ههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههANN        ƒUھے BOOT       ˆDIRECTORY  بANNnotesAإ!ںZONKERACIVA		îcndv59ukAA^basicukA.AغwordprukAAظbasictipsAسtelecomukAے"YKaniumDocA%xKANIUMA..A(›cpmgamesukA*acalctipukA-VIEWPOINTA2@GLEANINGSA@fWRITING02AN‍FILTERINGSAY5STEPPINGUPAi80-COLUMNSAxههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههkCPMADAM16A†ٌREADMEA   ’½BLOCKS LEFT•GREETINGS TO ALL A.N.N. SUBSCRIBERS!!Yes, we are a little late this month.  ADAMCON IV put all of us behind schedule this month.  Thanks for understanding.There will be many articles on AC IV.  It will give those who were not able to attend a taste of what ADAMCON is like, and a sweet reminder to those who were there.ANN GALLERY OF HONOURInducted into the Gallery of Honour at ADAMCON IV:     Barry Wilson - ANN Founder and Editor-in-Chief     Dean Roades - 463 ADAM Founder and ANN Editor     Tesoon as the great air fare war started, I was down to the local travel office to book my ticket. Due to the fact that it was so cheap, I had to fly into Cleveland at 9:15 AM, the day of the registration and opening of AdamCon. I found out that I wasn't the only one to come in at that hour. I shared a ride to the hotel with Chris Braymen and Tony Morehen. It wasn't long before the conversation was WAY over my head, needless to say! I DID manage to pick up one tidbit in amongst the "tech talk". It seems that ties from Dean Roades.  Starting in December, we are asking all ANN contributors to send their input to Bob.     Bob Blair     361 Eden Dr.     Englewood, FL 34223-1964Bart "Zonker" Lynch will take over the CP/M conversions.NEW SUBSCRIBERSANN signed up many new subscribers and several renewals.  We will have the list next month.  If your subscription is about to expire, renew soon so you won't miss a single issue.  Send $35.00 (still cheap!) to:     Dean Roades     8522 Hohman Ave.     Munster, Iw to my ego! Tony, Chris and I even had to wait for our rooms to become available. (Obviously,they didn't realize the caliber of dignitaries with which they were dealing!) We quickly decided that if OUR rooms weren't ready yet, we'd go park ourselves in Herman and George's suite to wait. I must admit that from this point on, things are a bit of a blur. AdamCons ALWAYS affect me that way!   So again this year, this won't be a blow by blow, detailed account. I'm sure there will be plenty of those around. I                             ZONKER IN WONDERLAND                            (A report on AdamCon IV)                            By Bart "ZONKER" Lynch   Well, my lovely readers,what can I tell you? If you were there, you know it all already. And if you weren't, then you certainly missed it! There, and I thought this was going to be a hard article to write.   What? You want more detail? All right, I suppose I can expand on the above a bit. With that in mind, I'll start at the begining.   As rry Fowler - ADAM's House and A.I.M. newsletter     Ron Collins - ADAM Expert and heavily involved in TDOS and MIDI     Mark Gordon - Micro Innovations Founder     Sharon McFarland - Long-time ADAM supporter in CP/M and other areasOur thanks to Jerry Vrancks for chairing the G of H Committee.The 1993 Gallery of Honour Committee will be led by James Poulan of MOAUG.  James will release his plans thru ANN very soon.A.N.N. EDITORStarting January 1, 1993, Bob Blair will take over the ANN Editor duTony has been busy trying to write the drivers for an IDE hard drive interface that Mark Gordon is planning!What we have now is an MFM type of hard drive hook up. The advantage, if I understand correctly, with IDE is lower price on the hard drive itself and more availability. Tony says it's a struggle but hopes to have it done soon.   Because I had arrived early, unlike last year when I trotted into the hotel with barely a chance to catch my breath, there wasn't a group of people awaiting me. What a bloN 46321Not sure when your subscription ends?  Check your mailing label. It will tell you how many issues left.All for now, See you next month.Dean Roadesnder     Sharon McFarland - Long-time ADAM supporter in CP/M and other areasOur thanks to Jerry Vrancks for chairing the G of H Committee.The 1993 Gallery of Honour Committee will be led by James Poulan of MOAUG.  James will release his plans thru ANN very soon.A.N.N. EDITORStarting January 1, 1993, Bob Blair will take over the ANN Editor du DO remember getting a quick two hour nap before going downstairs to start shaking hands with the arrivals. And, ahhh, gentle readers, what arrivals those were. Turn in any direction and you'd see the high and mighty of the Adam community, right next to us "regular folk". Seems to me there was about an even mixture of the two groups. Not that I'm even close in accuracy, but it seems to me that we had around 80 Adamites over the course of the convention! If so, that is surely some sort of record.   I remepictures back and see if any of them turned out.   While I had my Adam with me, I couldn't figure out a way to have a monitor with me. Bringing one just seemed to beg a mishap and what would I have done if I'd broken the screen in transit?  Fortunatly, some fine folks let me borrow theirs. First,Ron Collins was kind enough to let me use his,along with his brain. He and Guy Cousineau sat in my room, along with James Poulin, from about midnight until 3 AM to help me get a program installed properly on my 8ad with my old friends and attempting to make new. It's always a joy to sit and talk with all of these folks. They KNOW what it's like to own an Adam and all the frustrations and all the good uses you get out of the machine. It's just plain GREAT to talk with someone to whom you don't have to explain what an Adam is! Besides that, I always seem to pick up more tips talking than I do in any of the scheduled sessions.   Speaking of which, once again this year, I didn't stick to the schedule at hand. Instea get a whole two hours sleep before a pair of drunks pounded on my door at 1 AM! I flung open the door to find Herman Mason and Alan Neeley there, berating ME for going to bed! While I vowed to get even with the both of them, I never DID come up with a suitable revenge.   So sleep is not the priority at the convention. Even if I plan it, someone seems to plot to remove any chance of it. Fine by me. I can sleep when I'm at home, can't I? This sort of thing probably doesn't add to the coherence of this repon the airplane or risk losing it as checked baggage! The only drawback is, now I want it to write this article. THAT Adam has my hard drive and I left it behind for George to UPS back to me! But I suppose I'll muddle through somehow!   I remember staggering around with my two cameras again this year. That too is well worth it! I joked to someone that I'll end up with 70 pictures of people eating, but that's only because that's the only time you can get an Adamite to sit still! I can't wait to get those mber that a group of us made up of Joe and Helen Alford, Dean Roades, Alan Neeley and myself went across the street to the Red Lobster and had dinner. Seems that Alan had treated Dean to dinner at ACI (or was it the other way around?) and after four years,the debt was finally repaid. Plenty of good conversation, including teasing Alan about the possibility of having the next AdamCon in Salt Lake City. It didn't look as though Alan was very enthusiastic!   I remember breakfast Friday morning, breaking bre0 column screen. James was looking over their shoulders because he too had a similar problem. Of course, the whole time wasn't spent on MY problem. Somehow we found time to look at some other programs, too!   Not much sleep THAT night, as I was up at 7:30 to attend breakfast. I'm beginning to think that eating at all at AdamCon may be a mistake! It never fails to interfere with my sleep. That evening, I vowed I'd be in bed "early". Not sure what I meant by early, but I did manage to get to bed by 11. Andd I merely roamed the convention at will, ducking my head into each session briefly to see what was going on. I find this a much better way to do things. It allows me to cover more ground. I am probably missing quite a bit of good useful info this way, but I just can't seem to muster up any PATIENCE while at an AdamCon!   One thing I didn't do this year that I did the last was bring my Adam with me. That is, I had it with me, but this year, I shipped it ahead. This is MUCH easier than trying to carry it ort, either. Believe me, I did learn some valuable tips while there. Mainly, I spent the time picking Guy's brain. It was time well spent! While I didn't learn it all, I made valuable headway.   The festivities were capped again this year by two events. One was the Gallery of Honor, which occured just after dinner Sunday night. In no particular order,the awards were given to the following folk-   Barry Wilson   Dean Roades   Terry Fowler   Ron Collins   Mark Gordon   And as inactive Adamite,   Shat wishfull thinking,my gentle readers. Just as in conventions past, someone stood up at the end and accepted the banner. While he had prostested at 'Cons past that he wouldn't be able to pull it off, Alan Neeley of Adamlink of Utah fame stood up and said that AdamCon FIVE will be in Salt Lake City, Utah! So make your plans NOW. Tuck away those extra nickels and dimes. Read the various and sundry other AdamCon reports. Then come on out to Utah in 1993. We'll be there, waiting to see you!!convention is the  would have it, he couldn't sleep, so we had a SECOND group photo! Remember that for future trivia games!   I just paused to read back over what I've written thus far. I'm wondering, have I managed to SAY anything? The words on screen look so cold and uninviting. It looks like a book report to me! I've read Barry Wilson and his account on the third AdamCon.  I've read the "generic" article by Ron Collins. Both of these gentlemen did remarkable jobs of getting the feeling across to the reader of BEING THETODAY. OVL - A   personal  TO DO LIST  for  the  display   and           maintenance   of  nonscheduled activities  on  a  daily           basis. REMINDER. OVL  -  A reminder list of important   dates/events  to           remember on a monthly basis. PLANNING. OVL  -  A   planning calendar  for  blocking  out   and           displaying  large  portions  of  scheduled time. CALENDAR. OVL  -  A  calendar  program  for  displaying   monthly           calendars a quarter of a year at a time. ACTIONPL. OVL  - Anfact that several software and hardware developers came together in one room to discuss STANDARDIZING the EOS to insure that no matter WHAT software/hardware combo you own, virtually ANY software will run on ANY machine! Not only did they meet once, but again and again, en mass and in clumps of two or three. And their enthusiasm was something to behold. Hopefully, this will spread from those present to ALL developers in the Adam world.   As I said, it was worth the trip. And it always will be. This is noron McFarlandThe second event was the annual group photo. This one is going to be a classic as I think there were a record number of cameras flashing! I hope that my trusty black and white was up to the task! Now while I said two events capped the convention, there was actually one more. Keith Marner had gone to bed before the group photo because he had to get up early to catch a 6 AM flight. We lamented that this was too bad, as he had flown all the way from UK and wouldn't be in the photo! Well, as luckNIAD PUBLIC DOMAIN CP/M VOLUMES Last reviewed APR-MAY 92                               CNDV 59This volume is entirely devoted to HANDY Version 2.01 which  includes the  following  files which have been uncrunched  from  the  original LIBrary file.HANDY201. DOC - 9 paged documentation HANDYSYS. COM - the main runnable program           AGGENDAS. OVL - A   personal  appointment calendar  for            the   display   and  maintenance  in  one  half    hour           increments of daily appointments. DO-RE. I can only hope that this article will give you a slight taste of the same.   For me,it's always worth the trip to any of the conventions. The price one pays for the travel, the convention itself and maybe an item or two at the Adam store, all are worth it for what you take away. IF nothing else, it's the knowledge that there are other people who CARE about their Adams! That they care ENOUGH to share that with each other to better the community. One of the highlights for me of this convention is the  action planning notebook for  displaying  and           maintaining future activity records by categories. NOTEBOOK. OVL  -  A   notebook or log  for  the  maintaining  and           displaying of miscellaneous notes, records or  whatever           by category. FONEBOOK. OVL - A quick reference phone number listing. DECISION. OVL  -  A   decision  support  routine   for   rational           decision making assistance. HANDYTRM. PRM - the terminal parameter fileThe   HANDY  System  programs  provided  in s the To Do List application and allows entry of up to  nine (9) non-scheduled activities one must try  to perform  in  a day like making  a  particular phone call or writing a report. REMINDER  -  This   is  a  simple application   to   quickly   remind oneself of important dates and events coming up  in the current month like  birthdays  and  anniversaries.  The  user  can  scan  ahead  to future  months  one  at  a time and return to the  current  month  if necessary.PLANNING  -  This   application  rating system.Each   application in the HANDY System has a  command selection  menu and  command  input prompt on the lower portion  of  the  application display.  User  input  for a particular application  is  queried  and prompted below the command line.  Input provided by the user is  then posted  to the appropriate place on the application display.A typical application's command line would appear as follows although some will vary according to the application type:      ----------------------------,  virtually whatever  the  user wants. Action  plans  are  simply  something  one wants to  do regarding a particular thing.NOTEBOOK  -  This  application is very similar to  ACTIONPL.   It  is simply intended  to be what  its  name  implies,  a notebook.FONEBOOK - This  application  is intended as a quick  reference phone number  listing.   The format is a  series  of pages  with  a  double column list of names and  phone numbers. Names are limited to  eleven (11) characters and numbers to twelve (12) Do List.AGGENDAS  - This  is the personal appointment calendar  program.   It  is preformatted for appointments from 7:00  a.m.  until 6:30 p.m.  at half  hour  increments. Time entries must be in the  form  0:00  like 9:30.  The  appointment calendar may be printed to a printer  if   so desired  by the user.  The format for  printed output is pretty  much the  same  as  the  screen  format and  can   be   cut  to  size  for insertion in  a  small notebook for log purposes if desired.DO-TODAY - This  i  this  version   are revisions   to  the original CBASIC code.   The system  has  been modified to  run after compile and link by CB80 and LK80.  HANDY  is  a completely menu driven personal time  management  system which can be customised for the individual user. After initial  sign- on  a menu will be displayed  and  the user   will  be  prompted   to  select  a particular application.  Upon exiting each application  the menu  will  reappear for further application selection or  return  to the CP/M opeallows  blocking   out   of    large segments  of time  over a month like  traveling  or vacation periods. CALENDAR  -  This   is  another very simple  routine  that   displays months on a quarterly basis.  Four monthly calendars are displayed on the screen; three in half intensity and  one in full intensity. ACTIONPL  -  In  ACTIONPL there are two  applications  screens.   One displays  action planning categories.  These can  be  months,  years, personal   or  other  goals,   shopping  lists,  projects------------------------       (A)dd (C)ontinue (D)elete (E)xit (R)estart (S)can >HANDY   is   intended to be an on line desk  companion for  the  busy professional and was designed  to  be extremely user  friendly.  This version  assumes  both programs and data share the same  disk.  Dates  must be entered in the form MM/DD/YYYY.  This means that a date  such as   January  1,   1983  must   be  entered  01/01/1983.   Only   two applications permit print out of data:  the Appointment Calendar  and the To such as 800-555-1212.DECISION - Again another very simple application to help  users  with prioritizing  or  decision  making.  The  user enters  up to nine (9) factors  or  considerations bearing on a situation and then is  asked to   compare  each   one  against all the others in  terms   of   the greater in importance. Once this is done the factors are displayed in highest to lowest order of priority for the user's evaluation.This is well put together and can easily help in making  organisation of b       inputing a random sequence in your programs.   DEC-JAN 87   NOEL by Robert C. Purrenhage shows 3 wise men  on                 their camels plodding across the desert,  comming                 to rest at the stable. Great animation and colour                 COLORCHANG by D. Sage Changes background and text                 colours.   FEB-MAR 97   CALCFIX by R Fillery fixes Adam Calc for use with                 an English daisywheel on the ADAM printer or dot-                 matrix  printer  switUKAS SMARTBASIC VOLUMES These  are  SmartBASIC programs featured in  the  UKAS  JOURNAL's LISTINGS  articles.  Use them to learn SmartBASIC or  modify  and incorporate them into your own programs as you wish.                          UKASBASIC 01NEWSLETTER ISSUE                      DESCRIPTION   JUN-JUL 86   JOYSTICK  by  Mike Vargo  program  your  joystick                 movements.   AUG-SEP 86   SMARTKEY by Gary West program your SmartKEYS    OCT-NOV 86   COLORPOKE  by  Tony Martin,  menu  dri       inputing a random sequence in your programs.   DEC-JAN 87   NOEL by Robert C. Purrenhage shows 3 wise men  on                 their camels plodding across the desert,  comming                 to rest at the stable. Great animation and colour                 COLORCHANG by D. Sage Changes background and text                 colours.   FEB-MAR 97   CALCFIX by R Fillery fixes Adam Calc for use with                 an English daisywheel on the ADAM printer or dot-                 matrix  printer  switoward prints a HEX  to  DECIMAL                 ready-reconer                 SNAKERIDER by Mike Elsila is a game where you and                 your  opponent  chase around the  screen  without                 touching each other's 'vapour trails.                 SHAPEMAKER  by  J. Hicks draws  shape  using  the                 shape  table  method  and saves  them  for  later                 retrieval within your graphics programs.                 RANDOM  by  J Hicks useful as a  sub-routine  for          usiness and home more fun.o regarding a particular thing.NOTEBOOK  -  This  application is very similar to  ACTIONPL.   It  is simply intended  to be what  its  name  implies,  a notebook.FONEBOOK - This  application  is intended as a quick  reference phone number  listing.   The format is a  series  of pages  with  a  double column list of names and  phone numbers. Names are limited to  eleven (11) characters and numbers to twelve (12)hed to ENGLAND so that  a  #                 sign is printed instead of the 'hash'                 FINDBINARY  by  R. Fillery finds the  length  and                 default address of a binary file.   APR-MAY 87   MERGEFILE  by R Fillery is a program for  merging                 two  SmartBASIC  files  without  having  to   use                 SmartWRITER.                 ROUNDNUMB by R. Fillery rounds decimal numbers to                 the nearest whole number.eful as a  sub-routine  for          ven  colour                 change  program. The changes are only  temporary.                 If  you  re-boot SmartBASIC it  will  default  to                 white on black again. Handy as a HELLO program.                 3-DHPLOT  by J. Howard draws coloured  horizontal                 lines.                 FILLCIRCLE  by  J  Howard  draws  solid  coloured                 circles.                 BACKCOLOR by J Howard changes the text background                 colour.                 HEX-DECIMA  by J HWORD PROCESSOR TIPS                         Letter Etiquete                         By K.A. MarnerWhen  composing a letter, spare a thought for the  recipient  who may  not  be  able to read your writing. Try  using  your  ADAM's SmartWRITER  word  processor. Unless you are using  a  dot-matrix printer in draft mode, the quality of print will be very  legible and the ADAM's daisywheel printer will give you an output of  the highest quality.There are several formats of letter layout of which the 'modif.  A ruler with 10ths of an inch will do you if you  use the normal PICA 10 daisywheel or dot-matrix  font.  Each graduation represents one character space. You will need at least that many character spaces in from the left. All this can be done after the letter is typed. Just set the margins accordingly.  Now when  you fold the letter, the name and address of the  recipient will be visible through the window.If  you are using a normal non-windowed envelope, just  HIGHLIGHT the name and address of the recd  we will make other arrangements for collection of your installments.     We,  here at Manky Mail Order, are only too pleased to  help those in a difficult situation.                              Yours sincerely,                                 (signature)                                 A. SenderNote  that each new paragraph is indented for which you  can  use your  TAB  key. The paragraphs are not separated by  blank  lines hence the indents.Addressing the envelopeThe  Post Office can sort maWe, here at Manky Mail Order, are only too pleased to help  those in a difficult situation.Yours sincerely, (signature) A. SenderThis is a more modern method and, although it uses more lines, is very  popular nowadays. With this style, it is easy to  make  out each  new  paragraph  and addressing the  envelope  is  a  little simpler  in  that you can move the cursor to the line  after  the last  address  line and press the HIGHLIGHT key, then  press  the HOME  key and the name and address will be highliletter. Therefore, if you want to ensure your  letter goes the quickest route, type the address.If you are using an address window envelope, measure the distance from  the top of the envelope to the top of the window (The  Page Boy  word  processing rule is ideal for this). You will  want  at least  that many blank lines from the top of your letter  to  the place where the print head will start printing. Next measure  the distance from the left hand side of the envelope to the left hand side of the windowied block' and the 'full block' are the commonest.The Modified Block style.A. Recipient                            A. Sender   Address line 1                          Address line 1 Address line 2                          Address line 2 Address line 3                          Address line 3Date:Dear Recipient,     I would like to thank you for your prompt reply to my  final demand.  I  would  appreciate  it if, in  future,  you  have  any difficulty  in making your payments, you would contact us anipient, insert the envelope in the printer about half way and PRINT HIGHLIGHT.The Full Block style.A. Sender     Address line 1 Address line 2 Address line 3Date:A. Recipient  Address line 1 Address line 2 Address line 3Dear Recipient,I  would  like  to thank you for your prompt reply  to  my  final demand.  I  would  appreciate  it if, in  future,  you  have  any difficulty  in making your payments, you would contact us and  we will make other arrangements for collection of your installments.il very quickly if your  envelope  is addressed clearly with the correct postal code. In the USA,  they call  it a ZIP code which stands for Zonal Information  something or  other (perhaps someone will write in and tell me). This  code is read electronically by and OCR (Optical Code Reader). However, it cannot read a handwritten scribbled post code. The letter,  in this  case,  will  be re-routed to the manual  section  where  an operator  reads  the code and types in the coded dots  needed  to direct  the ghted.  Printing is the same as above.As  mentioned before, a word processing rule is a great help  but not  necessary.  Another helpful tool is a  transparent  template such as TEMPMATE which will not only help in formatting pages for letters  but will also assist in formatting for graphic  pictures if they are to be included in adverts or articles. for collection of your installments.arbitrary abstract number. For example, the '205' (discussed last article)  is  repreented with the mnemonic "CALL".  The  mnemonic "LD"  stands  for "LOAD". The mnemonic "CP"  means  compare.  The challenge  in  the beginning is learning  the  syntax  (parameter structure) for the MANY commands.HOW DO YOU PUT THEM IN RAM?Okay,  you think of a routine in terms of mnemonics, you  convert to Z80 code numbers, but how do you get it into RAM? With the use of  SmartBASIC. Here's how it works. The BASIC interSmartBASIC TIPS                 MACHINE LANGUAGE TUTORIAL Pt 5              By Sol Swift, modified by K.A. MarnerED:Well,  after  a  laps  of one issue due  to  the  extra  large CROSSWORD  PUZZLE  program,  we  resume  Sol  Swift's  courageous attempt at teaching us how to program in machine language.MORE ABOUT THE NUMBERSThe Z80 codes (the numbers) represent direct instructions to  the computer. In truth, the computer only understands binary  numbers (sets  of  '1's and '0's; ons and offs) but we    routine puts  a  '1' into address 65535. It is the  equivalent  of:  POKE 65535,  1. Why use Z80 if you can do it in BASIC? Because  it  is GOOD practice for creating BIGGER routines and even  full-fledged Z80 programs.RELATIVE JUMPSAs  in  the  case with BASIC, your programs  really  start  doing something  in  Z80 when you have them make decisions  and  change direction  of  program execution based on those  decisions.  Last lesson I mentioned that Z80 jumps (JP mnemonic) were analogous to the  BASIfour basic  reasons for using the HEX system. (1) The numbers  bear  a closer  resemblance to the binary values than the decimal  system does.  (2) Most assemblers and disassemblers use the HEX  system; most file and block editors do too. (3) The numbers format nicely on  the  computer  screen  and on paper.  (4)  It  gives  a  more mysterious  air  to  computer programming. When  we humans look at the Z80 codes, it's generally  easier  to think  of  them as the command they represent  rather  than  sone We, here at Manky Mail Order, are only too pleased to help  those in a difficult situation.Yours sincerely, (signature) A. SenderThis is a more modern method and, although it uses more lines, is very  popular nowadays. With this style, it is easy to  make  out each  new  paragraph  and addressing the  envelope  is  a  little simpler  in  that you can move the cursor to the line  after  the last  address  line and press the HIGHLIGHT key, then  press  the HOME  key and the name and address will be highlipreter  stops at  address  27407. Set LOMEM up (to 28000 for example)  to  make room  to  put your Z80 routine. Put your Z80 codes  into  a  DATA statement, then have another program line READ that data and POKE it into RAM in your reserved area. It could go something like:-10 LOMEM: 28000 20 DATA 62,1,50,255,255,201 30 FOR x = 27600 to 27605: 40 READ mc:POKE x, mc:NEXT 50 CALL 27600You  CALL  the  first address (in most  cases)  to  execute  your machine code routine from within SmartBASIC. This simpletend  to  express these binary values as their HEXadecimal or decimal  equivalents. I  have  never  found the need to work  with  the  binary  system directly.  However,  you will eventually need to  understand  the concepts  involved in the binary system in order to get the  best use out of the single BIT operations.The HEX system is based on 16 digits (HEX=6, DEC=10). the  values are :-         0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  A  B  C  D  E  FF  HEX  has a value of 15in the DECimal system.  There  are  C  GOTO  command; and Z80 calls  are  similar  to  BASIC GOSUBS. There is also a specialized form of JumPing.Relative Jumping (JR mnemonic) lets you move a few bytes backward of forward in RAM. Why use this command set rather than  absolute jumps  (jumping to an address by its specific location  in  RAM)? Relative  jumps  are generally confined to a  single  routine  or algorithm.  The advantage of relative over absolute is  that  the routine can EASILY be moved to another area of RAM. With absolute jumpshose who might have  corrupted an  important software title such a SmartBASIC, T-DOS  etc.,  and cannot  afford to lose the 2 or 3 days that it takes to  send  by post. Whole library files can be transmitted this way and all for the price of a phone call.What  about information exchange. How great it would be  to  have your  questions answered by all those who can read it,  not  just readers  of the newsletter but WORLD WIDE. This is where  FIDONET come in. Here is wone MEX. This is very easy to do, but Id  continue including the byte that you want to jump to. Going backward,  you start  at  the displacement byte (number of bytes  to  jump)  and continue  including  the  byte  that you want  to  jump  to.  For backward  jumping, you subtract the displacement from 256.  There are five commands in the relative jump set; these are:-1: JR dd 2: JR C,dd 3: JR NC, dd 4: JR NZ, dd 5: JR Z, ddThe first one is an unconditional relative jump. This means  that NO  condition  has to be met in order to  branch  execd you are not likely to change your mind about it. So how do you clone it? At the MEX prompt, you type the following: [MEX]A0>> CLONE MEX114A.COM <CR>Don't take that filename too literally. It's a good one and will convey to you that this cloned version is the "A" version of MEX114.COM. I am assuming that you are using MEX114.COM while doing all this.There are two programs that deserve particular attention and they are MDM740 and MEX. I have used both of these pris doing it these days, why not ADAM usTHE ADAM ECHOSo far, no one has responded to the request, last issue, to get a local  BBS  to carry the ADAM echo messages so that  we  may  all share  them. By now, all those who have modems or  were  thinking about getting one when they filled in the UKAS SURVEY, would have received a letter outlining the advantages of its uses. If  there is  a good response, I may consider a service to  the  membership where you may be able to receive software via the telephone line. This will be a great advantage to t,  however, you must change every single address  reference. There is no equivalent of relative jumping in BASIC; but it would be like "IF x=1 THEN go back two commands and restart execution".The  number of bytes jumped relative is called the  displacement; in  mnemonics we refer to this value as "dd" (with  an  assembler you  can jump relative to the address by given name).  The  range for  a  relative jump 129 bytes forward and 126  bytes  backward. Going  forward, you start counting at the next byte an am not fond of making a clone at every whipstitch. It lacks class. Each time you clone MEX, it will make a note of it and when you call up MEX, it will display the Clone Level everytime. Some people have Clone Levels of 70 or 80 and even more. This tells me that they can't make up their mind what they want. Or worse yet, it reveals that they are cloning MEX to make changes that could be done a much better way. More of that later.Right now, you want this particular change to be a basic part of your MEX anution.  The second one means jump relative if, and only if, the CARRY FLAG IS SET.  The third one will only jump relative if the CARRY FLAG  IS NOT  SET (NC). The next one will only jump relative if  the  ZERO FLAG is NOT set (NZ). The final one executes if, and only if, the ZERO FLAG IS set.NEXT  ISSUE:  Examining  the  above flags and  how  to  use  this decision-making process.rward, you start counting at the next byte aners.EX, it will make a note of it and when you call up MEX, it will display the Clone Level everytime. Some people have Clone Levels of 70 or 80 and even more. This tells me that they can't make up their mind what they want. Or worse yet, it reveals that they are cloning MEX to make changes that could be done a much better way. More of that later.Right now, you want this particular change to be a basic part of your MEX ananium, type in the SmartBASIC listing below and  RUN it. Then all you have to do is enter a whole number for  LATITUDE (from  -90 degrees South to 90 degrees North), LONGITUDE (from  -180  degrees  West to 180 degrees East), and ALTITUDE  (from  -10 
kilometers below sea level to 10 kilometers above sea level). For example, if you want to begin your search off the shores of  Kill Devil  Hils,  North  Carolina,  you  might  enter  36,-75,-5  for LATITUDE, LONGITUDE and ALTITUDE. The Kanometer will tellSMARTBASIC LISTINGKANIUM QUEST by Karen KaneYou are a chemistry professor at a major university and must stay on  the  cutting  edge of new and  exiting  developments  in  the discipline.  One  evening, while experimenting with some  of  the rare  elements, you accidentally create a new chemical  compound. Extensive lab tests show that the compund - which you have dubbed Kanium  -  can exist in a solid, liquid or a gaseous  state,  and decomposes  at  a  rapid rate. What's  more,  Kanium  demonstateou have find the exact coordinates of the Kanium,  it might be fun to look them up in an atlas to see where your search led you.Kanium  Quest was inspired by a similar program submitted by  Dr. Michael  W.  Ecker, editor and publisher of the  'Recreational  & Educational  Computing' Newsletter. Now load SmartBASIC and  type this program in, saving from time to time.s of  Kill Devil  Hils,  North  Carolina,  you  might  enter  36,-75,-5  for LATITUDE, LONGITUDE and ALTITUDE. The Kanometer will tellrs  above  sea level; diving gear and  drills  that  will lower you to 10 kilometers below sea level; and tools to help you comb  the  mountains,  deserts and jungles  of  the  earth.  Most important, you carry your homemade Kanometer, a device that  uses Kanium's strong, quasi-magnetic attraction to itself to sense the compound's  presence in any state. Your Kanometer will  give  the distance reading but will not indicate the direction in which the compound can be found.FIND IT FASTTo find the Kd you are not likely to change your mind about it. So how do you clone it? At the MEX prompt, you type the following: [MEX]A0>> CLONE MEX114A.COM <CR>Don't take that filename too literally. It's a good one and will convey to you that this cloned version is the "A" version of MEX114.COM. I am assuming that you are using MEX114.COM while doing all this.There are two programs that deserve particular attention and they are MDM740 and MEX. I have used both of these pris doing it these days, why not ADAM us you how far you are from the nearest source of Kanium and how many  weeks are  left before your supply of Kanium decomposes; and,  it  will ask  for  your next search position. By examining  you  Kanometer readings,  you  can  narrow  in  on  the  powerful  new  chemical substance Kanium and become world famous for your find!Time,  however,  is your only obsticle, becaus you  have  only  a small  amount of Kanium for you Kanometer, you must  locate  more before the sample decomposes.NOTE: Once ys properties  so  versitile  that it  could  revolutionise  present technology. You even suspect that the substance - in its  gaseous form  -  could  neutralise the disastrous effects  of  a  nuclear explosion.This is your chance to prove yourself to the scientific community -  to  make history - but you have no idea how to  re-create  the compound.  So  you  set out on a  worldwide  search  for  natural sourses of Kanium.You  are  equipped with an aircraft that will fly as high  as  10 kilomete10LOMEM :29000:DIM ut$(1): ut$(0)="": ut$(1)="s" 20FOR m=28000 TO 28005:READ t:POKE m, t:NEXT m 30HOME:? "Press any key to start.":CALL 28000 40 t=RND(1): k=PEEK(64885):IF k=0 THEN 40 50 fa=.01745329: n=INT(RND(1)*31)+20: ct=0 60 ga=INT(RND(1)*181)-90: go=INT(RND(1)*361)-180 70 gh=INT(RND(1)*21)-10: hr=6379+gh 80 xr=hr*SIN((90-ga)*fa)*COS(go*fa) 90 yr=hr*SIN((90-ga)*fa)*SIN(go*fa) 100 zr=hr*SIN((90-ga)*fa):HOME 110? "What is your search position" 120? "in latitude, longitude, and " 130INPUT "altROL><P> after entering the co-ordinates and before you press <Ret> BAGELS - Guess the 3 digit number the computer has in mind. BAS2-1 - The BASIC-E compiler BIOPRINT - Prints out your Bioryhthm pattern for any date.  Press <CONT><P> for a hard copy. BLACKJACK  - Plays Blackjack and the computer plays a mean  game. Contains instructions. CIVILWAR  -  You  are on the side of  the  Confederates  and  you control the purse strings so you must budget carefully for  food, salaries  and  ammunition  or  you  will decompose.":?:GOTO 110 280? "Too bad, professor." 290? "Your supply of Kanium has" 300? "decomposed and so has your" 310? "chance at fame and fortune.":END 320? "Congratulations, professor!" 330? "After "; ct; " week"; ut$(ct>1); " of searching," 340? "you finally located the Kanium.":END 1000DATA  62,0,50,117,253,201 ga)*fa):HOME 110? "What is your search position" 120? "in latitude, longitude, and " 130INPUT "alt and study your results. FORMAT - allows you to enter length of page, number of lines  per page and characters across. GOLF  - Very good text version. Enter your handicap and the  type of shot you have trouble with. You will then be given yardage  of each hole in turn and you chose from a bag of clubs. GUNNER  -  Demonstrates the results of firing a  field  artillery weapon.  You  are  given  distance to target,  you  type  in  the elevation and you will be given the result of each shot. You must hit the taج1 ×67.pn11 .he                       CP/M GAMES VOLUME 1                         By K.A. MarnerA public domain set of games written in E-BASIC. To run each one, enter  RUN2-3  <FILENAME><Ret>  or rename  the  file  RUN2-3.COM, RUN.COM, then all you will have to enter is RUN <FILENAME><Ret>ACE - Game of ACEY-DUCEY AMAZE  -  You  are asked for a width and length  separated  by  a comma, wait while the computer makes up its mind then it draws  a maze  which  you can have printed out if you  press  <CONTitude? "; a, b, c 140IF INT(a)<>a OR INT(b)<>b OR INT(c)<>c THEN 110 150IF ABS(a)>90 OR ABS(b)>180 OR ABS(c)>10 THEN 110 160 ct=ct+1: r=6379+c 170 x=r*SIN((90-a)*fa)*COS(b*fa) 180 y=r*SIN((90-a)*fa)*SIN(b*fa) 190 z=r*SIN((90-a)*fa) 200 d=INT(SQR((x-xr)^2+(y-yr)^2+(z-zr)^2)+.5) 210?:IF d=0 THEN 320 220? "You are "; d; " kilometer"; ut$(d>1) 230? "away from the nearest source " 240? "of Kanium ":? 250IF ct=n THEN 280 260? "In "; n-ct; " week"; ut$((n-ct)>1); " the Kanometer's" 270? "Kanium will  lose  each  battle  and eventually, the war. COMBINE  -  Calculates how many combinations of  any  number  and group you enter. Enter 0,0 to stop. CORE - Check RAM available for programming. CORETEST - Tests the RAM available. EUCLID - Based on the findings of the Greek mathematician of  the same  name  whoes  principles of logic formed the  basis  of  his geometry. FIB - Lists any of the Fibonacci sequence of numbers. FOOTBALL - Demonstration of 'radio football'. Time ticks away  as you type in your playsitude? "; a, b, c 140IF INT(a)<>a OR INT(b)<>b OR INT(c)<>c THEN 110 150IF ABS(a)>90 OR ABS(b)>180 OR ABS(c)>10 THEN 110 160 ct=ct+1: r=6379+c 170 x=r*SIN((90-a)*fa)*COS(b*fa) 180 y=r*SIN((90-a)*fa)*SIN(b*fa) 190 z=r*SIN((90-a)*fa) 200 d=INT(SQR((x-xr)^2+(y-yr)^2+(z-zr)^2)+.5) 210?:IF d=0 THEN 320 220? "You are "; d; " kilometer"; ut$(d>1) 230? "away from the nearest source " 240? "of Kanium ":? 250IF ct=n THEN 280 260? "In "; n-ct; " week"; ut$((n-ct)>1); " the Kanometer's" 270? "Kanium will rget in 5 shots or the enemy will destroy you. KENO - Another guessing game with instructions provided. LUNAR1 - Lunar landing simulator with instructions provided. PLOT2  -  Plots sine and cosine functions. Type PLOT.DAT  to  see results. S/TREK - Attack Klingon warships given their co-ordinates. STARS  - Get galaxy maps and shoot stars to turn them into  black holes and vice-versa. Instructions provided. STARTREK  -  Better  version of above in which you  are  given  a graphic  representation  of the co-oyou can save time:-   |                1             |     2     |   3    |   4 ----------------------------------------------------------------  6| PRESENT VALUE OF INVESTMENT  |           |        | ----------------------------------|-----------|--------|--------  7| INTEREST RATE PER PERIOD     |           |        | ----------------------------------|-----------|--------|--------  8| NUMBER OF COMPOUNDING PERIODS|           |        | ----------------------------------|-----------|--------|--------ج1 ×67.pn28 .he                        ADAM CALC TIPS .h2                         By K.A. Marner Research  taken  from "Systems Analysis & Design" by  William  S. Davis.In the FEB-MAR issue, we studied the make up of a spreadsheet  to calculate  what  we  will obtain as a FUTURE VALUE  for  a  given PRESENT  INVESTMENT.  I asked if anyone could come  up  with  the formula in the spreadsheet that we studied, to calculate what  we needed  to invest as a PRESENT VALUE in order to obtain  a  given FUTURE INV is where our formula will  go. Type  in  the first name which will be 'future' then  name  cell 9,2  (put the cursor on cell 9,2); type 'interest' which we  will name cell 7,2 then type 'period' and name cell 8,2.Now  we  can enter some figures to work with. In cell  9,2  enter 7024.64 then SK VI. In cell 7,2 enter .12 (point 12) then  format the cell for percentages (SK III, SK V, SK II and SK VI). In cell 8,2 enter a value of 3 then format for FREE.Next  enter the modified compound interest formula i = ----------                             (1+i)nFor our example we will be looking for a total of #7,024.64 after 3  years so how much will we need to invest today given that  our interest rate will be 12% per annum?With  the blank spreadsheet on screen, turn off the AUTO CALC  by setting  it  to MANUAL CALC and set the first  column  to  COLUMN WIDTH=30  to allow us some space for comments. Next type  in  the following  TEXT in rows 6 to 9 as we did last time. If you  saved the last sheet we did then rdinations in the form  of  a star map. Instructions provided in the form of a Mission Advisory STORY  - You are asked for a number of nouns, verbs and  adverbs, names or men, women and geographical location. Choose which  type of  story, newspaper ad., a western, about the army and a  letter about  a  waterbed  and it will be displayed  using  your  words. Extremely funny results.  9| FUTURE VALUE OF INVESTMENT   |           |        |NOTE: If you are asked to type a word, do not include the  speech marks.  E.g.  Type  'present' means just type  the  word  present without the '' marks.To  make  it easier to understand what we are doing and  how  the above formula relates to this spreadsheet, we will name each cell involved in our calculation. Press Smart Key (SK) VI (MORE) until SK  V displays NAMES. Press SK V twice to DEFINE NAME. This  time we  will not name cell 6,2 as thisESTMENT. So far, no one has replied, shame on you. Here then is my own solution.Using the formula given in the last article:                            F=P(1+i)nwhere :     F    is the future value of the investment     P    is the present value of the investment     i    is the interest rate per compunding period     n    is the number of compounding periods (usually years)We must transpose the formula to evaluate for P. Therefore:-                                F                         Pn  cell  6,2. Put    the   highlight   cursor   in   this   cell    and    type 'future/(1+interest)^period'. You will notice that the cell  will be in TEXT format because the first character you typed was the f in  future. You must change this to default by pressing SK I  and this will change to DEFAULT. Now when you press MANUAL CALC,  you will  see the value that you must invest in cell 6,2 in order  to obtain  the given #7,024.64 in cell 9,2. If it does not say  5000 then you have to go back and check y I know I was!. But that's over. And how did the change happen?. Like this!.While we were attending ADAMCON 03, in South Bend, last summer, the initial enthusiasms for Fidonet were being planted in such fertile minds as that of Barry Wilson. You remember that early 20th century detective hero, Bulldrog Drummond?. Barry aptly fits the nickname that Patricia Herrington bestowed on him, "Bulldog Wilson". Once he gets an idea in his head, there's no way of stopping him, short of homicide, or some other simila-------  8| NUMBER OF COMPOUNDING PERIODS|         3 |        | ----------------------------------|-----------|--------|--------  9| FUTURE VALUE OF INVESTMENT   | #7,024.64 |        |All  being well, you can then change the value in cell 9,2 for  a different FUTURE VALUE that you wish to obtain, or cell 7,2 for a different  rate  of  interest  or the value in  cell  8,2  for  a different number of years.If  you have any problems with this, do not hesitate to write  in and we will clarify for you.Whg distance expenses. To my mind, the biggest drawback to getting involved with telecommunications, had to be the LONG DISTANCE charges.Apparently, Patricia had been quietly singing the praises of this system for many moons, but the music had fallen on deaf ears, except for the enlightened few. That didn't deter 'our' PJ, who can be just as tenacious as Barry when she chooses. So -- she persisted!. And finally the penny dropped and Barry, who was already into accessing bulletin boards, or BBS'ing as it's cVIEWPOINT.BY DAVID COBLEY.I'm sure most readers will have heard of the young man who complained how little his parents knew when he first entered university, and was surprised at how much they had learned by the time he graduated. It was simply a change of viewpoint. One of the things I had never been able to understand was the tremendous enthusiasm displayed by those who used their personal computers in telecommunications. Perhaps you are one of those who wondered what the fuss was all about. Are you?.our formula. This is how  the final  display will look. You will have to increase the width  of column 2 to 10 to accomodate the large sum of money.   |                1             |     2     |   3    |   4 ----------------------------------------------------------------  6| PRESENT VALUE OF INVESTMENT  | #5,000.00 |        | ----------------------------------|-----------|--------|--------  7| INTEREST RATE PER PERIOD     |    +12.0% |        | ----------------------------------|-----------|--------|-r finality.And Barry was being carefully primed, by that same Patricia Herrington, to take up arms in the cause of a telecommunications network that she had been using in Florida for ages, Fidonet. According to Pat, there was, in the Fidonet system, an international communications forum dedicated to ADAM. And this forum had a means to carry our E-mail (electronic mail) for next to nothing cost, at high speed, and was or could be, available to almost everyone in North America, without the need to incur lony  not  have  both  spreadsheets on the  same  page  for  total flexibility.  For this you will have to move this sheet  down  at least 5 lines by inserting 5 lines above it. Then merge the sheet from the last article and there you have it.Does  anyone have a problem that they think AdamCALC  can  solve? Could your home or business accounts do with some sort or  ready- reconner  to make life easier or have you created  a  spreadsheet that we could all benefit by? Why not write in.alled, saw an opportunity to pursue the Golden Fleece without spending as much of his own gilt.The outcome was, that Barry got the Fidonet bit in his teeth, and started pestering anyone and everyone who would listen, or who he could write to, about this newly-found plaything. Perhaps I use the term plaything ill-advisedly, but that's precisely what I thought it was at the time. A toy for those who lived close to large metropolitan centres.Now, I'm a pessimistic, small "c" conservative, by nature. One whate.)Not only was Dan "into" Fidonet, but he was interested in finding out if the local "hub" bulletin board operator had access to the ADAM portion of the system.At this point I think I should quickly explain that a hub BBS is like the hub of a wheel, the axis about which the whole thing runs. And the remainder of the local "net" resembles the spokes radiating from the hub. In a network such as Fidonet, and there are other and larger networks, the clever fellows who devised the system, have managed to ely little backwater that I happily call home. Why it's almost a hundred miles to Victoria where the closest contact with the outside E-mail world was likely to be. So I dismissed the whole idea as something that was beneficial only to those poor souls who weren't fortunate enough to live on an island paradise in the North Pacific; but not for me, who was!.Was I wrong!. Not that it's the first time, mind you, by any stretch of the imagination, or the last either. And how was it that I came to this startlid to remember, is it?.At the time I talked to Dan, I knew that Bart Lynch, or Zonker as he is known in ADAMland, who lives in Kent, WA, USA, close to Seattle, had access, in his local calling area, to the ADAM Echo. So at least we knew that it came that close to here. But how could we economically bring it to our immediate region.Thanks to the co-operation of our local "hub" BBS operator, or Sysop (Systems Operator), Gary Joneson of the Shangri-La BBS right here in Qualicum Beach, we were finally succesrprising I didn't get through to the Lost City BBS in Lantzville, because it turns out it's moved to Cedar.After reading so much verbiage written by Barry Wilson, on the benefits of "getting on to Fidonet", I asked Dan Pinko if he knew anything about the network. Couldn't have asked a better fella' because Dan runs a private node on just that very network, unbeknownst to me, I swear. (For the benefit of the uninitiated let me compare a network "node" to a telephone exchange. Some are public, some are privo sees a situation in it's worst possible scenario, and goes from there. After all!, things can only get better from that point, can't they?.Until now I had viewed other ADAMites enamorata with telecommunications, as purely a fleeting thing, a will-o-the-wisp fascination with seeing their words, of wisdom or folly, spread across the electronic miles between BBS's. And, in any case, how could I possibly afford the staggering long distance charges involved in my getting communications in and out of this lovestablish an interlocking spider's web of local networks, which permits the leapfrogging transfer of electronic mail, much like telegrams, at high speed, while incurring the minimum of long distance charges.The vehicle that carries this exchange of messages, is known as the Backbone, which is something like a conveyer belt, on to which millions of pieces of electronic data, in dozens of sub-systems known as Echo's can be loaded. Our echo is called, strange as it may seem, the ADAM Echo. Now that's not harng conclusion, that I may, possibly, be in error. It was as simple as mentioning Fidonet to Dan Pinko, which was precisely what I did. That was the first day of the rest of my life!.Several years ago, as part of a package purchase of ADAM components, I bought an old ADAMlink built-in modem. I even tried to use it once to call a BBS in Lantzville, about 15 miles away. I think it was called the Lost City BBS. But nobody answered my ADAMlink II call and my modem simply sat there, and did nothing. It's not susful in bringing the ADAM Echo to Nanaimo where Gary could pick it up, at night-time calling rates along with the rest of the Backbone. The process is fully automated and does most of it's work while Gary sleeps.All that remained to be done was to access Gary's "board" and read this new source of information. Now, Gary's board is so ultra modern that access is limited to those users operating at 2400 baud, or higher. My old internal ADAMlink was 300 baud. Where do we go from here?.First off, to access tat the end of January. The Echo contains some 200 messages at any one time. The first batch Dan downloaded was the entire 200 messages, in order for us to have a base to work from. From then on we only downloaded those messages that were "new" compared to what we had already read.Among this original group of messages, and subsequently, were some from one of the well-known ADAM personalities using Fidonet, Jack Leamy, of Toronto, a retired world traveller, ex print-news reporter and faithful advocate of alaccess it. Any outgoing mail I could upload to Dan,s board and he would repackage the Echo and send it on to Gary's board. Lost yet?.At first, I thought the subjects and contents of many of the "posts", or messages on the Echo, were frivolous, to say the least. But, as time passed, and the ADAM community became more comfortable with this new medium, things settled down and the messages became less frivolous and more interesting. And that trend continues.Based on that fact I decided to upgrade my modem cters in the screen presentation of incoming data. He complained that the first few characters of each successive line would simply disappear into thin air, with the result that he had to extrapolate what he saw in order to try to understand what was intended.Guy Cousineau, our Ottawa based guru on matters ADAM, concluded that the problem likely lay in the relatively slow VDP (Video Display Processor) chip on the ADAM, and suggested that Jack ask his sysop to add several "nulls", or blank spaces, to the sterface board from Micro-Innovations. This I ordered from Rich Clee in Toronto.Because of backorder problems with M-I, it took a long while for Rich to get my board, but finally it arrived. Now I was off and running, or so I thought. Imagine my disappointment when after installing the new board, complete with the properly patched software supplied by M-I, I was confronted with a screen presentation that had what I call "Leamy's Syndrome". I'd best explain that one.Dan and I started reading the ADAM Echo he Echo and see if further investment was warranted, Dan Pinko, who already operated at 2400 baud on his Big Blue compatible, offered to download the ADAM Echo during his daily session with Gary's board. Dan has a program called Pro-Comm Host, which allows him to set up as a BBS, and that was the way we were able to get the data transferred to my ADAM using my internal 300 baud modem. Sloooo-www, but it worked!. What I haven't told you is that Dan had to "unzip" and "unpack" the Echo before he could let me l things about ADAM. Jack, during a five year news gathering stint in the Far East, relied on his ADAM to provide him with typographic services, which occasioned some impressive improvisation on his part, from time to time, to keep his ADAM running.Jack was among the early ADAM participants in Fidonet, and had, among other things, decided to upgrade his modem speed to 2400. But, since he was still using his ADAM in the original 35 column TV screen format, he had encountered a problem with "missing" characapability to the 2400 baud rate that would let me access Gary's board directly. Fortunately Gary had a fairly new external SupraModem 2400 for sale because he was upgrading his to very high speed units, something like 19,200 baud I think. We made a deal for me to buy the 2400. So now I had to get a serial port for my ADAM in order to be able to use the new modem. I debated the pros and cons of getting the Orphanware or Micro-Innovations serial board and finally decided I should go for the MIB-2 multiple intart of each successive line, to permit his screen presentation to "catch up". This Jack did, finally settling for nine nulls, which apparently overcame the problem. However, once I discovered I had a case of "Leamy's Syndrome", I elected to try to overcome the problem by adding an 80 column so-called dumb terminal.One of the factors I had considered when selecting the MIB2 interface, was the fact that it would not only act as a parallel port for my dot matrix printer, but also provide two separate serial , and providing your addressee downloads their Echo regularly, you can readily expect replies to queries, problems and etc., within just a few days, in hard or soft copy, at your discretion.My costs for the package:-One used Supramodem 2400 baud modem for $90:00 net.One used Wyse W50 terminal/keyboard    $141.25 net.One MIB-2 interface board with software $89.95 net.Parts for two ribbon type serial cables $22.00 net.                                      TOTAL                                  $343.20n now access and work with the Fidonet system without an intermediary. I can read the ADAM Echo directly through Gary's bbs; I can save the incoming data to disc and review it offline; I can prepare replies or originate correspondence offline; and I can now simply upload a prepared file into the Echo. We had a few problems with that aspect of the procedures, mostly because of a pedantic interpretation of the command sequences which were described in the program documenation.What I do have is a communicati, and providing your addressee downloads their Echo regularly, you can readily expect replies to queries, problems and etc., within just a few days, in hard or soft copy, at your discretion.My costs for the package:-One used Supramodem 2400 baud modem for $90:00 net.One used Wyse W50 terminal/keyboard    $141.25 net.One MIB-2 interface board with software $89.95 net.Parts for two ribbon type serial cables $22.00 net.                                      TOTAL                                  $343.20ase in two-way traffic to make an appreciable difference in costs.Can you imagine originating a message to someone in Panama City, FL, USA, the home of the ADAM Echo Moderator, James Young, right at your own ADAM computer keyboard, asking for his help with an ADAM communications problem, and receiving a response from him within 48 hours?. And not only a response from him, but a response from another knowledgeable ADAMite, Guy Cousineau, from Ottawa at the same time. That means that, all things being equalports, one set up to be connected to a modem and one for connecting an 80 column monitor. For me, once I got the new terminal up and running, the problem with missing characters disappeared. I wouldn't want to try to compare the two solutions to the problem, but I prefer mine, since it also offers me the distinct advantage of seeing my screen presentation in full-size, wide screen format. (for technical details on the switch to 80 column, see my article on the subject in this issue of our newsletter).I ca.Worth every penny, I think. What about you?.David Cobley.s.Can you imagine originating a message to someone in Panama City, FL, USA, the home of the ADAM Echo Moderator, James Young, right at your own ADAM computer keyboard, asking for his help with an ADAM communications problem, and receiving a response from him within 48 hours?. And not only a response from him, but a response from another knowledgeable ADAMite, Guy Cousineau, from Ottawa at the same time. That means that, all things being equalons capability, (even soon maybe to Keith Marner in Britain,) which provides rapid inexpensive access to any other Fidonet ADAM Echo user. My day to day costs are negligible and not determined by the amount of traffic the ADAM Echo generates. The difference in transmission costs between one, or dozens of messages, at the extremely high transmission speeds used by the net, is simply not noticeable. The overall Backbone package is so huge, and so rapidly sent and received, that it would take an enormous increGLEANINGS.BY DAVID SANDS.Gleanings is a column of information, rumour, quotation and opinion gathered from exchange newsletters, miscellaneous sources, and Fidonet correspondence. All sources are cited, and interjections in quoted material are in square brackets: [ ]. Readers who desire more information should contact the Editor of their newsletter, their spiritual advisor, or get in tune with the universe.John Dvorak writes a syndicated newspaper column of computer advice that's printed all over Nort Especially in the computer world! Those same digital data drives that were thought to be so fast in l983, now seem to retrieve and store data at the same speed a turtle moves from one place to another.""When the ADAM was first introduced, there were no disk drives, not even single-sided ones, and it cost you $150 to install the second digital data drive. They talked about the ADAM being CP/M compatible, but in the same breath they told you that you would have to add a CP/M option, disk drives, and an 80-how about an ADAM? There are now hundreds of songs, the Midi-Mite interface for the ADAM works with any keyboard or synthesizer, and the prices!Compuserve, the H & R Block subsidiary, made record pretax earnings of $55,380,000 in its latest fiscal year. Revenues were $280,852,000; 11.6% higher than the previous year, a Block PR release says. If you're on CompuServe, I'm sure you did your bit.Only Yesterday: The ADAM Family home Computer was introduced at the Consumer Electronics Show in l983. Faye Deerer a Bushel, Terry: "Several small ADAM VENDORS have shut down sales. ADAMagic has ceased operation and turned over most of their software to the public domain. See the 18 new volumes now available in our ADAM PROGRAM LIBRARY reviewed in this issue of AIM [ADAM International Media]. And SM Video has ceased operation of his ADAM business with a crash. ADAM'S HOUSE has been offered their 800 number to respond to their customers and currently running ads, and we have agreed to help out. Statistics say that onlyl Data Drives: "The article went on to say that 'the tape system the ADAM uses to save data is really innovative. The reason: speed.' It further states that the data drive can 'transfer data at about 2,300 bytes per second. Thus a typical 20K program will enter ADAM in about eight seconds -- only about five seconds longer than a more expensive disc system. (With the older audio-cassette-tape systems, you could have dinner before a program that size was entered.)' What a difference eight or nine years makes.h America. (Gleanings is still available--phone me) One of his readers asked: "I know that I want some MIDI [Musical Instrument Digital Interface] equipment that hooks keyboards to computers. I'm not sure what kind of computer I want and exactly what it is I need." And Dvorak quotes an expert in reply: "First of all if money didn't matter I'd go with the Mac. But the PC is cheaper and the software may cost one third what you'd pay for on a Mac. It's less elegant, but functional." Now, if money does matter, column display board, all of which were not yet available! An ADAM cassette would cost in the neighborhood of $10, and I thought the games were priced extremely high for that period in time. Since the original price on the complete ADAM system less a TV monitor was only $600, I guess Coleco figured they had to get their money back somehow. Even at that, the ADAM computer was a break through in the home 'personal computer' market, and is still a great little computer, even today."Don't Hide Your Light Unde reports in the May '92  ECAUG nl that Popular Science magazine called it "the sensation of the show."  Here are some 1983 opinions about our ADAM and Faye's reactions to them today: the ADAM printer: "Popular Science stated that this speed [10 characters per second] was 'probably not fast enough for business use, but faster than most people type.' Therefore, it is 'a reasonable replacement for home typing chores.'In this age of speedy dot matrix and laser printers, that statement sounds very funny." Digita one out of twelve businesses will succeed. Most of the burden of success is placed on the owner's shoulders, and requires some keen insight and responsible management to keep the business in the profit zone. You simply cannot operate at a loss and expect to continue for long. And when vendors shut down, they usually leave customer problems unresolved -- unfilled orders, hardware and software that does not work correctly and other matters for which there is no recourse. It happened with E & T Software, Digiiddle. Keene blew up in his May '92 IEAUG nl and in an item titled ' I Wish They'd Quit' he said: 'I am getting fed up with the myriad of snide comments and downright character assassination leveled at Terry Fowler." He went on to say that if anyone had a beef, it should be dealt with personally. Keene says "It's embarrassing to read all of the invective regarding his failure to attend the ADAMCONs." So is that what it's about?Ron Collins says, in an article titled "The ADAM Conventions: what are they reatem are coming: "Yes, extra RAM is in the works. The TDOS 4.5 series are the regular (sort of CP/M 2.2) versions. TDOS 4.6 series are the ZCPR versions of TDOS; yet another step in the food chain. The next series, probably 5.x will REQUIRE at least 64K expansion and use part of it not so much for extra memory, but to store parts of the operating system itself. This means that the TPA (Transient Program Area) could grow from 48-50K to about 60K. Essentially, this means that you could run programs that are 10 me buy anything from him."And what does Terry Fowler say about all of this? In his July '92 ADAM International Media, under the article title "Slander" Fowler replies: "Its too bad some people have to blow their lid and write things that later they will regret. I prefer to focus my energy on the positive. I must take care of business on the home front, even with my wife yearning for a vacation, so the convention cannot be of high priority this year. I could go on about my health preventing my attendance humdinger on right now. It's only relevant to the Gleaner and his readers because some of the major players in ADAMdom are involved. Briefly, Terry Fowler (ADAM'S HOUSE) is on one side, and on the other is Ron Collins, a well-known, prolific ADAM nl contributor on CP/M, MIDI and ADAM hardware subjects. In the middle is Tom Keene, best known to us at VISA for his VDE and CP/M writing, but also an ADAM activist and supporter from way back. All of these guys have their own friends, too.Let's start with the mtal Express and Heritage, just to name a few. When it comes to mail orders, stick with someone like ADAM'S HOUSE and be assured of fast dependable service and sales." (capitals in original) Terry Fowler, AIM News, May/June '92.From Fidonet: Great news for operating system lovers and fans of TDOS, among whom you can include your favorite newsletter editor, and, if he ever learns it, this writer. Guy Cousineau, one of TDOS's co-authors, told Barry Wilson, and all of us that more advanced versions of the syslly for?" appearing in the Puget Sound ADAM Newsnet and many other nl's: "..there was an ADAM vendor in Texas who had been a tremendous supporter of the ADAM. He provided more software and hardware than just about anyone else. When asked if he would come to an ADAMCON, though, he answered 'If you can guarantee I'll make as much money there (at the convention) as I will sitting right here, then I'll come. Otherwise, I'll stay at home.' He may have a good point as far as he's concerned, but you will never seeK bigger. Anything beyond that use of the expander, to my knowledge, has never been tried in CP/M on any Z80 machine anywhere. Now, I have been known to be wrong in the past! Regardless, putting the operating system in expansion memory is the next step. What this will mean is that people who do not have at least 64K [expansion memory] will have to stick with TDOS 4.5x until such time as they get one. The only thing that is missing is TIME."The ADAM world has always had its little squabbles, and there's a at ADAMCON, and it is true, but I don't think too many people will miss me. After all there will be a good attendance of people to gather with that know as much as I do, and more. But a final thought about writing bad things about others, most of the NEWSLETTER EDITORS do a good job of keeping their publications positive, and ADAM'S HOUSE has received a fair share of praise from almost all. I don't use a modem much anymore, so I don't frequent the BBS's out there. But, I'm sure the SYSOPS are keeping thingsnow if anyone else has done this but it works and I thought I would mention it. I wanted some music in my den and I had a large Panasonic stereo that was made for a van. The stores around here wanted $69.95 for an adapter that would convert 120VAC [Volts Alternating Current] to 12 volts dc. I started to read the ASG [ADAM Survival Guide] that you sent me and to my surprise there were the values I was looking for coming right out of my ADAM. So I plugged in my spare printer and ran the stereo off its output.wed SmartWRITER HELPER for the United Kingdom ADAM Subscribers Journal (April/May '92) and came up with some interesting numbers. HELPER allows you to use a RAM disk (Random Access Memory) with SmartWRITER. He measured the time taken by ADAM, using the HELPER program, to Store/Get a 15K SmartWRITER file. To Get, from tape, 52 seconds, from disk, 29 seconds, from RAM disk, 24 seconds. To Store the same file, respectively, 115 seconds, 35 seconds and 16 seconds. My impression was that the RAM disk was far fas 52 seconds, from disk, 29 seconds, from RAM disk, 24 seconds. To Store the same file, respectively, 115 seconds, 35 seconds and 16 seconds. My impression was that the RAM disk was far faster than these numbers show. Perhaps its because it's quiet -- nothing to listen to.George Ekman of the Edmonton ADAM User's Group uses two ADAM's at his small manufacturing business to do the books and keep track of the inventory. He has them both hooked up to one Micro Innovations disk drive and writes about the ways tt's text, and it, depending on where you live, has vast amounts of text. What is it?NIAD's new address is 8125 W. Catherine, Chicago, IL., USA 60656. Phone number is (312) 775-0409. NIAD announced in April that TDOS 4.59, the latest version, is now available at $6 on two 160K flippys, with documentation another $4.ADAMLink V has been released. $24.95 from usual suppliers or authors HLM-GK Software Co., 8912 Blaine Ave., Cleveland, OH. USA 44106.New use for ADAM: For Sure!  "New Use for ADAM: I don't k clean. As for other forms of communication in the ADAM COMMUNITY, I hope there will be some better controls in the future." (capitals in original)So there it is, as fair a summary as the Gleaner can manage of the current controversy. Personally, I'm with Tom Keene: I wish they'd quit.Guy Cousineau has written the EOS Programmers Manual. It will be 115 pages, sell for $10, be indexed, have an entire program listing, and be available shortly. ADAM User Friendly Group nl, May/June '92.J.M. Bickley revie" Brian Reid, 463 ADAM, March '92.And that's Gleanings for another issue. If anything excites your interest, contact your friendly neigborhood ADAM newsletter editor.J.M. Bickley reviewed SmartWRITER HELPER for the United Kingdom ADAM Subscribers Journal (April/May '92) and came up with some interesting numbers. HELPER allows you to use a RAM disk (Random Access Memory) with SmartWRITER. He measured the time taken by ADAM, using the HELPER program, to Store/Get a 15K SmartWRITER file. To Get, from tape,ter than these numbers show. Perhaps its because it's quiet -- nothing to listen to.George Ekman of the Edmonton ADAM User's Group uses two ADAM's at his small manufacturing business to do the books and keep track of the inventory. He has them both hooked up to one Micro Innovations disk drive and writes about the ways this can be done in the May/June '92 ADAM'S Leaf.There is one very well known, almost universal publication, with which we are all familiar, that doesn't use a single period or comma in ihis can be done in the May/June '92 ADAM'S Leaf.There is one very well known, almost universal publication, with which we are all familiar, that doesn't use a single period or comma in it's text, and it, depending on where you live, has vast amounts of text. What is it?NIAD's new address is 8125 W. Catherine, Chicago, IL., USA 60656. Phone number is (312) 775-0409. NIAD announced in April that TDOS 4.59, the latest version, is now available at $6 on two 160K flippys, with documentation another $4.ADAMhe tabs to your preference when you start VDE and that is also one of the User Options.There are quite a few User Options, not all of which are of interest to everyone. One which I should call to your attention is the alternate video in header. In the header (that top line on the screen of the text you are working on) contains some useful information. You may have the data presented as white letters on a black background or inverse with black characters on a white background. Either way may be OK but I haSurvival Guide] that you sent me and to my surprise there were the values I was looking for coming right out of my ADAM. So I plugged in my spare printer and ran the stereo off its output." Brian Reid, 463 ADAM, March '92.And that's Gleanings for another issue. If anything excites your interest, contact your friendly neigborhood ADAM newsletter editor.12) 775-0409. NIAD announced in April that TDOS 4.59, the latest version, is now available at $6 on two 160K flippys, with documentation another $4.ADAMll not only be very pleasant but it will make the header vastly easier to read. Now when you opt for inverse video in the header, the line across the top will be a yellow band against a blue background and the characters in that yellow band are a high contrast black. In the main body of the text you have high contrast white characters against a dark blue background. Another place where this yellow background is of enormous value is in the use of control characters. Modern printers make extensive use of the PUT IT IN WRITING: PART TWO.BY THOMAS J. KEENE.(Here is Part Two of Tom Keene's series on word processing with your ADAM. Part One appeared in the May/June issue of this newsletter.)Another User option which is something that you will probably want to personalize, is the tab settings. The default setting is five spaces for the first tab, then ten more for the second tab and twenty additional (total 35) for the third tab. The last default tab setting is at 55. These may be OK (or not) but you can set tLink V has been released. $24.95 from usual suppliers or authors HLM-GK Software Co., 8912 Blaine Ave., Cleveland, OH. USA 44106.New use for ADAM: For Sure!  "New Use for ADAM: I don't know if anyone else has done this but it works and I thought I would mention it. I wanted some music in my den and I had a large Panasonic stereo that was made for a van. The stores around here wanted $69.95 for an adapter that would convert 120VAC [Volts Alternating Current] to 12 volts dc. I started to read the ASG [ADAM ve a great suggestion for those using a color monitor. I really recommend this setup.A COGENT SUGGESTIONI recommend that you use the CONFIG command and change the color of the background and the characters. Set the background to Dark Blue (4). Set the Character Clear Bit Color to Transparent (0) and the Character Set Bit Color to White (F). The inverse characters are changed also. Set the Character Clear Bit Color to Dark Yellow and the Character Set Bit Color to Black (1). This arrangement of colors wiLink V has been released. $24.95 from usual suppliers or authors HLM-GK Software Co., 8912 Blaine Ave., Cleveland, OH. USA 44106.New use for ADAM: For Sure!  "New Use for ADAM: I don't know if anyone else has done this but it works and I thought I would mention it. I wanted some music in my den and I had a large Panasonic stereo that was made for a van. The stores around here wanted $69.95 for an adapter that would convert 120VAC [Volts Alternating Current] to 12 volts dc. I started to read the ASG [ADAM control characters. Take for example the escape character; it is a control character that is displayed as the character [ inside a black box. But with this arrangement it will be displayed as a black [ inside a bright yellow box against a dark blue screen. This really stands out! And since you will have zillions of these control characters interspersed through your text as printer control commands, you will really appreciate this suggestion. If you would prefer not to have the header, it can be removed altocodes for your printer. Look at the heading of this article. There are printer control codes that select the font style, double wide and double high, double strike, emphasized mode, centering, as well as setting the page length and skip over perforations and a host of operations that you may wish to use time and again. These can be a real pain in the neck to remember if you have to set them up each time you start a new article. It is very easy to forget one or more of the control codes, which only becomes aly use the help screens, then it would be to your advantage to set this to "No". As I said there are a large number of the user options and I refer you to the VINSTALL documentation. It is named VINST266.DOC.VDE will accept "wildcards" in its search mode for selected strings of text. For example, if you want to search for the word "weird" but you know that sometimes you are prone to spell it "wierd". So in your search you can enter the word as "w__rd" where the character "_" is the wildcard that VDE uses. processor. For instance, the VDE command to go to the bottom of a file is Control Q C (^QC). That in itself isn't too hard to remember, but when you add it to a list of over 70 control commands, it is not too difficult to forget it. Of greater significance is the fact that it is a lot easier to press just one key instead of three. Each person might have a unique preference for the most wanted macro keys but there are a lot of seldom used keys in CP/M which are naturals for using as macros. That group of sitions. For those who are not familiar with the meaning of the term "macros", it means that you have changed a particular key to perform a different operation. You may change the uppercase "1" (one) to enter a string of words like "Now is the time for having fun."Of course, that is a frivolous example, but you may want to make a macro for letter writing where one key enters your address, another your City, State and Zip Code. You can make macros that do certain things, such as activate a string of control gether with a toggle command or it can be suppressed in the default mode by a User Option selection.One user option you should be aware of is the Enable Help Menus option. This is normally set to "yes". In this case, if you need help there are a lot of instructions that are at your fingertips while you are writing. If you are experienced enough and feel that you no longer require these help menus, you may disable them and this will gain you about 1K of additional editing space (room for text). If you rarepparent when you type out the document. A macro can be made that will do many such chores at the stroke of a single key. VDE has a provision for creating macros that become a part of VDE until you change them. This is another of the uses of the VINSTALL program.Personally I haven't used the macro provision since I began using QUIKKEYS. It can supply virtually unlimited (not quite) macros and it is very easy to create and store new macros. I just can't stress enough the value of macros in the use of a word If you don't care for the uppercase 6 to be your wildcard, you may select another wildcard of your choice in the User Option section.These user options can save a lot of time once you are set up. However, most of them are also activated by one of the standard commands in VDE. Quite often these are commands that toggle an option "on" or "off".GETTING STARTED: A word or two on 'MACROS'Having set your User Options, you may wish to continue with VINSTALL and create a group of "MACROS" for special applicax keys in the upper right hand corner of your keyboard aren't used at all in CP/M. And each of them has an uppercase and three of them have a control key application. This gives you 15 keys for macro operation right there and you would never use them in word processing otherwise. Another extremely useful thing about QUIKKEYS is that you can have more than one set of macros just waiting on your disk to be implemented. You could have a set that is dedicated to a given kind of writing. You might create a set t the second line of the header, this prompt will be the third line.The next entry of the header is [A. This tells you the mode you have selected. The "A" stands for ASCII. You recall that I said the mode could be Non document, ASCII or WordStar. The mode in the default mode is ASCII but it may be changed in the command line:A>VDE266 {B:} {FILENAME.TYP} {[m} <CR>As in the earlier command line, the curly brackets {} indicate an optional entry. I have added the command to change the mode. The letter m caeden, Italy, Spain (2), Japan, Norway, Latin America, Korea, Legal) they could be implemented with a set of macros, one for each nation. This unique set of macros would only be activated when you were going to be doing that kind of writing. But there is indeed no limit, other than disc space, for as many sets of macros as you need. I have several sets of QUIKKEY macros for my word processing but I have other sets for use in telecommunications and other applications.VDE now uses the same command and controyou really require. The next entry is of equal importance. It displays the column where the cursor is now residing. I refer to this almost constantly. It is for this reason alone that I never turn off the header. The final entry is seen to be "vt". This indicates that I have selected variable tabs. If I have selected in my user options to have the insert mode as a default mode, that would appear here as "INS". If I had enabled hyphenation in the User Options I would see "hy" here. "AI" would indicate Auto IXT Pg 0 Ln 1 Cl 45 vt]...T.........T....................T...................T..................................===> 255(NOTE RE ABOVE: TRANSCRIPTION IS EXACT BUT FORMAT IS NOT.)The BO: on the first line of the header tells you that this text will be saved on the B:Drive. The name of the file is next displayed. This may be changed while you are in control of VDE. The command to change the file name is Control K N (^KN). The header then opens the next line with the prompt:Name:_If you had a ruler onhat has all of the macros that you would use in normal text preparation. But you would want an entirely different set of macros for screen play writing.If you are doing a lot of technical writing which requires formatting that is unique to special reports that may even call for a lot non-standard characters, you could use a separate set of macros. If your printer supports International Character sets (for example the EPSON LQ510 has special character sets for USA, France, Germany, England, Denmark (2), Swn be either A,N, or W. The mode selector can be a plain letter (A,W or N) but it must be separated from the filename with a space and/or a "[".The next entry on the header is the page number. This will only show a meaningful number if you have selected pagination. This will be discussed later. The next entry is of great value to you in writing your text. It shows you what line number you are now working on. Any time you are doing writing that must be precisely located on the page, this is the information l settings that WordStar 4.0 uses. It doesn't have quite as many (for example the dot commands are not available as such) but anyone who is familiar with WordStar will have no trouble using VDE.I mentioned the "ruler" earlier in this article. Here is a general way that it will appear on the second line of the header. Because of the limitations of page width in the publication of the newsletter I can't display an entire ruler header. But you should get a good idea of what it can do for you:BO:TESTFILE.TEndent: "DS" indicates Double Space: "MR" indicates margin release. If I invoke a control command from the keyboard, the "^Q" or "^K" will briefly appear here. Also a number of diagnostics will show up here from time to time. If I exit, I will see the word "wait" appear here.I intend to continue this discussion of the use of the word processor VDE in the next issue of the newsletter.Thomas J. KeeneIEAUGny time you are doing writing that must be precisely located on the page, this is the information first implemented, and where, and by whom.I'm still gathering information for the FidoNet/Backbone/Adam Echo material, but the subject of EchoMail is an integral part of all of this. The rest of this message and the following message contain some information on EchoMail that I adapted and updated from one of the FidoNet technical standard documents.WHAT IS EchoMail?EchoMail is a technique to permit several nodes (individual (BBS) systems) on a network to share a message base. This is similar in concepFIDONET FILTERINGS.BY DAVID COBLEY.(Readers may recall that in our last issue we started a new column called Fidonet Filterings authored by yours truly. That first column contained representative messages extracted from the International ADAM Echo. Because David Sands will be covering the information aspects of the ADAM Echomail message base in his regular column "Gleanings", I thought that, in this column, I would try to keep readers informed on some of the topical and historical aspects of the Conferey users who are not educated about EchoMail do not realize that each message transmitted may cost MANY sysops (system operators) money, (for LD charges. ED.) not just the local sysop. This is an important consideration in EchoMail and should not be taken lightly. In a conference with 100 systems as participants the cost per message can get quite high.The EchoMail System is designed to operate in conjunction with a FidoNet compatible mail server such as BinkleyTerm or Front Door. Some BBS software, such asnal message text for subject identification purposes. BDC.)Message #3837 - ADAM (Received)   Date: 03-07-92 19:16   From: James Young     To: David CobleySubject: FidoNet, EchoMail, Etc.DC> Jim, it would be of considerable benefit to me, and probably to anyDC> other ADAM newsletter editors if someone, possibly you, could write aDC> short article, say 800 - 1600 words, about the formation of Fidonet,DC> the Backbone and the ADAM Echo. When was it conceived, created, andDC> when was the ADAM Echo you really require. The next entry is of equal importance. It displays the column where the cursor is now residing. I refer to this almost constantly. It is for this reason alone that I never turn off the header. The final entry is seen to be "vt". This indicates that I have selected variable tabs. If I have selected in my user options to have the insert mode as a default mode, that would appear here as "INS". If I had enabled hyphenation in the User Options I would see "hy" here. "AI" would indicate Auto It to the conferences available on many of the computer services, but it is more closely related to the Usenet system.All systems sharing a given conference see any messages entered into the conference by any of the participating systems. This can be implemented in such a way as to be totally transparent to the users of a particular node. In fact, they may not even be aware of the network being used to move their messages about from node to node! Unfortunately, this has its disadvantages also - because mannce. To obtain material for this column, I asked James Young, of Panama City, FL, USA., the Moderator of our International ADAM Conference, to provide me with some background information etc. for our enlightenment. Here are the texts of the various messages I have received to date in response to that initiative. For the benefit of those readers that are not familiar with message base practices, where a line of text is preceded by initials followed by a > bracket, thus DC> it is a direct quote from the origi Opus and Fido, include a built-in server.HISTORY OF EchoMailIn late 1985, Jeff Rush, a sysop in Dallas who was using Fido BBS software and who was linked with other Fido BBS systems into a network they called "FidoNet", wanted a convenient means of sharing ideas with the other Dallas sysops. He created a system of programs he called EchoMail, and the Dallas Sysops' Conference was born. Within a short time sysops in other areas began hearing of this marvellous new gadget and EchoMail took on a life of iorigin line; and one or more "path" lines which are located after the seen-by lines.Some of this 'control information' is usually hidden or removed from the messages that are displayed for callers to see. The "area tag" identifies the EchoMail area that the message "belongs to" (and each EchoMail Conference has a unique "tag"). [The Adam EchoMail conference "tag" is "ADAM".] The "area tag" is usually removed before messages are displayed.The "tear line" begins with three dashes "---" followed by a short8:18   From: James Young     To: David CobleySubject: EchoMail, Part 2ECHOMAIL (Part 2 of 2 parts)HOW IT WORKSThe EchoMail System is still functionally compatible with the original EchoMail utilities. In general, the process is:1. A message is entered into a designated area on a FidoNet compatible system.2. This message is "Exported" along with some control information to each system "linked" to the conference through the originating system.3. Each of the receiving systems "Import" the messag for preventing multiple copies of the same message from being generated since the mail processing software will not export the message to any system which is listed on the "seen-by" line. The final control item is the "path" line which consists of the FidoNet addresses of systems which have actually processed the message in some way (usually by exporting it). An examination of the addresses in the "path" line can help determine which system is generating duplicate messages or can pinpoint the source of prosage began to circulate. To prevent this, the information contained in the 'control information' section of an EchoMail message is used to prevent transmitting the same message more than once to a single system.The 'control information' consists of an "area tag" which is located after the "to, from, date, time, and subject" fields but before the text; a "tear line" which is located just after the text; an "origin" line which immediately follows the tear line; one or more "seen-by" lines which follows the ts own.Today, the FidoNet public network boasts a myriad of conferences varying in size from the dozen-or-so participants in the FidoNet Technical Standards Committee Conference to conferences with hundreds and even thousands of participants. It is not uncommon for a node to carry 200 or more conferences and share those conferences with 100 or more nodes.--- QuickBBS 2.76 (Gamma-2) Origin: ADAM FidoNet Conference Moderator * Panama City FL (1:3608/2)Message #4013 - ADAM (Received)   Date: 09-07-92 1 identifier, usually the name of the BBS software or the message editor that was used to create the message. The origin line begins with " * Origin: " and often includes the name, location, and telephone number of the FidoNet system where the message originated. The last item in the origin line must be the FidoNet address which is enclosed in parentheses and is in the form "(1:3608/1.0)".The "seen-by" lines contain the FidoNet address of each system which has already seen the message. This is the key iteme into the proper EchoMail area.4. The receiving systems then "Export" these messages, along with additional control information, to each of their "downstream" conference links.5. Return to step 3.As you can see, the method is quite simple - in general. Of course, following the steps literally would mean messages would never stop being Exported and transmitted to other systems. This obviously would not be desired since the network would quickly become overburdened as hundreds of copies of the same mesblems with bad messages.--- QuickBBS 2.76 (Gamma-2)* Origin: 221B Baker Street * Panama City FL * 904-871-6536 (1:3608/1)Message #4106 - ADAM (Received)   Date: 05-07-92 17:15   From: James Young     To: David CobleySubject: FidoNet, EchoMail, the ADAM Echo, Etc.The International ADAM EchoMail Conference was created by Bill Freads, from Toronto, Ontario. As Bill relates below, he actually started before EchoMail was invented and the Adam echos were among the first EchoMail conferences when EchoMadless to say, many were trying to scramble onto the Bandwagon after they heard about it. I had many, many CP/M programs online that would work on the ADAM machine.Anyway, after the demise of the ADAM machine here, many users simply gave up calling, so, that was the reason I asked for a Moderator to take over my Echo. You seemed the most interested person in it, so you got it, while I moved on to other things.Hope this gave you a little insight on how the areas started. The ADAM_TEK echo was amalgamated That merged echo became known as ADAM.======= FidoNet Netmail Message from 1:12/700 ==============     Lightly Edited by Jim Young    =======Date: 07-05-92 15:04From: Bill Freads  To: James YoungSubj: Re: The ADAM EchoWell, lemme see. I started when I bought my ADAM machine, I wanted to put up a BBS that dealt exclusively with ADAM related material, so after many frustrating hours with Coleco, here and in the US, I decided to go via another machine and created the ADAM_Net, (change from the clubs n all other system BBS's. This means that each message is be transmitted or ECHOED to all others. Ned's Opus carries both local (Ottawa) and International echo systems. Please read through some of the messages in the various echo areas to be clear as to the type of information carried in each.LOCAL echo areas contain Ottawa area messages. These messages are exchanged between participating systems at no cost to BBS's.INTERNATIONAL(INTL) echo areas are part of a worldwide network of 10000 plus systems. Thams from Tony's Corner in Illinois. Questions were asked and answered here. Syd (???)(forgotten his full name) (Carter maybe? ED) was the Techy for the ADAM machine, he would answer questions from here and the US, but, we were the only totally ADAM BBS here in Canada as well. So, eventually, you hooked up as well, but there was another ADAM board in Chicago, well, you know all about that anyway. So, there you have the basic founding of the first ADAM BBS here in Canada.I was the first in such a setup. Neeil came along in 1985.In late 1988, Bill asked for a volunteer to take over as moderator of the ADAM echo when he got ready to move on to other things and I volunteered and got the job.Bill still operates a BBS, and his system is still a member of FidoNet. I told him of the interest of some folks in the beginning of the ADAM echo and asked if he would provide us some comments on it. Here's a lightly-edited version of what he told me. He mentions that the ADAM_TEK echo was merged into the ADAM_GEN echo. into the ADAM_GEN area because of lack of participation from the local ADAM clubs and their promoting the board.--- QuickBBS 2.76 (Gamma-2) * Origin: 221B Baker Street * Panama City FL * 904-871-6536 (1:3608/1)Message #4411 - ADAM   Date: 07-06-9 00:00   From: Ian Hobbs     To: Sysop (Shangri-La)Subject: Test fileGuy Cousineau asked me to send this to you.-----------------------------------------------------EchoMail is a system whereby a message entered at any BBS in the system appears later oof that time). I created local areas for ADAM_TEK, ADAM_GEN, and ADAM_PRG. I used to call another board in the US, Tony's Corners in Net 120 (still there), so when Echomail was invented, Tony asked me if I was willing to try. Well, I could see the possibility of this sort of media and so the very first Canada/USA echomail transfer was made. For that matter, ADAM_TEK and ADAM_GEN were the very first echomail connections made between USA/Canada.The rest is history. I would get many of the ADAM related progre transmission of these messages costs supporting BBS's in telephone bills. Consequently, any messages or inquiries entered should be of general interest or individual technical importance.Reading of messages, of course, incurs no costs! This is not meant to limit user echo participation, but should be considered by participants so that all users get the most enjoyment and information vs. the costs of system support.                  ECHOMAIL TUTORIAL.This is a brief tutorial describing the Opus phenothat the message was entered on. That name may or may not be a familiar name to you. At the end of the line there are two numbers in parenthesis separated by a slash (/). This is the address of the originating bulletin board. The first number is called the net number, and the second is called the node number. The net number defines a geographical area. For example, Ottawa is 163. The node number refers to the particular BBS within that area that originally sent the message. Ned's Opus Line 1 is node 211, anicular area.Since all messages in each echo area are sent out to other boards, they are always public. But even if private, anyone with Sysop privileges can read a private message. If you need to send private messages, use the NetMail area (1), not echomail.Now, all you have to do to use EchoMail, is read the messages in the Echo Areas, and enter or reply to them. EchoMail takes care of the rest. Please participate in EchoMail with us. We provide this as a service, and would really enjoy seeing it put tof a group of messages get passed down the line. When this happens, Opus decides it is better to resend all the messages and make sure at least one set gets through intact. Sometimes this results in having the same message sent twice.I hope you enjoy both local and international conferencing with EchoMail!All of the EchoMail conferences available at your privilege level are listed on the Message Areas menu.Ian HobbsEDITOR'S FOOTNOTE:Thanks to James Young, Ian Hobbs, Gary Joneson and Guy Cousineau y entire system can be removed. Therefore if you do something wrong, I *WILL* remove your access to that echo.Another reminder, some echos allow handles, some don't. I have set up this system to use the appropriate name. That is why I need your real name.           OTHER ECHOMAIL CHARACTERISTICS.At the end of each message in an Echo Area, there are several lines of information about that particular message's travel across the country. The first is call the Origin line, and shows the name of the board mena called EchoMail. It explains how to enter messages, and use EchoMail to send messages to others.What EchoMail does for you is allow you to talk to people on other bulletin boards across the world without having to know who, or where they are. You can tell an EchoMail Area from the Area Name. It will say something about an echo area or national conference, etc. All you have to do is enter a message in one of these areas, and it is automatically sent out to any and all boards participating in that partd Line 2 is node 210. You can find a listing of all the net/node numbers in the entire world in an archived file in File Area 12 called NODELIST.Ann (where nn is a number), or a listing of nodes in just the Ottawa area in an archived file called N163LIST.Ann??, in the same area.Sometimes you will see the same message twice in an Echo Area. This is the most annoying part of using an EchoMail area. Since the messages pass from node to node through the phone lines, sometimes a message get garbled or not all o use. Enjoy!                   ECHOMAIL RULES.The rules of a particular Echo are determined by the Echo Moderator. The Moderator is the supreme being in the echo. He/She and the assistant Moderators have the right to discipline the people who break the rules. The person who is directly responsible to the moderator is the SysOp of the system originating the message.The Moderator has the right to remove your privilege of using that echo. If a moderator asks me to remove you from the echo and I don't, mfor assisting me in assembling the foregoing. BDC.إhe net/node numbers in the entire world in an archived file in File Area 12 called NODELIST.Ann (where nn is a number), or a listing of nodes in just the Ottawa area in an archived file called N163LIST.Ann??, in the same area.Sometimes you will see the same message twice in an Echo Area. This is the most annoying part of using an EchoMail area. Since the messages pass from node to node through the phone lines, sometimes a message get garbled or not all and the deadline was 10 a.m., and I'd been working on the piece for ten hours, and NO WAY was I going to do that page over no matter how crummy it sounded... And that old "steam" typewriter. Frances bought it secondhand when she was in high school - new ones were hard to get during the war. Great, but did my typing look chintzy beside the output of those IBM electrics with the "golfball" print element. And that box marked ADAM had a printer in it that turned out work just like an office electric. And our STEPPING UP WITH ADAM.BY RICHARD M. CLEE.(Richard Clee was, for many years until he recently resigned, president of MTAG. He is the owner/operator of our only Canadian source of ADAM software, hardware and supplies, ADAM Services. Rich has undertaken to supply us with topical articles from time to time, for which he earns our gratitude. His incisive humour added to his extensive experience in matters "ADAM" make his writing a pleasure to publish and to enjoy. BDC.) I remember very well the bleak Novem and a local shop had ADAMs at $500. We decided to get one but somehow never quite got there. At Canadian Tire we didn't miss, and joined the long happy line of new ADAM owners at the checkout. I knew the ADAM was on sale because it was discontinued. So over the following weeks I wondered about things I figured would be hard to come by after a while. I got half a dozen or so printer ribbons, on the theory they'd be a fund only after all other sources ran out. I still have half of them. I figured three or about that. We'd been reading Consumer Reports back in 1983 when they talked about the current computers with word processors. I had always wanted "a typewriter that worked like a typewriter should"; that would let me put the words up on a screen, and then change them around, correct the spelling, switch paragraph positions, change tenses and punctuation and grammar, all without having to retype a whole page every time I changed my mind a little. Oh, the horrors in some work I'd done, because it was 1 a.m. of a group of messages get passed down the line. When this happens, Opus decides it is better to resend all the messages and make sure at least one set gets through intact. Sometimes this results in having the same message sent twice.I hope you enjoy both local and international conferencing with EchoMail!All of the EchoMail conferences available at your privilege level are listed on the Message Areas menu.Ian HobbsEDITOR'S FOOTNOTE:Thanks to James Young, Ian Hobbs, Gary Joneson and Guy Cousineau daughter, who had just taken typing (on an electric, naturally) in high school, was making teen-age suggestions about certain old fogies discovering the 20th century before it was all gone. Of course Consumer Reports had mentioned the ADAM was pretty buggy, and something over a kilobuck - Consumers Distributing was discounting ADAM to $1099 then - was pretty steep for a maybe unreliable typewriter. We decided to wait till they got the bugs out. Then some months later we read Coleco was cutting the prices,ber day seven and more years ago when Frances and I went up to the big Canadian Tire store in Toronto to get some plumbing supplies. It seemed like the whole front of the store was walled off with piles of big, predominantly blue cartons, from which almost every third customer was snatching one and wrestling it to the checkout. And the price tag - $299.95 - wasn't big-volume league. What was going on? It didn't take too close a look for us to figure it out. We spotted the word "ADAM" on the side. We knew four datapacks would be a lifetime supply - you could always erase them. When I got my ADAM home I discovered it had a funny slot for video games. Zapping aliens is not my thing, but I was curious. I heard there was a guy who was forming an ADAM club who could tell me about these things. So I called him. The guy told me a lot; I've been going to club meetings pretty well ever since. Picture of a pretty typical ADAM user? Yep. Bought it as a word processor, no great interest in anything else. Still not pions, some very simple classics written in Basic. There are help and convenience collections, to balance your chequebook or do metric conversions. There are template or demonstration programs to show you the tricks in your own BASIC, Logo or ADAMcalc programming. There are utilities like copy programs, most helpful in the making of backups. And that's just in EOS. When you move to TDOS, which itself is public domain, you can get into the CP/M realm with word processors such as VDE266 that Thomas Keene is , maybe even stove, refrigerator, or even house. And if you weren't still pretty enthusiastic about it, you wouldn't be reading this. So - don't you think it's really time you did something about your ADAM? How about some new software, letting you try your hand at some computer capability that has you curious? There are very few ADAM programs that cost as much as a case of beer. And the good ones certainly last an awful lot longer. The hardware is considerably more pricey. But you did go out and buy a cthey find it limited. Specialized variations of SmartFiler are Address Book Filer (with an automatic phone dialer), and Recipe Filer. Smart Letters and Forms for use with SmartWriter or SmartFiler. Expertype remains a highly rated typing tutorial. The last three are available, in original packaging, for $9.26; SmartFiler and Address Book are available used in the $15 - $25 range. Probably the most underrated program Coleco put out is SmartLOGO ($18.52). This is usually dismissed by most programmers, as itded, shipping and (in Ontario only) provincial sales tax extra. So let's start at the soft end - software. The least expensive level is public domain, where you pay only a copy fee, (mine is $3.00), unless you want the supplier to provide a disc or datapack as well, at regular retail price. There are lots of public domain games, some arcade style (from Cabbage Patch Kids Adventure in the Park to shoot-'em-ups like Super Subroc), some graphically simple intellectual teasers like Guy Cousineau's three collectarticularly knowledgeable or skilled. So what am I doing with a couple of backup ADAMs all with dual tape drives, a modem, interface and dot-matrix printer, memory expander, Megacopy, four disc drives and so much software I won't live long enough to find out what much of it does, let alone use it? My answer to that: why aren't the rest of you the same? Seriously, let's consider it. You've had your machine probably as long as I have, going on eight years now. That's probably longer than you've had your carso enthusiastic about, the inflexible but almost idiot proof PC File database program that can handle up to 1500 records at a time, and powerful commercial programs such as Wordstar 5.0, Supercalc II and dBase II. Telecommunications support such as Madam7, MEX, IMP and other popular variants are easy to come by. And utilities to do almost anything. Most of the original Coleco programs are still around new or used. Opinion is divided on SmartFiler, many considering it an ideal system, others claiming that olour TV and VCR and microwave and stereo and CD player since you got your ADAM, didn't you? But they're priced in the same league as a dot-matrix printer with interface, or disc drive, and far more than a memory expander or external modem with interface. Yet if you're serious enough about your ADAM to still have it and use it and be a member of a supporting club, should you be denying yourself these computer conveniences? Before we go further, all prices quoted in this article are in CDN funds, GST inclu is the language used to teach children the beginnings of computer skills in school. It is very graphically oriented and allows the creation of quite entertaining, animated pictures with very little practice. But what's overlooked is that a language simple enough for children to use and understand, and produce gratifying results all but instantly, has to have enormously sophisticated powers built in. Ron Mitchell, of the ADAM User Friendly Group in Ottawa, is currently playing with this. Expect him to come en recover it if you do, programming aids for the serious programmers, and a miscellany of others for almost any need. Who knows, even you might find a copy of Dragon not only more entertaining than a night at the movies but less expensive too. Some of the programs mentioned require hardware upgrades. By now everyone has a second tape drive - don't you? But be warned; once you've experienced the convenience of a disc drive (5.25" 320K, $259.95) you'll rarely use tape again. Just as well; by extensive shopto numerical record-keeping chores, it can multiply the usefulness of your ADAM many times over. Thinking retirement, but need to calculate your projected income and expenses under varying conditions? Taking back a mortgage and need to know your returns for various terms and various rates of interest? Just acting as treasurer of the bridge club? ADAMcalc can make your life infinitely easier - and your results much more accurate. Of course as soon as Coleco dropped the ADAM and stopped providing software, mpatient types who wants to set up ramdiscs for switching between programs, or plan on doing a lot of memory-intensive graphics, 256K will cost you $74.95. Many of the better games, PowerPAINT, Showoff II, and a number of miscellaneous programs require at least 64K of memory expansion. At the price, surely it's worth trying. If you're going to print out your pretty designs, you'll need a dot matrix printer. You can find one at your local IBM store, at prices ranging upward from about $165 - the cable, froits graphics powers, so much program development has been concentrated here. The best overall program is PowerPAINT ($36.95) which works not only with graphics created within itself but also SmartLOGO, Paintmaster, and many support programs. Expect that most of the fancy graphics, labels, signs etc., you see in the ADAM world were done with PowerPAINT. There are educational tools for the kids, word processing enhancements to expand the powers of SmartWriter, utilities to help you avoid losing data and oftup with programs that will cause some sensation in the ADAM world. Of course the most highly-rated ADAM program is ADAMcalc. You do have to understand something of the principles of bookkeeping, but this award-winning program is fundamentally as easy and intuitive in its operation as SmartWriter. It will do a masterful job on your income tax - many H&R Block offices still use ADAMs. It can run the most complicated budget, keep a small business on track, or help you control your investments. When it comes ping around I once found discs for 25 cents each; on the quantity I use it sure beats datapacks at $4.99. They are quick and easy to reformat, so much faster in reading and writing data that some programs that require a lot of reference to the storage medium are available for disc only. If you're really going to get your money's worth out of your ADAM, a disc drive is my personal best bet (I use two pair). For most people 64K of memory expansion should prove adequate ($34.95). But if you're one of those iindependent operators stepped into the breach. Games often were the starting point, which may be why there are so many (like Mind Over ADAM, ADAM Bomb, Robothief and many others) exclusive to ADAM. There are others adapted from other computers, like Tetris (Addictus, $19.95 and a more complicated version, Brainstorm, $21.95) and the Mah-Jongg adaption Dragon ($19.95) which at least one buyer reports is the most fascinating diversion his wife has ever encountered. One of the great strengths of the ADAM is m Radio Shack, costs $15.18. Any Epson/IBM compatible printer will work - 9-pin, 24-pin, colour, ink jet, even laser. The Micro Innovations plain printer interface is $39.95, though the knowledgable can do things like wiring clock chips into it as well. The MIB2 interface, at $84.95, adds two serial ports, good for connecting a fast external modem and 80-column monitor if you have the urge to get into telecommunications. If you really want to get in deep, Micro Innovations has temporarily withdrawn from thome security and auto-activity system with ease. One owner uses it to calculate camera lens resolution. Another uses it to run the service announcements channel on a hotel cable system. What chore would you like done that a computer can do? Bet on it - your ADAM, given the right software and hardware, can almost certainly do it. Surely you've proven to yourself by now that you have a good and useful machine. Isn't it time you did a bit of upgrading and really put it to work for you?. I'm sure you'll be pler you're willing to make a firm commitment if the price is under $100. It won't take that many orders to get a new supply going - Syd Carter is willing to fill an order for an economic production run. The last no-slot clock chips are still available from MTAG, but don't be surprised if someone comes along with the software to let you add one to a spare area on the MI dot-matrix printer interface. For the moment the Eve speech synthesizer and Carter sound digitizer are history, but these things can be mahome security and auto-activity system with ease. One owner uses it to calculate camera lens resolution. Another uses it to run the service announcements channel on a hotel cable system. What chore would you like done that a computer can do? Bet on it - your ADAM, given the right software and hardware, can almost certainly do it. Surely you've proven to yourself by now that you have a good and useful machine. Isn't it time you did a bit of upgrading and really put it to work for you?. I'm sure you'll be pod and useful and satisfying, would you have kept it this long? But given the success you've enjoyed, why not remember all the other things your ADAM can do for you? It can go a lot faster and remember a lot more. It can fire your prose around the continent's bulletin boards (BBSs) and receive your replies. It can play games with you and your kids, keep your notes in order, handle your financial affairs, draw pretty pictures and make them move, and let you compose your own music. It can even program your he hard drive market - Mark Gordon couldn't find a supplier with the quality control that meets his high standards. But he'll be back. The Orphanware hard drive ("Mini-Winnie") is back in production, though it requires some fairly major surgery to your ADAM and at first may be awkward to use. The same bunch are producing the 80-column adapter card, too. In the lower cost area, Megacopy is off the market till enough orders emerge to justify a new production run; if you want this tape formatter, tell your dealeased with the results!ng, would you have kept it this long? But given the success you've enjoyed, why not remember all the other things your ADAM can do for you? It can go a lot faster and remember a lot more. It can fire your prose around the continent's bulletin boards (BBSs) and receive your replies. It can play games with you and your kids, keep your notes in order, handle your financial affairs, draw pretty pictures and make them move, and let you compose your own music. It can even program your de to re-appear if enough people want them badly enough and say so. It is doubtful anyone who has attended an ADAMcon or seen Bob Stroud's demos at Victoria, or Ron Mitchell's in Ottawa, will forget the Midi-Mite MIDI interface ($99.95) for long. Just the machine to bring the budding Beethovens out of the bushes. Yes - for the past eight years or so your ADAM has been writing your letters. Probably it's been doing such a good job of it you just think of it as a letter-writing appliance. If it weren't goSWITCHING TO EIGHTY COLUMNS.BY DAVID COBLEY.I've often wondered how it would be to see the screen output of my favourite computer in true 80 columns. But, until recently, I never seriously contemplated converting my own system. That is, until I was halfway through my project to access Fidonet and having problems with the ADAM screen presentation, at 2400 baud. And that is the subject of this article.One of the things we small town dwellers must accept is the possibility that, because of our limited chip line-up for the MIB-2 board, he would provide replacements to try chip-swapping our way out of trouble. Which is what we tried. But that didn't work, either.Now what to do?. I'm no technical genius, so I approach things like printed circuit boards, full of expensive microchips, with some trepidation. However, here was I, with all the essential elements of an 80 column ADAM, including modem, without the system working. Odd thing was, the parallel interface part of the MIB-2 board, which feeds my dot mat5:00 plus taxes. That may sound like a lot of money to our U.S. readers, or those that live in such huge metropolitan areas as Toronto or Vancouver, who have ready access to a selection of "surplus type" stores, but for my money, compared with a similar product mail-order purchased from elsewhere, when you include exchange and shipping etc., it's pretty competitive.The unit that I had purchased was a Wyse WY50, so-called "dumb terminal" including a green/black monitor with a non-glare screen, plus a 101 kI adapter is similar to the power adapter used with the Roller Controller for ADAM, except that it is not as well made, and the wires are supposedly "permanently" connected, whereas the Coleco adapter allowed the roller controller to plugged in, or unplugged, at will. I use the quotes with good reason as you will read.Unfortunately, whoever assembled my MIB-2 board, chose to use solid core wires for this connection, which meant that there was little or no flexibility in the assembly, particularly at the per the phone. And so I sat and pondered the dilemma in which I found myself.It was about this time that I started to have troubles with my MIB-2 board. Even my new modem, which had worked just fine up to that point, flatly refused to dial a BBS or, for that matter, dial anything. As you can well imagine, I immediately assumed that plugging in the new terminal had "blown" something. I mentioned that thought to Dan, but he was fairly sure that should not be the case. However, if I would give him the microchoice of commercial sources, particularly in specialist areas such as data processing equipment, we may end up paying more than our urban fellows, for a similar product. And I live in a rather small town, Qualicum Beach, on Vancouver Island.So it was with some measure of concern that I approached one of our two local computer sales and service agencies regarding purchase of a used dumb terminal. Imagine my surprise when they told me they had on hand, at least three such units and that one would cost me $12rix printer, was working fine. Which tended to suggest that it was something in the dual serial port circuits that was acting up.In order for me to do the chip-swapping, because of the limited space at my computer station, I was forced to take the MIB-2 board out of the ADAM, so that I could remove and replace the chips, one by one. Then re-install the board each time. The power supply leads for the MIB-2 are connected to an adapter which is installed between the ADAM printer cable and the console. The M-ey tactile keyboard. I hadn't the slightest idea whether this was one of the terminals that would work with the ADAM. But, having already purchased a 2400 baud modem, plus an MIB-2 multiple interface board, I HOPED it was. So I bought it, brought it home, made up a connecting cable to suit, and plugged it into ADAM.Guess what?. Nothing!. Even when I booted 80TDOS45 which is supposed to work in 80 columns. What to do next?. I phoned my local electronics genius, Dan Pinko, who unfortunately couldn't help ovrinted circuit board, where these relatively stiff little wires were simply soldered into the board, with no strain relief whatever. After several unsuccessful forays into the chip-swapping arena, I was suddenly confronted with a fracture of the power supply wires at the board end. Likely due to brittleness, both of the leads failed at the board. Copper has a habit of "work hardening", which means that if it is reshaped several times, it can create a "stress point" where it can fail.Of immediate concern wjarred the wire away from the pin.Once I had determined that this was the case, I examined the white wire and found that a similar condition existed with that one. The cure was simple enough. I used my trusty 25 watt Radio Shack soldering iron and soldered the two wires firmly into place and then poured fresh hot-glue back into the space between the two plugs.Having by now determined the correct polarity of the two wires, I resoldered them to the printed circuit board and added some hot-glue strain protmeter in the resistance mode. (A continuous circuit would produce no resistance and I would be home free.) But no matter which of the pins I tried, I couldn't get continuity to the black wire. I could for the white one.The adapter had been cobbled out of a pair of DB9 plug sockets, one female and one male, which were placed back to back and the pins soldered to one another. A homemade gender changer of sorts. After the power supply wires had been inserted and, presumably, soldered to their respective pinsn Ohio, to ask him if he could help. I've never had Ron let me down on something as difficult as this, and he didn't let me down now. The day after I successfully cured the MIB-2 board problem, a disc of goodies arrived from Ron, who had thoughtfully sent me a message on Fidonet, via Ron Mitchell, that the package was on it's way. Once again Ron Collins came through with a disc full of patched operating systems, utility programs, and even a word processor, ZDE, that he favours. Included were the necessary phere was no evidence that the wire had ever been soldered to the pin. The pins had been soldered together well enough, and the wire had been "tinned" and shaped to fit into the pin socket, but there was certainly not enough solder on the wire to suggest it had been soldered securely to the pin. One has to assume that physical proximity to the pin during the pre-shipment testing of the board, was sufficient to ensure that adequate temporary continuity existed. But subsequent handling of the set up must have as that the fact that I had not recorded the polarity of either of the wires, one of which was white and the other black. Usually, in household electrical wiring, the black lead is the positive and the white is neutral or negative. But I wasn't sure and being unsure I didn't want to chance reverse connections. So I searched for, and found, a pin-out diagram of the power supply cord for the ADAM, and then tried to trace the wires, from their point of failure, through to the pins on the adapter, using a multiection there too.Now for the acid test!. Would it work?. Yessir, it surely did. As soon as I has reinstalled the MIB-2 board in my ADAM and hooked up the modem, printer and dumb terminal to it, all seemed to be well. Not that I had an 80 column presentation, but I could dial out using the modem, and connect to a BBS. So far-so good.All that remained to be done was to obtain of some properly "patched" software programs to support the new screen. Fortunately I had thought to phone Ron Collins, who lives i, hot-glue had been poured into the space to seal the connections and act as additional anchorage for the wires. Since I couldn't get continuity through the black lead, I had little choice but to gouge out some of this hot glue, to try to see if the black wire had failed within the adapter.I used a jeweller's miniature screwdriver to gently chip away at the hot glue, which fortunately was not too tough. Finally I was able to reach the pin where the black wire was located, and found, to my surprise, that tatch programs, so that I could patch any other utilities that I wanted in the future. What a wonderful thing it is to have such clever and generous friends in ADAMdom.First I attached a read-protect tab to Ron's disc, then made a back up copy. Then I carefully filed the original in a safe place, read the document file that Ron included with his disc and proceeded as he directed. Then I booted my new disc and there was my beautiful new 80 columns, in living green, but there!. So far so good!.The first pa in 80 columns greatly simplifies editing activities, which is mostly what I do with my ADAM.As to costs, you'll find the figures in my companion article in this newsletter. Would I do it again?. Possibly. In the light of current information, where I now know that 40 columns will simply not work, in my situation, with a 2400 baud modem, and with recent local purchases of used IBM-XT compatible computers (complete with two floppy drives, a hard disc drive, and a monochrome monitor, for around $300), I woulion, including either 80 or 132 columns, in green characters on a black background or black on green. You can easily change the shape of the cursor, and have it flash or not. You can choose the type of communications criteria the unit uses, handshake on or off, full-duplex, half-duplex, or block (whatever that is). You can select the number of data bits, the number of stop bits, the parity, and the modem port speed. (Ron had suggested 9600 baud as the best speed, so that is what I used.) You can alter the caud. 2400 is about all ADAM can keep up with, without resorting to using a hard drive to store incoming data, and that's another considerable investment.I do want to stay with ADAM, for more reasons than simply meeting the accepted criteria for editing an ADAM newsletter. After all, none of my readers would know whether I was using an ADAM or some other computer for my editing. I know that editors of several other ADAM newsletters now use other than ADAM to prepare their newsletters. But ADAM has been, anch of these alternative terminals, in his covering letter, I elected to stay with the Wyse WY50 mode and that is what I'm using. ZDE has proven to be just as easy to use as VDE266 and the command structure is similar, and, since it was already set up on Ron's disc for the Wyse, that is what I am using to edit my incoming and outgoing Fidonet mail. I have found that ZDE will accept up to 44 kilobytes of text before it runs out of memory, which is at least equal to the capacity of VDE266. And to see your worktching I tried used the Wyse 101 key keyboard and the Wyse screen, but that combination gave me trouble, both with the arrow keys, and with some spurious characters showing up during BBS connections. Once I determined that the screen was working OK, I reread Ron's doc's and converted the system back to using the ADAM keyboard.Perhaps now would be an opportune time to mention some of the options available on the Wyse WY50. First, you can readily change several of the characteristics of the screen presentatd have to think hard about it.Even with my improved ADAM, until I get a worthwhile Offline Mail Packet Reader program, I'm still not at the point I would have been with an older  IBM, plus "Silly Little Mail Reader".From a "purist" point of view, there is little doubt which way to go, and I'm committed to keeping my fine old ADAM(s). But it makes you wonder, just what other problems are going to prevent our continued use of ADAM, on local boards that are regularly accessed by units using 9600 to 19200 bharacteristics of other important items such as <Return> vs <Return + Line Feed>, auto scroll, and Block end marker. You can select the keyboard to be in US/UK (English?), German, French, Spanish, or Danish. And you can have the terminal emulate the WY50 terminal (itself), the Televideo 910, 920, or 925 terminals, the ADDSVP terminal or the Hazeltine HZ1500. I wouldn't call a product that offers all those alternatives, dumb at all, would you?.Because of observations made by Ron about the limitations of ead still is, serving me well.I've NEVER had an ADAM throw in the sponge, even though mine are in use many hours of most days of the year. I can't believe THAT is the industry standard, or where would all these computer repair technicians get their work?, at $60 for the first half-hour, plus $60 for each hour thereafter!. I've never taken one of my ADAMs to anyone for repair, and I've owned fifteen of them, and still own six. I have changed a circuit board in one of my ADAMs, but it was not working properlyalizing file. If you set the INITFILE switch to ON , then every time MEX is called up, the first thing it will do is search for and execute this initializing file. The file must have the filename and type of INI.MEX. MEX will search through the disk (or disks) for a file by the name of INI.MEX. If it finds it, it will immediately execute that file. If there is no INI.MEX file, it will report that it was unable to find it and will then wait for your next instruction. But first, you might ask, what is the meat cares to visit me on Paradise Island a/k/a Vancouver Island. Come and see! You'll love it! I guarantee!hours of most days of the year. I can't believe THAT is the industry standard, or where would all these computer repair technicians get their work?, at $60 for the first half-hour, plus $60 for each hour thereafter!. I've never taken one of my ADAMs to anyone for repair, and I've owned fifteen of them, and still own six. I have changed a circuit board in one of my ADAMs, but it was not working properlye to use it if you would rather not. Ron Fowler, the author of MEX, calls the function that performs the search operation a STAT switch variable. If you are looking for a description of this particular STAT switch variable, you will find it in section 8 of the MEX.DOC file. That section deals with all of the variables.You may display the status of all of the switches, characters and values of your particular copy of MEX by means of the STAT command. To use this command, you first must start MEX in motion.CP/M FOR THE ADAM: CHAPTER SIXTEEN.BY THOMAS J. KEENE.(Here is Chapter Sixteen in Tom Keene's continuing series on using CP/M with your ADAM.)Continuing our discussion of the CP/M modem program MEX I would like to cover the use of an initializing file to get MEX under way. One of the built in features of MEX is the search for a start-up file. Whether or not MEX will look for the initializing file is your option. If that is what you want it to do, then you must turn on the switch to search for an initi from day one.As long as I can continue to access Fidonet, without too many problems, and I can prepare my outgoing and incoming E-mail, plus my personal correspondence, in 80 column mode, I'll consider the investment and setting up problems worthwhile.If any of my readers would like more details of the switchover, I would be pleased to respond to their inquiries. And if any of you would like to see just what using 80 columns with the ADAM is like, I would dearly love to show my "new" ADAM to anyone thaning of an "INITFILE switch", where is it and how do you go about turning it on?In MEX there are many optional functions that can be switched on or off. The use of these various functions will depend on what you want MEX to do. A good example is the very thing we are talking about, ---the use of an initializing file. Not everyone makes use of it. In fact there are a lot of MEX users that haven't found out about it. In my opinion, an initializing file is indispensable. But it is an option and you don't hav from day one.As long as I can continue to access Fidonet, without too many problems, and I can prepare my outgoing and incoming E-mail, plus my personal correspondence, in 80 column mode, I'll consider the investment and setting up problems worthwhile.If any of my readers would like more details of the switchover, I would be pleased to respond to their inquiries. And if any of you would like to see just what using 80 columns with the ADAM is like, I would dearly love to show my "new" ADAM to anyone tha Since MEX is actually a CP/M program whose filename and filetype is MEX.COM, all you need to do to start MEX is to type MEX <CR>. It is a .COM file and will begin to run as soon as you hit the carriage return. What MEX will do at this point depends on where you got your copy of MEX and just how the person who gave it to you had it configured. It would be much simpler if we were discussing a brand new virgin copy of MEX that hadn't yet been installed with an overlay. But that probably will rarely be the cas:T-file linefeed appendnd....OFFBELL:console bell...............ONBAK:backup file create..........ONCRC error check mode............ONCHECKSUM:error check mode......OFFCIS: Compuserve protocol........ONXON:T-file  Xon/Xoff test......OFFXLINE: T-file EOL XON write....OFFID: MEX ID in error messages...OFFWTECHO: wait-for-echo..........OFFFILTER: control character trap.OFFLIST: printer device............ONDEBUG: T-modem hex display.....OFFEXCLUDE(ignore SYS files).......ONINITFILE (startup file).>It will wait for you to tell it what to do next. You are now "in" MEX and not under CP/M. By that I mean, that the commands you will be using are MEX commands. Sometimes the commands in MEX are identical to CP/M commands, but they are NOT CP/M commands. MEX has a unique operation that will seem to work like a COM file in CP/M. It will read a file and execute it if the file has a file extension of ".MEX". If I have a file called INI.MEX and I am at the MEX prompt, and I type INI <CR> like this: [MEX]A0>). 1BH "CTL-["-- Values --REPLY wait-time, SENDOUT. 8 secWECHO SENDOUT echo-wait.. 2 secRETRY: SENDOUT retry-cnt. 6WCHAR: T-trn chr wt delay 50 msWLINE: T-trn lin wt delay 500 msCLOCK: speed of CPU...... 50RTIME: rcv file wait timr 1 secALERT bell count......... 255SEARCH mode.............. 0PAGE: lines per screen... 23Each of these settings may be changed by you to make MEX perform the way that you prefer. You won't understand all of these options at this time, but the one I have been discussu come to the MEX prompt, you can see the current settings of all of the STAT switch variables, all of the special character settings and all of the special values that MEX will have. This command at the prompt will look like this: [MEX]A0>> STAT <CR>Below is tabulated a typical (though not necessarily recommended) set of values that might be seen when the STAT command is given. This is just by way of illustration of how the screen might appear:     -- Switches --RUB:backspace-to-rub conversn..OFFLFe with most owners of MEX. You will have received a working version all set up to run on ADAM. Unless you have been given an advance version that already has an INI.MEX file set up and configured to dial a phone number, then at some point MEX will come to a halt and display the MEX prompt and await your next instruction. The MEX prompt is quite similar to the CP/M prompt, and unless it has been  especially configured to be a tailor made prompt (and that you can do) the prompt will look like this: [MEX]A0>.......OFFSILENT: READ command silencer..OFFEXTEND: READ command extend.....ONSPLIT: phone library split......ONHEX:input radix................OFFDECIMAL:input radix.............ONQUEUE:T-mode queued I/O........ ONCAPTURE: save-in-memory........OFFPRECHO: echo to list...........OFFSODELAY:SENDOUT time delay......ONTAB: console TAB expander.......ON-- Characters --TRIGGER char for SENDOUT. 00H "CTL-@"CANCEL char for SENDOUT.. 15H "CTL-U"SEP (cmd line separator). 3BH ";"ESC (T-mode escape char> INI <CR>MEX will find INI.MEX and execute it. This is very much like the way a COM file works in CP/M. You could have any number of files that bear the filetype of MEX and these too could be executed in the same manner. Suppose I had a file named GET.MEX. I could have MEX find and execute this file by typing this command: [MEX]A0>> GET <CR>Whatever it might be that GET.MEX is created to do, it will commence doing it. But I am getting ahead of myself. Let's resume discussing the STAT command. When yoing is the INITFILE switch. You will find it in the right column, the eighth one down. And in this group, it is set to the "OFF" position. I have recommended that you put it in the "ON" position. How is that done? At the MEX prompt, you would type this: [MEX]A0>> STAT INITFILE ON <CR>Very simple. MEX will indicate that it has set the INITFILE switch to "ON". But if you would like to confirm this, you can type: [MEX]A0>> STAT INITFILE <CR>or [MEX]A0>> STAT <CR>The first command will show only thee an INI.MEX file. But what does INI.MEX look like and how do you get one?* You get one by writing it yourself. You make all of the commands in plain English (that is in ASCII) and you may use any text editor to write it. You may use WORDSTAR, or VDO25 or VDE25 or any number of edit programs, but strangely enough I find that the easiest file for this purpose is the much maligned CP/M file,---ED.COMThe contents of the INI.MEX file may be short and simple or very long and extremely complex. It depends on whone MEX. This is very easy to do, but I am not fond of making a clone at every whipstitch. It lacks class. Each time you clone MEX, it will make a note of it and when you call up MEX, it will display the Clone Level everytime. Some people have Clone Levels of 70 or 80 and even more. This tells me that they can't make up their mind what they want. Or worse yet, it reveals that they are cloning MEX to make changes that could be done a much better way. More of that later.Right now, you want this particular c first command in the INI.MEX file.I have mentioned the use of a phone directory. This might be as good a time as any to explain the way to set up a phone directory and how to make use of it in an INI.MEX file. In a lot of MEX functions, there is more than one way to accomplish a desired result. The phone directory is one of those, that even many prolific MEX users seem to be unaware of. The MEX.DOC file covers in detail one method in which the phone directory is an integral part of MEX itself. The big programs extensively and I prefer MEX. I like MDM740 and it really is terrific. MEX is considerably more  versatile, but for most people it is quite a bit more complicated than MDM740. Both have been configured for use with the ADAM. MDM740, when used with the ADAM, goes by the name MADAM7. Both have very good documentation. MADAM7 used to have a rather confusing documentation until John Moore of Atlanta Ga. recently wrote an excellent documentation for it.*The advantage of MEX over MDM740 is that it can us status of the INITFILE switch whereas the second command will show the whole shebang like above.OK you have now set up MEX to always search for a start-up file each time you bring up MEX. NOT QUITE! It's true that you have given MEX the proper switch setting, but this is a volatile setting that will disappear as soon as you leave MEX UNLESS YOU MAKE THIS A PERMANENT PART OF MEX.This you may do with the CLONE command. Anytime you make a substantive or permanent change in the main part of MEX you must clat you want it to do. I usually make the first command change the MEX prompt to one that reflects my own personality. My MEX prompt looks like this: [MEX-TJK]A0>>If you were Bennie Montoya then this would be a nice ID: [MEX-BENNIE]A0>>I like the use of a personal ID in the prompt and there are times, when working in groups that the identifying ID helps keep track of the source of comments. But you can either include this as part of you INI.MEX or not. For purposes of illustration I will make this myhange to be a basic part of your MEX and you are not likely to change your mind about it. So how do you clone it? At the MEX prompt, you type the following: [MEX]A0>> CLONE MEX114A.COM <CR>Don't take that filename too literally. It's a good one and will convey to you that this cloned version is the "A" version of MEX114.COM. I am assuming that you are using MEX114.COM while doing all this.There are two programs that deserve particular attention and they are MDM740 and MEX. I have used both of these problem with this is that every time you add or delete a phone number from the directory, you have to clone the change. That is why some people have Clone Levels of such very large numbers. But more than that, it is awkward and inconvenient. I find it to be much better to maintain my phone directory as a separate file. It isn't a part of MEX. And when I want to add or delete an entry I just use the text editor (ED.COM) to change just the directory itself. There are many other good and valid reasons for using ams as you wish. UKASBASIC 01wordpruk   A   WORD PROCESSOR TIPS, Letter Etiquete By K.A. Marnerbasictips  A   SmartBASIC TIPS MACHINE LANGUAGE TUTORIAL  By Sol Swift, modified by K.A. Marnertelecomuk  A   The ADAM Echo in UKKaniumDoc  A   Docs for KaniumKANIUM     A   SmartBASIC programcpmgamesuk A   CP/M GAMES VOLUME 1 By K.A. Marner  A public domain set of games written in E-BASIC. acalctipuk A   ADAM CALC TIPS By K.A. Marner =====================================VANCOUVER ISLAND SENIOR ADadopt the separate telephone directory system.When you create your INI.MEX file, then your second command will be one that loads the phone directory from a file to MEX internal memory. This line is about as simple as I just described. I should mention that your phone directory must be a file with the name PHONE.PHN. So the INI.MEX second command line is: LOAD PHONE.PHNUp till now the INI.MEX file has two lines: ID "[MEX-TJK]" LOAD PHONE.PHNSo far so good. Those two lines will set your ID and put   A      part two of Tom Keene's series on Word Processing with the ADAM. Writing02 is 1966 words.  FILTERINGS   A      the second in a new series by the undersigned about Fidonet. Filterings is 2615 words.  STEPPINGUP   A      is an article by Richard Clee about adding to your ADAM system. Steppingup is 2502 words.  80-COLUMNS   A      80-Columns is an article by the undersigned on his personal experiences in converting the ADAM to using an 80 column dumb terminal. 80-Columns is 2403 words.  CPMADA9208ANN-1ANNnotes   A   Dean Roades    Current ANN information.ZONKERACIV A   Bart "ZONKER" LYNCH's unique view of ADAMCON IV.=====================================Thanks to ZONKER for downloading these files originating from UKAS.cndv59uk   A   Review of NIAD PUBLIC DOMAIN CP/M VOLUME CNDV 59basicuk    A   UKAS SMARTBASIC VOLUMES. These  are  SmartBASIC programs featured in  the  UKAS  JOURNAL's LISTINGS  articles.  Use them to learn SmartBASIC or  modify  and incorporate them into your own progrthis method. Suppose you later start using a different overlay for your MEX. For example, maybe you buy Orphanware's new interface and a 1200 baud modem. Well the same old MEX and the same old overlay won't work here so you will be using a new version of MEX. But if you have been using the separate phone directory, then you won't have to make any allowances or change anything. The old phone directory will continue to serve. You won't have to type in all those entries and Clone the results. So I urge you to AMPHILES INPUT TO ANN FOR JULY/AUGUST 1992.PLEASE NOTE. All files are unformatted in ASCII and can be read using either SmartWRITER, SpeedyWRITE 1 or 2, or SmartBASIC.  FILENAME  FILETYPE  DESCRIPTION.  VIEWPOINT    A      an article by the undersigned with regard to telecommunications in general and Fidonet in particular. The article is 2330 words.  GLEANINGS    A      a regular column, by David Sands, of newsworthy information extracted from various sources. Gleanings is 2410 words.  WRITING02  the phone directory into MEX memory, ready to be used. But maybe it's not entirely clear how these commands are created using the ED.COM. At the risk of boring the more experienced CP/Mers, I will devote a paragraph or two to that subject.ew version of MEX. But if you have been using the separate phone directory, then you won't have to make any allowances or change anything. The old phone directory will continue to serve. You won't have to type in all those entries and Clone the results. So I urge you to M16    A      CPMADAM16 is Chapter 16 in Tom Keene's ongoing series, "CP/M For The ADAM". CPMADAM16 is 2191 words.A SPECIAL NOTE RE CPMADAM16. The series CP/M For The ADAM was supplied to me, on disc, by the author, Tom Keene. Examination of Chapter 16 showed that part of the text was corrupted. Please note that the text bracketed between asterisks "*" is not Tom Keene's but is the undersigned's attempt to salvage the corrupted text. While I felt justified in "editing" the article for my own newsletter, oههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههther publisher's should identify the inserted text in some suitable fashion.B. David Cobley.Newsletter Editor & Corresponding Secretary,Vancouver Island Senior ADAMphiles, (V.I.S.A.).ings is 2615 words.  STEPPINGUP   A      is an article by Richard Clee about adding to your ADAM system. Steppingup is 2502 words.  80-COLUMNS   A      80-Columns is an article by the undersigned on his personal experiences in converting the ADAM to using an 80 column dumb terminal. 80-Columns is 2403 words.  CPMADAهههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههه