for NOT, +, - routine14628-14650 - Check for + or - routine14651-14674 - Check and Parse data routine14675-14715 - Parse data routine14716-14741 - Parse secondary words routine14742-14754 - Table of math priorities14755-14776 - Print "Illegal Equation" routine14777-14870 - Equation evaluation in parsing routine14871-14968 - Parse equation routine14969-14975 - Parse WAIT routine14976-14990 - Parse DRAW r - Input line routine12185 - Line size limit (max line size)12369-12386 - Control character table12387-12419 - Control address table12420-12434 - Vectored screen print routine12435-12450 - Print return on screen routine12451-12499 - Check number size routine12500-12527 - Get length of line routine12528-12617 - Look for line number routine12618-12778 - Insert line number into table routine12779-12958 - Delete line number routine12959-13037 - Print (HL) with PR routine13038-13074 - Print primary wParse number routine15756-15813 - Parse line number routine15814-15901 - Parse DATA, REM or quotes routine15902-15910 - Parse = routine (prints "Illegal Command")15911-15925 - Parse : routine15926-15938 - Parse = routine (prints "'=' expected")15939-15949 - Parse , routine15950-15962 - Parse # routine15963-15976 - Parse TO routine15977-15990 - Parse AT routine15991-16006 - Parse GOTO routine16007-16028 - Print errors routine ("Line Number" or ":"+"Expected")        16029-16034 - Boot routine (caling routine13592-13658 - Make first string routine13659-13765 - Check type of character routine13766-13832 - Compare word to tables routine13833-13945 - Parse line routine13946-13968 - Parse command and finish buffer routine13969-13991 - Check for end of line routine13992-14081 - Parse command routine14082-14180 - Look for variable routine14181-14416 - Make variable  routine14417-14482 - Hold new variables routine14483-14529 - Make new variables routine14530-14548 - Fill crunch code buffer routiSave registers and Word scan11864-11883 - Letter check routine11884-11891 - Number check routine11892-11919 - Reset program pointers routine11920-11993 - Print parse errors routine11994-12009 - Print character with PR routine12010-12042 - Print to printer routine12043-12059 - Print to screen routine12060-12083 - PR routine12084-12109 - IN routine12110-12127 - Print table routine12128-12136 - Print a return routine12137-12149 - Input using IN routine12150-12158 - Print prompt routine12159-12368outine14991-15019 - Parse FOR routine15020-15034 - Parse LET routine15035-15092 - Parse IF routine15093-15101 - Parse FOR routine15102-15124 - Parse HPLOT routine15125-15187 - Parse DEF routine15188-15231 - Parse ON routine15232-15242 - Parse RUN routine15243-15306 - Parse LIST, DEL routine15307-15338 - Parse variable type routine15339-15515 - Parse variable routine15516-15542 - Parse dimensioned variables routine15543-15579 - Parse INPUT routine15580-15634 - Parse PRINT routine15635-15755 - ord routine13075-13163 - Print number routine13164-13263 - Print variable name routine13264-13272 - Print "FN"13273-13284 - Print data routine13285-13311 - Print string routine13312-13360 - Print secondary word routine13361-13378 - Check type of secondary word routine13379-13412 - Find primary word routine13413-13435 - Print command routine13436-13458 - Print line routine13459-13476 - Print line number and line routine13477-13512 - Print floating point number routine13513-13591 - Move first strls routine at 16481 to look for HELLO)       16035-16088 - CENTRAL LOOP16089,16090 - Pointer to start of Line number table16091 - Number of line numbers16093 - Length of Line number table16095,16096 - LOMEM pointer- Pointer to start of Variable table 16097,16098 - Pointer to end of Variable table16099,16100 - Pointer to end of Variable command name table16101,16102 - Pointer to start of Crunch Code table16103,16104 - Pointer to end of Crunch Code buffer16105,16106 - Pointer to the string of new variximum length of screen input buffer (128)16246 - Length of Input buffer16247-16291 - Input buffer16292-16453 - Basic words, math.16454-16501 - 16502 - Length of Crunch Code buffer16503-16762 - Crunch Code buffer16763,16764 - Coordinates of last HI-RES point plotted16765 - Current SCALE16766 - Pointer to shape table16768-16775 - Used for DRAWing and ROTating16776 - Current COLOR16777 - HCOLOR value16778-16787 - PDL buffer16788-16790 - Binary file header data (1,0,2)16791,16792 - Address of bin6128 - Command error number(offset used to print nonparse,tape error)      16129 - Speed setting (default: 255)16130,16131 - Vector to USR function16132,16133 - Vector to & (ampersand) routine16134 - ASCII code for Break (cntl-c)16135 - ASCII code for Pause (cntl-s)16136 - Indicator of pause16137-16147 - Temporary storage area16148 - ASCII code for indenting line numbers (default: 32)16149,16150 - Pointer to POKE limit16151 - Sign for the result of operations16152-16157 - Temporary FPA data and po and length of second file buffer16885-16911 - Complete file entry in directory16912-16950 - Temporary name holder16951 - Temporary storage by APPEND16953 - ASCII code for cursor16954 - ASCII code for blank space16955 - ASCII code for current character (under cursor)16956 - Left margin of screen16957 - Right margin of screen16958 - Top margin for screen16959 - Bottom margin for screen16960-16991 - Buffer for screen routines16992 - Unused RAM16993 - Number of lines on screen (y) for HOME16994 -numbers16195,16196 - IN vector used by READ16197,16198 - Vector to receive data from device (IN)16199,16200 - Storage of PR vector for writing to tape16201,16202 - Vector to transmit data to device (PR)16203,16204 - Vector to printing on screen16205,16206 - Length of Crunch Code buffer16207,16208 - Line number to GOTO, GOSUB, etc16209 - Temporary ASCII code for line indenting16210-16212 - Null string16213-16228 - PR vector table (the 8 addresses for PR routine) 16229 - IN   vector table16245 - Maables16107 - Number of variables16109,16110 - Pointer to start of Variable value table16111,16112 - Pointer to end of String space16113,16114 - Temporary pointer to end of String space16115,16116 - Pointer to start of string space16117,16118 - Pointer to current DATA line number16119,16120 - Pointer to current DATA Crunch Code16121 - Number of remaining bytes in DATA Crunch Code16122,16123 - Storage of DE for CONT16124,16125 - Storage of HL' for CONT16126,16127 - Line number where ONERR will go1ary file in RAM16793 - Length of file16796-16808 - Temporary name of file in first file buffer16809-16820 - Temporary name of file in second file buffer16821 - Device number for drive16822 - Temporary storage for files16829,16830 - Vector to NO/MON I16831,16832 - Vector to NO/MON C16833,16834 - Vector to NO/MON L16835,16836 - Vector to NO/MON O16837-16846 - Header for first file buffer16847-16856 - Header for second file buffer16857-16870 - Name and length of first file buffer16871-16884 - Nameinters16158 - FPA1 data used in division16161 - FPA1 status byte (0=floating point number, else a string) 16162 -   FPA1 mantissa and exponent16167 - FPA2 data used in division16170 - FPA2 status byte (0=floating point number, else a string) 16171 -   FPA2 mantissa and exponent16176 - Maximum width of printer line16177 - Position of head on printer16178-16182 - Temporary FPA for SIN, COS, etc16183-16191 - Temporary FPA for calculations16192,16193 - Random seed number16194 - Sign of floating point  Number of columns on screen (x) for HOME16995 - Starting column number for HOME16996 - Starting line number for HOME16997 - Address in VRAM of Name table16999 - Adress in VRAM of Pattern table17001 - Current line (y) position of cursor, same as VPOS17002 - Current column (x) position of cursor, same as POS17003 - Current input byte(last ASCII byte read from keyboard or tape)      17004 - ASCII base17005 - Blinking cursor indicator (0=blinking, else not)17006 - ASCII base for cursor17007 - Current741 - Put COLOR routine18742-18754 - Get color routine18755-18764 - Translate color routine (translates TI color to Coleco)       18765-18780 - HCOLOR table18781-18796 - COLOR table18797-18931 - Plot HLIN routine18932-19093 - Plot VLIN routine19094-19186 - PLOT point routine19187-19263 - Do SCRN routine19264-19286 - Read foreground color routine19287-19303 - Read background color routine19304-19314 - HOME screen routine19315-19333 - Load video registers with address routine19334-19347 - Load vidontrol-d buffer17042,17043 - Temporary pointer to file names17044,17045 - Pointer to default file name17046-17225 - Set TEXT routine17059 - Border color17115 - Text and background colors in Text mode17126 - Color of INVERSE text and background17198 - Number of lines17199 - Number of columns17201 - Top margin17202 - Left margin17226-17233 - Pattern of a character routine17234-17274 - Print character routine17275-17333 - Read keyboard routine17291 - Speed of cursor flash17334-17388 - Init screefor "Illegal form of OS command" 20416-20425 - FP or INT routine20426-20468 - DELETE routine20469-20531 - RENAME routine20532-20639 - RECOVER routine20640-20729 - LOCK, UNLOCK routine20730-20848 - Get address or length routine20849-20992 - BSAVE routine20993-21139 - BLOAD routine21140-21143 - BRUN routine21144-21330 - CATALOG routine21331-21351 - Print tape or disk name routine21352-21399 - Print file data routine21400-21412 - Print lock status routine21413-21443 - Read file name routine21444-8287 - Calculate Name table position routine18288-18303 - Calculate pattern position routine18304-18320 - Table of control ASCII18321-18354 - Table of control addresses18355-18378 - Calculate relative position routine18379-18452 - Print control-p routine18453-18491 - TEXT routine18492-18563 - GR routine18564-18587 - Lo-res block routine18588-18608 - GR video addresses18609-18727 - Set GR routine18711 - Color of text and background in GR mode18712-18727 -18728-18734 - Put HCOLOR routine18735-18 Name table (VRAM)17008 - Current screen or graphic mode (0=TEXT,1=GR,2=HGR,3=HGR2) 17009 -   Print character indicator ($FF=print to screen,0=they are not) 17010 -      Flash character indicator ($FF=some flashing,0=they are not)17011 - Frequency of Flashing17012,17013 - VRAM address of Name table for Flashing17014 - Control-d indicator (0=no control-d, 4=control-d pressed) 17015 -   Temporary storage of output17016 - Length of Control-d buffer17017-17039 - Control-d buffer17040,17041 - Pointer to Ceo registers routine19348-19375 - Calculate GR offsets routine19376-19422 - Plot top block routine19423-19470 - Plot bottom block routine19471-19692 - Print with tape check routine19693-19883 - Control-d tape routines19884-19970 - Immediate mode tape command checker19971-20123 - Immediate tape routines20124-20137 - First letters of commands20138-20302 - Table of tape command ASCII20303-20338 - Vectors of Immediate commands20339-20388 - Vectors of Control-d commands20389-20415 - Tape error ASCII n routine17389-17395 - Reset ($4271) to 0 routine17396-17415 - Print cursor routine17416-17447 - Print with control characters routine17448-17610 - Print without control characters routine17611-17977 - Control printing routines17978-17998 - Clear buffer routine17999-18046 - Clear screen routine18047-18084 - Clear rest of line routine18085-18111 - Read rest of line routine18112-18196 - Scroll screen routine18197-18245 - Update cursor routine18246-18265 - Read character from screen routine18266-121476 - Words for directory21477-21714 - APPEND routine21715-21838 - POSITION routine21839-21842 - Write to tape routine21843-21846 - Read from tape routine21847-21855 - MON I routine21856-21980 - NOMON or MON O routine21981-22048 - NOMON I routine22049-22454 - READ routine22455-22922 - WRITE routine22923-23041 - Check for record number or length routine23042-23230 - NOMON or MON routine23231-23248 - Legal file character ASCII23249-23262 - Default file names ($$$$1, $$$$2)23263-23278 - Drive tlor buffer26141-26150 - INVERSE routine26151-26162 - NORMAL routine26163-26176 - FLASH routine26177-26183 - Do POS routine26184-26190 - Do VPOS routine26191-26218 - Do HTAB routine26219-26271 - Do VTAB routine26272-26296 - Fill name table routine26297-26316 - Do XDRAW with no x or y routine26317-26332 - Do DRAW with no x or y routine26333-26343 - Do SCALE routine26344-26573 - Do ROT routine26574-26587 - Default shape table26588-26883 - Do DRAW routine26884-26903 - Do XDRAW routine26904-27406ne byte to tape routine23813-23934 - SAVE routine23935-23975 - Input routine for LOAD23976-24053 - LOAD or RUN routines24054-24098 - Input routine for RUN24099-24125 - Write program to tape24126-24296 - Tape error table (list of error ASCII for tape errors)        24297-24418 - Print file errors routine24419-24496 - Close files routine24497-24611 - OPEN routine24612-24933 - CLOSE routine24934-24942 - PR routine24943-25951 - IN routine24952-24979 - Read DE for a number 0-7 routine24980-25086 - S - Init VRAM table57545-      - Put VRAM57551-      - Get VRAM57610-      - Calculate offset57641-      - Point to pattern position57673-      - Load ASCII to VDP57683-      - Put ASCII to VDP57733-      - Bank switch memory57745-      - Get In/Out ports57797-      - Write sprite attribute table57939-      - Read game controllers58020-      - Update spinner58197-      - Decrement low nibble58207-      - Decrement high nibble58217-      - High nibble to low nibble58228-      - Add A and (HL), t date routine25362-25369 - Init's data (ASCII for "BOOT" and the BOOT routine)           25370-25411 - HGR2 routine25412-25432 - VRAM addresses for HGR25433-25483 - Set HGR2 routine25484-25600 - HGR routine25568 - Color of text and background in HGR mode25601-25685 - HPLOT x,y routine25686-25922 - HPLOT x,y to x1,y1 routine25923-26071 - Plot a point routine26072-26094 - Calculate offset for patterns routine26095-26122 - Write pattern and color routine26123-26130 - Pattern buffer26131-26140 - Coo device table (table of drive/device numbers)         23279-23303 - Check ASCII of file name routine23304-23323 - Get second file name routine23324-23363 - Get first file name routine23364-23476 - Get drive number routine23477-23488 - Skip over file name routine23489-23503 - Change file type routine23504-23520 - Look for default file name routine23521-23634 - Skip over header on tape routine23635-23768 - Update file backups routine23769-23795 - Read one byte from tape routine23796-23812 - Write o - Do PDL routine27407 - LOMEM (default)27648 - Start of string space52736-52992 - Numeric variables52992-53759 - Tokenized program storage53760-54271 - STACK54272-55295 - Buffer from tape for Directory55296-56319 - Buffer from tape-First file opened56320-57343 - Buffer from tape-Second file opened57344 - Start of operating system (EOS)57344-      - Write VRAM57370-      - Read VRAM57396-      - Write VDP register57423-      - Read VDP register57433-      - Fil VRAM (one character)57446-     et up File data buffer routine25087-25115 - Close File data buffer routine25116-25150 - Buffer check routine25151-25181 - Find File data buffer routine25182-25194 - Fill end of File data buffer routine25195-25206 - Get length of name routine25207-25235 - Get length of program routine25236-25256 - Increment block counter routine25257-25266 - ASCII for BASIC file name on tape directory (used by INIT)    25267-25353 - INIT routine25308 - Number of directory blocks to INIT (default: 1)25354-25361 - Se16 bits58283-      - Sound init58321-      - Sound off58343-      - Start song58374-      - Sound58552-      - Effect over58904-      - File query58907-      - Read directory for file58961-      - Set file in directory59024-      - Make file59904-      - Open file60164-      - Close file60268-      - Reset file60439-      - Read file60815-      - Write file61125-      - Set date61140-      - Get date61162-      - Initialize fole manager61197-      - Scan for file in directory61577-      -- Pointer to interrupt vector table64512-64559 - EOS data tables64560-64860 - EOS jump table64861-65215 - EOS RAM64864 - EOS revision number64865 - VDP mode64867 - VDP status byte64868,64869 - Pointer to sprite attribute table64870,64871 - Pointer to sprite generator table64872,64873 - Pointer to pattern name table64874,64875 - Pointer to pattern generator table64876,64877 - Pointer to color table64878 - Cursor bank64879 - Current device (default: 8 (tape drive 1))64880,64881 - Pointer to curr    - Print character62741-      - Print buffer62829-      - Start print character62844-      - End print character (check if printer is done)62848-      - Start print buffer62904-      - End print buffer (Check if printer is done)62930-      - Request printer status62935-      - Request tape status62940-      - Console initialization62986-      - Display character on screen63015-      - Console display63538-      - EOS start initialization63734-      - Hard initialization (cold start)63778-   tes to go65030 - User buffer65032 - Buffer start65034 - Buffer end65036 - Blocks reg65040 - User name65042 - Start block65046 - New hole start65050 - New hole size65112 - And down, EOS stack65112 - spin switch 065113 - Spin switch 165114 - Personal debounce65134 - And down, temp stack65134,65135 - Pointer to list of sounds65136,65137 - Pointer to sound 1 data block65138,65139 - Pointer to sound 2 data block65140,65141 - Pointer to sound 3 data block65142,65143 - Pointer to noise data block148-      - Go to word processor64157-      - Read EOS64158-      - Read one block64178-      - Write one block64198-      - Start read one block64226-      - End read one block64255-      - Start write one block64283-      - End write one block64373-      - Write to character device64390-      - Start read character device64421-      - End read character device (check DCB)64450-      - Start write character device64481-      - End write to character device63599 - warm boot address64511-       Check FCB61657-      - Mode check61711-      - Rename file61774-      - Delete file61819-      - Read block61926-      - Write block62017-      - Trim file62243-      - Initialize tape directory62530-      - Position file / EOS1 / EOS2 / EOS3 / CV A62534-      - Find DCB / Get DCB address62579-      - Request status62600-      - Read device dependant status62650-      - Read keyboard62667-      - Request keyboard status62672-      - Start read keyboard62688-      - End read keyboard62716-  ent PCB block64882 - Device ID64883 - File name address64885 - Keyboard input buffer64886-64901 - Printer buffer64902 - Sectors to INIT64903 - Sector number64904 - DCB image64940 - Query buffer64594 - FCB buffer64980 - File count64981 - Mod file count64982 - Retry count64983 - File number64984 - File name cmps64985 - Directory block number64987 - Found entry64988 - Volume block size64992 - Year64993 - Month64994 - Day64995 - File manager dir ent65025 - fmum65026 - Bytes reg65028 - By   - Soft initialization63819-      - Hard reset AdamNet63839-      - Delay after hard reset63856-      - Synchronize Z80 and Master 6801 clocks63947-      - Scan AdamNet64047-      - Relocate PCB64076-      - Get PCB address64081-      - Soft reset keyboard64085-      - Soft reset printer64089-      - Soft reset tape64093-      - Soft reset device64123-      - Read keyboard, return code64127-      - Read printer, return code64131-      - Read tape, return code64135-      - Read return code6465144 - Save control sound65145 - Old chr65146 - x min65147 - x max65148 - y min65149 - y max65150 - Line buffer65183 - Number of lines65184 - Number of columns65185 - Upper left65187,65188 - Pointer to name table65189 - Cursor65216-65219 - Pointer to processor control block65220-65240 - Device control block for the keyboard65220 - Status byte for keyboard65221,65222 - Pointer to keyboard buffer (65885)65223,65224 - Length of keyboard buffer (1)65236 - Devicr number for keyboard (1)65237,ly  at a loss when it comes to using it.First of all, what is CP/M, REALLY? The words themselves stand  for Control Program (for) Microprocessors.  The Coleco manual  says     that it stands for Control Program Monitor.  Other references say it stands for Control Program Microcomputers, but    Digital Research says that the M stands for Microprocessor.  Just think of CP/M as a fundamental part of your ADAM that does     the usual things you expect your computer to do.  Things like       storing informave65263,65264 - Pointer to tape buffer (55296)65265,65266 - Length of tape buffer (1024)65278 - Device number for (current) tape drive65279,65280 - Maximum length of tape buffer (1024)65281 - Device type for tape drive65282 - Node type for tape drivefault: 32)16149,16150 - Pointer to POKE limit16151 - Sign for the result of operations16152-16157 - Temporary FPA data and pofunction of CP/M, what's the big deal? If   we have a control system that seems to work pretty good, why come   up with a totally new system to do the same thing?If we were the only kid on the block, there wouldn't be much  point in having another control system.  The one we have is  really very  good, ---better, by far, than most other computers that were around when the ADAM was introduced.  These dozen or more computers, like the ADAM, all had unique        control systems.  The big problem was that‚DےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےقےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےFrom the ADAM Survival Guide CP/M FOR NEW ADAM USERSThere are a fairly large group of ADAM users who need a little      help understanding CP/M.  They keep reading about all of these      wonderful things that CP/M can do for them but they are total65238 - Maximum length of keyboard buffer (1)65239 - Device type of keyboard65240 - Node type of keyboard65241-65261 - Device control block for printer65241 - Status byte for printer65242,65243 - Pointer to printer buffer (64886)65244,65245 - Length of printer buffer (1)65257 - Device number for printer (2)65258,65259 - Maximum length of printer buffer (16)65260 - Device type for printer65261 - Node type for printer65262-65282 - Device control block for tape drive65262 - Status byte for tape drition on on your data pack or disc drive.  You        normally do this with the ADAM and its built-in control program.    Well, when you put your ADAM under the control of CP/M you can do   these same things and a lot more.  When you want to get a program   that has been stored on a data pack or a disc, the CP/M control     system does that about the same as before.  The commands are        worded a little differently, but in no way are they complicated.    Usually they are simpler.Well if that's the main inters16158 - FPA1 data used in division16161 - FPA1 status byte (0=floating point number, else a string) 16162 -   FPA1 mantissa and exponent16167 - FPA2 data used in division16170 - FPA2 status byte (0=floating point number, else a string) 16171 -   FPA2 mantissa and exponent16176 - Maximum width of printer line16177 - Position of head on printer16178-16182 - Temporary FPA for SIN, COS, etc16183-16191 - Temporary FPA for calculations16192,16193 - Random seed number16194 - Sign of floating point  none of these control    programs would work with any computer other than the one they  were designed for.  The MORROW was a great computer and so was  the      OSBORNE and the KAYPRO.  But if I had a document written on a       KAYPRO, I couldn't make a copy on a disc and give it to someone     that had an OSBORNE.  I couldn't even send it to him over the       telephone with a modem.  There was an appalling lack of             compatibility existing then among the many computers in use.They all could dections needed to be uniquely tailored  for the computer it was to be used with.  All of the other  operating   sections were the same for all computers.  The unique  section was  a sort of traffic director for the commands it received.  The part of CP/M that Digital Research set up for this   traffic director function was named the BASIC INPUT OUTPUT          SECTION, or BIOS for short.  This BIOS is unique in every version   of CP/M.  If a command is received to direct the output to a        printer, themputer had some sort of spread sheet  accounting program.  Not all of them were terrific.  Coleco just  happened to  bring out one of the best ones in its ADAMCALC, but only ADAM users could use it.  Look at all of those special         programs that Coleco developed; programs like ExperType, RECIPE     FILER, FLASH CARD MAKER, TELLY TURTLE, SIMPLE CALC, SMARTFILER,     WACKY WORD GAMES, BRAIN STRAINERS and dozens more.  Others like     COMMODORE had ten times as many as ADAM.  But none of us could  use th and it will direct the data to the disc drive port.   But  just pointing a stream of data to a port won't get the job  done.Where does it fit on the disc? The arrangement of data storage as   to the sector and track depends on the computer.  You and I don't   really care how it does all of this.  Just so it gets stored and    we can get it back when we want it.  But Digital Research had a     few ideas on ways to do this.  The CP/M management of files on      disc (or data pack) is beautifully efficient.a keyboard or a punched tape (and later tape and  disc       drives).  They all had output devices, such as the monitor  screen, or a printer or some kind of storage device like a disc  drive or a magnetic or punched tape.  However, there was no way that a program could process a keyboard command of one computer  on a different computer even though the computers were using the  same CPU and standardized keyboards.So CP/M was created to provide several distinct operations.  Only   one of these operating so about the same kind of operations.  They could    all be programmed to do word processing, but a word processing      program written for a COMMODORE 64 was totally useless on a         FRANKLIN, or any other computer.  It was like the biblical tower    of Babel.  Everybody could talk but nobody understood anybody       else.  ADAM went the distance and put a built in word processor  on a ROM chip.  It was a good one, too.  But you couldn't share        SMARTWRITER with a MORROW user.Just about every con the BIOS would send the data to the appropriate  port connected to the printer.  That port is completely different  in    every computer.  When a computer manufacturer decided to con        figure his machine for CP/M there had to be a lot of collaboration between him and Digital Research to create the  BIOS.  A CP/M command to save a file to disc, must be the same no  matter what computer is being used, but the routing of that command is different in every computer.  CP/M sends the request  to the BIOSe programs that were made for a different computer no  matter how much we wished that we could.And this is where Digital Research came in.  They developed a       thing called CP/M.  It wasn't a program for any one computer, but   was adaptable to about every computer on the market.  This was  not such a tall order, because most of the microprocessers were  using  either the Zilog Z80 or the Intel 8080 CPU chip.  And for  the most part they all had the same functions.  The input of data  came from either   For example, if  you delete a file in CP/M, that deleted file space is immediately       available to your computer to store new data.  In the ADAM EOS      (Extended Operating System) a deleted file merely makes it          inaccessible to the user.  It still takes up room on the disc.      Worse yet, the ADAM control system counts the blocks remaining      according to the active files in the directory.  This might tell    you that you have 100 blocks remaining when in truth you have       none.In the C of the ADAM computer       (very few computers have CP/M as a built-in system), it resides  on either a data pack or a disc.  You have to load it into the  ADAM   memory space from the disc.  To give you some idea of the  size of  CP/M, a disc that has the CP/M system tracks, reserves  the first   15 tracks of the disc for the system.  That is 15 Kilobytes of space.  So a 5.25 inch floppy disc, which can store    160 Kilobytes of data, really has only 145 Kb available for file    storage.  The first 15 red have given the manual to a user and then see how much he understood.  Then it      should have been rewritten so that it is easier to read.I personally think that the ADAM CP/M manual is the main reason  so many ADAM users are confused about CP/M.  Once you get the  hang of CP/M, you will find that it is extremely easy to use.I said that CP/M was divided into four sections.  So far, I         briefly mentioned the BIOS (Basic Input Output Section).  The       other sections are the Basic Disc Operatids and initializes the         programs and variables necessary to return control to the Command   Control Processor (CCP).There are two ways to boot CP/M.  The first is the "cold" boot      that we used to start up CP/M from a disc.  The cold boot is done   with the reset switch.  There are situations in running CP/M when   you want to restart but don't want to do a cold boot.  This is      done with a "warm" boot.  When you turn on the computer, it will    just sit there waiting for instructions.  Beforith the disc or data pack.  These are   listed in the ADAM CP/M manual, but I will summarize them here:Disc or datapack system resetDrive selectionFile creationFile closeDirectory searchFile deleteFile renameRandom or sequential readRandom or sequential writeInterrogate available discs or data packsinterrogate selected discs or data packsSet the DMA addressSet or reset file indicators.The CP/M system, as you can see from its structure, is sort of      large.  Since it is not an integral partP/M disc management, it's WYSIWYG (what you see is     what you get).It is unfortunate that Digital Research has never published a       manual on their techniques of file management (or anything else     having to do with the workings of CP/M).  Some of this in           formation is extremely hard to find.  There are several very good   books on using CP/M.  One of them is NOT the manual that came  with your ADAM version of CP/M.  It reminds me of Japanese  operating    manuals for VCRs etc.  They shoulserved tracks are used as follows:Tracks 0 thru 12 are the actual CP/M operating systemTracks 13 and 14 are the directory tracks.To get the CP/M off of the disc and into the ADAM memory, you  just pull the reset switch.  As soon as you do this, you can see  the    disc operating light come on.  The BOOT function is located  at the base of the random access memory at 0000H.  H designates            hexadecimal.  Now the BOOT contains machine code which will         perform a warm boot.  A warm boot loang System (BDOS for        short); the Transient Program Area (TPA for short) and the  Console Command Processor (CCP for short).  These are very formidable sounding names.  But please don't be intimidated.        Learning CP/M is so very worthwhile that every moment you take to   become familiar with it will repay you a thousand- fold over.  Let's take a brief look at the function of these other sections  of CP/M.  The Basic Disc Operating System (BDOS) does a lot of         operations, all associated we a computer can  do anything it must have a program stored in memory.  But as I         pointed out above, CP/M is an alien system and doesn't reside in    the ADAM.  It must be put into memory, 4but we have no command to   do this since there is no program in memory to respond to a         command5.  For this we must bootstrap CP/M into memory.  That is,   it must pull itself in.  This is not a software function.  It is  a hardware function and in the ADAM it is done with the reset         switch.  From nr the processing of CP/M programs.  This is where the    program that you are using is located.  If you are typing with a    word processing program, this is where the action is.  The size  of the TPA varies from one computer to another and even varies in  the ADAM, depending upon the configuration you are using.   Normally,   and this applies to 99% of us, the TPA size is 49,920  Bytes.  Tony Morehen has written a replacement for CP/M called TDOS which increases the TPA.  However, it needs to have an 80  you get into  an operation that is going nowhere or one that will take a long  time  to complete and you are satisfied with what the program in          operation has provided.  For example, suppose you are displaying  a very long document and it will be scrolling up the screen for  the  next ten minutes.  You have seen all you want, so to stop the       action and return to the CP/M prompt, you just do a warm boot  with CONTROL-C.I should explain what is meant by "CP/M prompt".  When you cold     boot ortandard ADAM CP/M  the    CCP starts at memory location C400H (50176 Decimal).  This is  the  part of CP/M that reads your console (keyboard) input and           processes the commands it receives.  It is primarily a symbolic     interface between the console and the rest of the CP/M system.      The CCP sends and receives information to and from the Basic Disc   Operating System (BDOS).  It sends and receives information from    the Basic Input Output System (BIOS).  It receives data from the    console an know what the directory assignments are of that new disc.  There are a number  of directory programs that will read the directory tracks and  tell    you some vital information abut the stored files.  But if  you have failed to perform a warm boot, the directories may contain erroneous data.Now that CP/M is loaded into memory, your system parameters are     located from the start of the BOOT (at 0000H) to 0100H, which is    the start of the Transient Program Area (TPA).  This area is        reserved foow on, when CP/M does reside in memory, there is a   program in memory that will respond to a boot command, and that  is located at memory location 0000H.  Anytime we perform a  software   (or warm) boot, CP/M goes to the memory location 0000H  for BOOT    instructions.  The command for a warm boot is CONTROL-C.   No       matter where you are in the execution of a program, you can         interrupt and reboot with a CONTROL-C.  This will, of course,       abort all operations in progress.  It is useful if     Column device installed in order to achieve this enhanced TPA.  A   lot of older computers have smaller TPAs.  When CP/M was first      introduced in 1975, TPAs were limited to 16K.  The ADAM TPA is      adequate for about 95% of all CP/M programs available.  But there   are a few that are too big to fit in the 49K TPA.  Not to worry,    you will rarely find a program too large for ADAM's TPA.Lying higher in the memory organization, just above the TPA is  the Console Command Processor (CCP).  In the s warm boot CP/M, the CP/M system is activated and made       ready to use.  This waiting for action is indicated by the CP/M     prompt which appears at the left side of the screen.  The prompt    is A>.A warm boot must always be performed every time you change a  disc.  If you haven't performed a warm boot and you attempt to  write a   program to a disc, which has just been put into the disc  drive you will get a BDOS error diagnostic.  CP/M needs to know  that a disc  change has been made so that it cand sends information to the terminal.  This is the nerve   center of CP/M but it requires only 2K of the memory.  It runs      from C400H to CC06H where the Basic Disc Operating System (BDOS)    begins.  Quite often many references will refer to the start of     the BDOS as the start of Functional Disc Operating System (FDOS).   The FDOS is a combination of the BDOS and the BIOS.  There is no    specially designated memory location for the BIOS.  That is not  to imply that specific functions of the BDOS and ly  at a loss when it comes to using it.First of all, what is CP/M, REALLY? The words themselves stand  for Control Program (for) Microprocessors.  The Coleco manual  says     that it stands for Control Program Monitor.  Other references say it stands for Control Program Microcomputers, but    Digital Research says that the M stands for Microprocessor.  Just think of CP/M as a fundamental part of your ADAM that does     the usual things you expect your computer to do.  Things like       storing informaack needed on a disc is a short  command   to make a connection with the computer which contains the           operating functions built in.  CP/M must have everything a system   needs on its disc system tracks, which are loaded into ADAM  memory as I just described.I would like to give you a short bibliography of some excellent     books that I recommend.  The best one I have ever seen for          introduction to CP/M is:USING CP/M (a self teaching Guide) By Judi M Fernandez and Ruth Ashley Publishe  And how terribly      Coleco botched the marketing of this great machine.  Many of us    have heard of the horror stories concerning the first production   ADAMs.  Let me quote to you an excerpt from the July 1985 Coleco   ADAM Users Group newsletter: "A while ago I talked with Joseph Sheppard and this is what he    had to say:CAUG:  Would you still buy an ADAM today?JS:  Yes, I would.  I still feel, regardless of what Coleco has    done, ADAM, right out of the box, is the best computer for the     k on CP/M is:The CP/M Handbook (with MP/M)by Rodney ZaksPublished by SYBEXMy favorite book on CP/M is:OSBORNE CP/M USER GUIDEby Thom HoganPublished by Osborne/McGraw-HillThomas J.  KeeneےےFrom the ADAM Survival Guide CP/M FOR NEW ADAM USERSThere are a fairly large group of ADAM users who need a little      help understanding CP/M.  They keep reading about all of these      wonderful things that CP/M can do for them but they are totalBIOS are just         anywhere in the FDOS.  The cold start and warm start routines are   located at very specific addresses as are the console input         routine, the console out routines, the select disc routine, the     set track routine, the read disc routine, the write disc routine    and on and on.  These all have very specific locations.This should give you a sort of rough idea of the general layout  of the CP/M system.  The ADAM EOS system is self contained in a  ROM   chip.  The only system tr‚CےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےقےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےFrom the ADAM Survival Guide NOSTALGIA I wonder what ever became of... Recently I ran across an article that was talking about the       early days of the ADAM.  In retrospect, it is truly remarkable     how enthusiastically the ADAM was received.d by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.There is a training course put out by HEATH/ZENITH that is          terrific.  It isn't cheap, but you can get college credit if you    complete the tests that are part of the course.  Ii uses a          combination of written text and a large number of audio  cassettes.  Extremely well presented!  I am not sure if it is listed in the current catalog, but it should still be available.    It is called:An Individual Learning Course in CP/MModel EC-1120.A fairly advanced boomoney.  My expanded ADAM (two tape and two disc drives) with all   the Coleco and third party software that I have is, in my          opinion, more than enough computer for me and most people. In fact, I was at Honeywell the other day and the technician      told me that the ADAM outperforms the Apple, in benchmark tests,   for speed and accuracy in computing.CAUG:  Did your ADAM work when you bought it?JS:  I was one of the first consumers in Southern California to    get an ADAM in December '83.  OfMike and Paula Smith and Brian Stranahan.  Several    times, it looked as though a cohesive group would emerge.          Barcroft, who had highly commercial ideas about the ADAM market,   moved off on his own and started putting ads in magazines for his  ADAM Users of America.  He advertised his newsletter which turned  out to be that infamous "GARDEN of ADAM".  Don't get me wrong.     That was a real slick newsletter!  Probably it was the most        totally professional newsletter ever put out by anyone.  they replaced it with the eighth one (It worked!) which   I am still using now.  But the truth is, I'm very glad that I      stuck with ADAM!" There were a lot of similar experiences with the first ADAMs.  A  lot of people point to the bad review that Consumer Reports gave   the ADAM as being its death knell.  I re-read that report and it   did have reservations about its poor reliability.  But it also     made the ADAM appear to be the best computer yet developed         (which, of course, it was).  I no be affiliated with M.W.  Ruth    although I don't know that for certain.  It was a fairly good      newsletter but not as good as many others of the months that       followed.  The Nevada ADAM Users Group headed by Al Roginski       formed that month but I have never seen a newsletter from them.    I'll have to ask Al about that, since he is a member of our        IEAUG.  This was just one month ahead of the equally dubious       ADAMLAND NEWS of the International ADAM Users Group, located in    Lander Whold!  They wanted so badly,  to get user groups going.  From personal experience, I know that   the IEAUG wasn't born over- night.  There were many private        meetings in various homes.  They really wanted to get going, but   friction and the inability to organize, plagued it for months.     Many prominent ADAM users attended those meetings.  Harvey Klein   and Mike and Paula Smith aggressively tried to get the group off   of dead center.  Bill Fee hosted one group which included Taylor   Barcroft and  course, at this early date,       virtually none of the ADAMs being sold worked and mine was no      exception.  I returned my ADAM FIVE times to TOYS-R-US.  The       fifth didn't work and they were all out of stock, so I shipped it  back to Coleco (pre-Honeywell).  Two months later I received my    6th ADAM from Coleco and it didn't work either.  By this time      TOYS-R-US had some in stock so I got my seventh which also didn't  work.  I read that Honeywell was fixing them, so I took it to      them and It was    truly outstanding.  But there was never a second issue.  I rather  treasure my copy of that newsletter.  It not only looked good, it  WAS good.  Wayne Motel was one of the contributors.  In October    1984, Taylor got his newsletter out ahead of nearly everyone.      That same month saw another commercial national ADAM users group   begin publication.  It was the SPRITE CHASER put out by the No.    1 ADAM Users Group of Cherry Hill New Jersey.  The president was   Jay H.  Forman and it appeared tever experienced any of those      problems that gave the ADAM such a bad reputation.  On the         contrary, I have found it to be OUTSTANDINGLY reliable.  I have    never owned any piece of equipment whether an automobile, VCR,     TV, Hi-Fi, or another computer that has even come close to the     reliability I have had with my ADAM. There is no question about it, though, Coleco made a big mistake  by marketing it before it was ready.  But the enthusiasm of those  early ADAM owners was something to beyoming and run by Buck A.  Rogers. Buck Roger's newsletter was not a fly-by-night operation and,     although not as slick as GARDEN of ADAM, it was superior in every  respect.  Very few newsletters since have matched it for           technical excellence.  There has been much said about the          incredible claims Rogers made for the equipment he was             developing.  But according to some people who actually saw his     stuff, he wasn't kidding.  That hardware was so outrageously       advance       Zimmerman appeared to be co-authors.  In February, the ADAM Users  Group of San Diego County put out their first newsletter.  This    group was directed by the efforts of Sue and Bill Askew.  The      group is no longer in existence.  It was largely held together by  Larry Overman who lived in Fountain Valley, California and drove   almost two hundred miles to each meeting.  It finally disbanded    last year with many of its members joining the IEAUG.  Strangely,  Larry joined the San Diego club beca commercial.  Unlike Barcroft's club, ADAM Users Group Inc.  was    not a ripoff.  It was published in Lynbrook, N.Y..  None of these  newsletters are in publication today. In January of 1985, four newsletters made their entry into the    field.  Three are still in publication.  One, NIAD, was a          commercial venture that had no local membership and held no        meetings.  Another was that very fine group in Houston, known as   the Greater Houston Area ADAM Users Group under Terry Fowler and   Tomisted in their newsletters.  It did not appear that it  was a users group and no mention was ever made about meetings.     But what a newsletter!!  Far and away the best I have ever read. Another independent publication, not affiliated with a users      group was the Expandable Computer News published by Sage           Enterprises.  It began publication in April of 1984, which makes   it one of the earliest, if not THE earliest ADAM newsletter.  It   was largely written by Darrel Sage, but there were manycommercial           enterprise and has never failed to hold a monthly meeting since    that first meeting in 1985. The following month, the Puget Sound ADAM Network published its   first newsletter.  They were merged from earlier groups.  The      Seattle-Tacoma ADAM Users Group, headed by Barbara Duncan and the  Northwest ADAM Users Group headed by Valerie Zimmerman predated    the Puget Sound ADAM Network.  When the Puget Sound club           published their first newsletter, Barbara Duncan and Valeried, that to this day, nobody has proposed anything half so   fantastic.  All I can say is that if his hardware was as good as   his newsletters, then it must have been terrific! Another newsletter, also commercial, hit the ADAM community in    December 1984.  It was also highly acclaimed, and a very           professional newsletter.  I speak of Al Gerson's AUGMENT, the      official newsletter of The ADAM Users Group, Inc..  Like Taylor    Barcroft's users group, it was heavily advertised and totally     use he wasn't aware that       there were any ADAM groups in this area.  Actually, at the time,   there was another very active ADAM group in this area (besides     IEAUG) and that was AUSOCAL --ADAM Users of Southern California.   One of the all-time best technical newsletters began its short    life in February of 1985.  That was the bi-monthly ADAM Technical  Journal of Milwaukee, Wisconsin.  I never knew what happened to    them.  The publisher was Serendipity Productions and no names      were ever l Rutan.  Also begun this month was the ADAM-X- Change in        Wolcott N.Y., first headed by Wade Rowley and later by Robert      Wright.  As far as I can determine, theirs was a fairly short      existence.  NIAD, founded by Lyle Marschand in the Chicago area,   still survives.  It was heavily committed to marketing hardware    and software, but was not a users group in the usual sense.  The   third, still existing, club that began publishing a newsletter     this month was our own IEAUG.  It was never a  regular    contributors who were among the most prolific writers of that      time.  Sage Enterprises was also a commercial venture.  Toward     the end, their interest turned to the Amstrad computer and very    shortly thereafter, the bi- monthly ECN folded. In May 1985, The ADAM Users of Southern California (AUSOCAL)      published their first newsletter.  The principal writers were the  founder, Harvey Klein, and Paul Schector.  This group drew its     support from the Los Angeles and San Fernando Valve in PLINK, which has     one of the friendliest ADAM forums in the country.  The following  month The Greater Cincinnati ADAM Users Group and the Denver ADAM  Users Groups began publishing newsletters.  The Denver newsletter  was a bi-monthly publication by Jesse Thornhill II.  The           Covington, Kentucky newsletter was the work of Harold Orndorff     and Keith Bowman. I wonder how many of you recall the ADAMNET.  It was the          property of Don Reese and generally operated out of Arkansas.  Irmous workload of scheduling meeting      places, putting out a newsletter etc., so he arranged to merge     AUSOCAL with IEAUG.  A compromise location in Anaheim, California  was convenient for both groups and that is where it is today.      The AUSOCAL newsletter was published for about three years. In July 1985, Jono Smith embarked on his short-lived California   ADAM Users Group (CAUG) with a single issue of his newsletter.     Greg Noblette was his assistant editor.  It was a good             publicanfluential users groups   founded.  If they published newsletters, I have never seen any.    The Bellevue AUG was started by Norm Castro in the Omaha,          Nebraska area.  Norm is still very active and has the exclusive    rights to sell the back issues of Expandable Computer News.        There was a group that Don Zimmerman started in the east, called   the Genessee Valley AUG.  Russell Williams in New York City        founded the Metro AUG.  In Bloomsburg, Pa.  Steve Chamberlain      formed the (717)  he was billed   for over $900 by CIS (which John maintained was in error) he       abruptly left CIS and the sysops job fell to the 12-year-old Jono  Smith.  Shortly afterward, John bought an Amiga and sold the       residue of his ADAM equipment to Tom Ball of IEAUG. The Kansas Coleco ADAM Users Group under David Carmichael, began  publishing their newsletter from Wichita, Kansas in November       1985.  It has been a mainstay in the ADAM community ever since.    David Carmichael has also been very actiley regions.      The group comprised a highly technically oriented membership.      They maintained a close liaison with the Inland Empire ADAM Users  Group.  Harvey, who was the sparkplug of AUSOCAL, was burning the  candle at both ends.  He was working on his thesis for an          advanced degree which would be more than enough for most people.   His wife who helped type his manuscripts, was stricken with a      terminal illness and died very quickly.  Understandably, Harvey    couldn't continue the enot  had numerous addresses in Arkansas.  Although it was a commercial  venture, it had a large impact on the ADAM community.              Ultimately, it too vanished.  Don Reese is now living in Diamond   Bar, California and has disposed of all of his ADAM gear as well   as his huge collection of ADAMANIA.  An IEAUG member, Bob Gorden,  of Yorba Linda, California bought his equipment.  IEAUG has his    vast library of computer programs (discs) and written documents. In the year 1985 there were a few more ition but lacked organization.  Jono later became the Sysop  of the ADAM forum of the Family Computing section on Compuserve.   His predecessor as Sysop was John Mesiavech, a giant of a man in   both physical and intellectual dimensions.  John lived in          Glendale, California and attended a number of our IEAUG meetings   despite the very long drive.  Before moving to the Family          Computing Forum, John was the mainstay at the Creative Computing   magazines ADAM section on Compuserve.  Later, whenADAM Users Group.  And in El Paso, Texas Dick     Lewin formed an ADAM Users group.  Brian Stranahan was listed in   almost every newsletter in the country as having the Southern      California ADAM Users group.  This was never the case.  Brian did  attend a number of the early meetings when plans were being        developed for a users group, but he dropped out and to my          knowledge, there never was a group led by him. Another piece of nostalgia is a company known as JJ's Gourmet     Hardware and     emergency room and another three day stay in the hospital.  One    of the reasons that I really retired and have not worked since     1987 is to relieve STRESS.  With anguish I stopped my bi-monthly   OAUC club meetings and now this.  I do not want any deadlines to   deal with anymore.  I will not put out a newsletter late (this is  5 weeks late already).I wish I could at least continue this newsletter until the         May/June issue...  but.Two of my subscribers have renewed their subscriptions a‚Cےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےقےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےے Norman Castro regrets LAST ISSUEI am going to face the uncomfortable fact - which you have sensed  - that I will have to give up this newsletter.  STRESS is in most  peoples lives and at times STRESS OVERLOAD occurs and the body     just cannot copemmunity for their support and    especially John and Jean Dougherty; from Omaha, who are still      planning to attend the next ADAM CONVENTION.r computer that has even come close to the     reliability I have had with my ADAM. There is no question about it, though, Coleco made a big mistake  by marketing it before it was ready.  But the enthusiasm of those  early ADAM owners was something to ben (age 1 year) and Ashley (age 5)  by herself.  She cannot pick up the baby because of her use of a   walker.  She will be in a cast for 3 to 5 months.  Her car was     totaled.  So now we added another three people to feed, wash       clothes etc.  On 5 Feb I was admitted in the Air Force base        hospital in ICU.  I was bleeding and while in the Emergency room   I had very strong chest pains that even nitro etc would not make   it go away.Then on 2 Mar I was throwing up blood again and back to the    Software Exchange.  It was later to be known as       Orphanware and later still as CL Digital.  And now, according to   it's founder, John Lingrel, it is Gone With The Wind.Thomas J.  KeeneIEAUGole and the rest of the CP/M system.      The CCP sends and receives information to and from the Basic Disc   Operating System (BDOS).  It sends and receives information from    the Basic Input Output System (BIOS).  It receives data from the    console annd I will  return their funds with this newsletter.Even though I have around 6 ADAMS I will not sell any as I will    continue to use this Family Computer.  I will help anyone that     needs help to understand their ADAM or an IBM clone as long as     they arrange advance notice that they need help.NOTICE:I will NOT trade newsletters as I will not publish any      more and because of extremely low sales will stop producing game   instructions for sale.  *** NOTICE ***I wish to thank all in the ADAM co with it anymore.On 25 Jan my daughter Rose was involved in a head-on car accident  on a dry four lane highway because the other woman "thought that   she could beat her".  Rose was going North and the other driver    was going South and turned right in front of her.  Results:        Crushed heel and ankle, broken and jammed hand, loose tooth etc.   She now has plates and screws in her right leg.  She also cut a    main nerve to her left knee and it will always feel numb.She can not take care of Karolyn‚Cےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےقےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےے THE PRESIDENT SAYS As I had mentioned before, Jim Notini, the editor of the NIAD     newsletter, is back in business.  If you were a member of NIAD,    you have probably already heard from him.  If not, his new         address is 9389 Bay Colony DrivS by Tom Keene.3)  NOSTALGA   "I wonder whatever became of.." by Tom KeeneI am genuinely sad as I report that Norman Castro has had to          discontinue his OAUC newsletter and other ADAM activities.  Norm has  been a true and faithful supporter of the ADAM and of all of us  ADAM users.  Norm, thank you for all that you have done for us  and for    the continuation of the use and growth of the ADAM computer.  We will miss you and sincerely hope that you and your      family find good health and happd be appreciated.  A couple of things we would like to get     your reactions to, are two SmartWRITER revisions and mass          production of a Data Pack Formatter. I understand that the above items, as well as some other things,  were in development when Coleco decided to slam the door on the    ADAM computer.  Somehow they have surfaced, and Jim has acquired   them.  Jim Walters, of Walters Software Co., RD #4, Box 289-A,     Titusville, PA 16354, Phone:  (814)827-3776, will handle the       SmartWRITrald Coast ADAM User's Group          contributed the following files from their June newsletter:8) ADAM-BUG   The solution to the ADAM printer extra line bug.9) MEMEX694   The ADAM memory expanders10) PRES-694  The June ADAM news article by Faye Deere.11) THNGS694  Things that Faye thought we might like to know.12) WRDPRO19  Norman Deere's 19th article in his excellent series              on ADAM Wordprocessing.AGAIN from the ASG editors floor we found anonymous contributions     entitled:13‚Fےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےقےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےے                 THE MAY 1994 ADAM NEWS NETWORK                            DISK # 2The files incldued on this disk are:FROM THE ADAM SURVIVAL GUIDE:1)  HARDWARE   Coleco ADAM Hardware Products by Ron Collins2)  NEW-CPM    CP/M FOR NEW ADAM USERe #3E, Des Plaines, IL 60016,       Phone:  (708)296-0675. I will not go into the many reasons of why Jim has not been       heard of for so long; just suffice it to say that "things          happen'.  However, he is again up and running, and I expect to     continue hearing from him for quite a while. Jim has come across a number of things that you will be hearing   about in the next AUGER; and, in some cases, we would like to      know your reaction to them.  Phone calls, faxes, and letters       wouliness in the future.   4) OAUCVSAD   The last article from the Omaha ADAM User's Club,              A very sad occasion for the ADAM community.David Cobley, editor of the Vancouver Island Senior ADAMphiles ADVISA Neswletter provided the following articles:5) FILEMNGR   FILEMANAGER Version 3.0 File Functions6) FORMAT2    A follow-on article to David Cobleys earlier              article on media formatting.7) GLEAN630   David Sands' newsy series on the ADAM world.Faye and Norman Deere of the EmeER revisions, and a letter or phone call to him as soon   as possible would certainly speed things up. If you are interested in the Data Pack Formatter, a letter or     phone call to Jim Notini might put the mass production of the      formatter on the front burner.  We will have details on all of     these items in the AUGER, as soon as possible. -Faye B.  Deereast continue this newsletter until the         May/June issue...  but.Two of my subscribers have renewed their subscriptions a) DIET      How ADAM owners can lose weight.14) MEMRYMAP  An unknown source lists memory locations &              meanings.ey arrange advance notice that they need help.NOTICE:I will NOT trade newsletters as I will not publish any      more and because of extremely low sales will stop producing game   instructions for sale.  *** NOTICE ***I wish to thank all in the ADAM co hurt to sanitize ADAM occasionally with a small vacuum made  just for cleaning computers, either.  You would be amazed at how   much dirt can accumulate. If you are somewhat lacking when it comes to typing speed and     accuracy, you might consider getting ADAM's EXPERTYPE program.     When I first started using my ADAM, I had not typed for several    years, and my typing speed was WAY off.  Working with EXPERTYPE    brought my speed up to snuff, and was very enjoyable in the        process.  My daughter‚Cےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےقےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےے----------------------------------------- THINGS I THOUGHT YOU MIGHT LIKE TO KNOW----------------------------------------- I was looking through some old newsletters when I came across     something that should be repeaated for our newer ADAM computrun the    division properly, but how much can you spend on software? The next time I feel like complaining about spending $200 for an  ADAM disk drive, I will give the $26,000 computer some thought     before I open my mouth.  Even at today's "rock bottom" prices, my  ADAM is a lot cheaper than an IBM or clone. -Faye B.  Deereeco made a big mistake  by marketing it before it was ready.  But the enthusiasm of those  early ADAM owners was something to be  It's kind of fun to watch    when you know you can't lose anything.  Remember, however, that    you will probably have to re-BOOT your ADAM to make the spiral     stop. If you don't have a cover for your ADAM console, a VCR cover      works just fine.  This also works well if you are using an ADAM    printer, and may just be about the right size to cover two disk    drives placed side by side.  As dust is one of ADAM's worst        enemies, using VCR covers might save a sizable repair bill.  It    won'tmmunity for their support and    especially John and Jean Dougherty; from Omaha, who are still      planning to attend the next ADAM CONVENTION.r computer that has even come close to the     reliability I have had with my ADAM. There is no question about it, though, Coleco made a big mistake  by marketing it before it was ready.  But the enthusiasm of those  early ADAM owners was something to be also used it to teach her teenagers how to   type.  They loved it. This little quip was in a message on FidoNet from Bob Stroud in   Victoria, to David Cobley.  "If at first you don't succeed, then   skydiving isn't for you." It bears thinking about. A Canadian neighbor, David Cobley, tells us that the government   division in which he worked, spent $26,000 in 1983 for an IBM PC   that was an XT with NO hard drive.  Can you imagine? Of course,    that includes a mountain of software that was needed to er     users.  "SmartWRITER documents should never be ended with an END   PAGE marker." This could cause the computer to go into what we     fondly call the "Death Spin" spiral.  The left side pointer never  stops.  If this should happen, you could lose unsaved data when    you are forced to re-BOOT your ADAM.  If you have never had the    "Death Spin" happen to you, try it with something that you have    SAVEd previously.  Insert an "END PAGE" marker at the end of the   page, SAVE it, and see what happens.‚Cےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےقےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےےے---------WORD PROCESSING--------- We have mentioned the option of a disk drive before.  The ADAM    disk drives are single-sided disk drives.  That means you can      store 160K of data on one side.  If you notch and punch the disk   case, as has beenrun the    division properly, but how much can you spend on software? The next time I feel like complaining about spending $200 for an  ADAM disk drive, I will give the $26,000 computer some thought     before I open my mouth.  Even at today's "rock bottom" prices, my  ADAM is a lot cheaper than an IBM or clone. -Faye B.  Deereeco made a big mistake  by marketing it before it was ready.  But the enthusiasm of those  early ADAM owners was something to berive; whereas, you can't copy a program over 160K    on an ADAM disk drive, because it won't fit. Remember, INSERTing is always faster than DELETEing, so you can   often write-over, or INSERT something quicker than you can DELETE  it.  And, if you happen to have a large amount to DELETE, it is    often quicker, and easier, to use the CLEAR SCREEN feature. With a screenful, or more, to get rid of just press the CLEAR     key, then V (CLEAR SCREEN), and the screenful of data is gone.     You can repeat thههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههt) line that you wish to get rid of, at   the top of the screen, by adding RETURNs after the last line of    unwanted text.  Then CLEAR your SCREEN, and it's gome.  A little   practice will make perfect. -----NJDA Canadian neighbor, David Cobley, tells us that the government   division in which he worked, spent $26,000 in 1983 for an IBM PC   that was an XT with NO hard drive.  Can you imagine? Of course,    that includes a mountain of software that was needed to  mentioned before, then you can store 160K on     each side, or a total of 320K on both sides. Now, with the new ADAMnet disk drive, by Micro Innovations, you   you can store 160K on each side, or 320K on both sides; because    it is a double-sided disk drive with a read/write head on both     the top and bottom.  If your item is too long (over 160K), it      will write the balance on the other side of the disk.  Therefore,  you can copy programs from a datapak (that are over 160K) with an  ADAMnet disk dههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههis as many times as necessary, and get rid of as  many screensful as necessary.  If you have less than a screenful   to clear, you can usually maneuver your text upward, or downward,  on the screen; and then CLEAR it. You may have to INSERT several RETURNs to position the text the   way you want it.  Then, when you CLEAR the screen, the RETURNs     and all, are gone.  If the text that you wish to get rid of is in  the middle of an article, with not quite enough lines to fill the  screen; get the top (firsهههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههه